Hans Grüneberg

{{Short description|British geneticist}}

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{{Infobox scientist

| honorific_suffix = FRS

| image = Hans Gruneberg at a microscope Wellcome L0073423.jpg

| caption = Hans Grüneberg in 1952

| birth_date = {{birth date |1907|5|26|df=yes}}

| birth_place = Wuppertal–Elberfeld, Germany

| death_date = {{death date and age |1982|10|23|1907|5|26|df=yes}}

| death_place =

| other_names = Hans Grueneberg, Hans Gruneberg

| citizenship =

| fields = Mouse genetics

| workplaces = Royal Army Medical Corps, University College London

| patrons = J. B. S. Haldane, Sir Henry Dale

| education = University of Bonn (MD), University of Berlin (PhD), University of London (DSc)

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| known_for = Description of siderocytes and sideroblasts

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}}Hans Grüneberg {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FRS}}{{Cite journal | last1 = Lewis | first1 = Dan | last2 = Hunt | first2 = D. M. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1984.0008 | title = Hans Grüneberg. 26 May 1907 – 23 October 1982 | journal = Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society | volume = 30 | pages = 226–247 | year = 1984 | jstor = 769826| pmid = 11616003| s2cid = 7536917 }} (26 May 1907 – 23 October 1982), whose name was also written as Hans Grueneberg and Hans Gruneberg, was a British geneticist. Grüneberg was born in Wuppertal–Elberfeld in Germany. He obtained an MD from the University of Bonn, a PhD in biology from the University of Berlin and a DSc from the University of London. He arrived in London in 1933, at the invitation of J.B.S. Haldane and Sir Henry Dale.

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1956. Most of his work focused on mouse genetics,{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| last2 = Wickramaratne | first2 = G. A.

| title = A re-examination of two skeletal mutants of the mouse, vestigial-tail (vt) and congenital hydrocephalus (ch)

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 31

| issue = 1

| pages = 207–222

| year = 1974

| pmid = 4819561

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| last2 = Lee | first2 = A. J.

| title = The anatomy and development of brachypodism in the mouse

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 30

| issue = 1

| pages = 119–141

| year = 1973

| pmid = 4729943

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = Exocrine glands and the Chievitz organ of some mouse mutants

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 25

| issue = 2

| pages = 247–261

| year = 1971

| pmid = 5088022

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = The glandular aspects of the tabby syndrome in the mouse

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 25

| issue = 1

| pages = 1–19

| year = 1971

| pmid = 5548211

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = Threshold phenomena versus cell heredity in the manifestation of sex-linked genes in mammals

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 22

| issue = 2

| pages = 145–179

| year = 1969

| pmid = 5361553

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = More about the tabby mouse and about the Lyon hypothesis

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 16

| issue = 3

| pages = 569–590

| year = 1966

| pmid = 5962700

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = The molars of the tabby mouse, and a test of the 'single-active X-chromosome' hypothesis

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 15

| issue = 2

| pages = 223–244

| year = 1966

| pmid = 5959976

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = Genes and genotypes affecting the teeth of the mouse

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 14

| issue = 2

| pages = 137–159

| year = 1965

| pmid = 5893447

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Gruneberg | first1 = H.

| title = Genetical studies on the skeleton of the mouse. XXIII. The development of brachyury and anury

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 6

| issue = 3

| pages = 424–443

| year = 1958

| pmid = 13575656

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Gruneberg | first1 = H.

| title = Genetical studies on the skeleton of the mouse. XXII. The development of Danforth's short-tail

| journal = Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology

| volume = 6

| issue = 1

| pages = 124–148

| year = 1958

| pmid = 13539275

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| last2 = Burnett | first2 = J. B.

| last3 = Snell | first3 = G. D.

| title = The Origin of Jerker, a New Gene Mutation of the House Mouse, and Linkage Studies Made with It

| journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

| volume = 27

| issue = 12

| pages = 562–565

| year = 1941

| pmid = 16588504

| pmc = 1078382

| doi=10.1073/pnas.27.12.562

| bibcode = 1941PNAS...27..562G| doi-access = free

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = Inherited Macrocytic Anemias in the House Mouse

| journal = Genetics

| volume = 24

| issue = 6

| pages = 777–810

| year = 1939

| doi = 10.1093/genetics/24.6.777

| pmid = 17246952

| pmc = 1209073

}} in which his speciality was the study of pleiotropic effects of mutations on the development of the mouse skeleton.

He was the first person to describe siderocytes and sideroblasts, atypical nucleated erythrocytes with granules of iron accumulated in perinuclear mitochondria.[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sideroblast medical-dictionary] This he reported in the journal Nature.{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = Is there a viral component in the genetic background?

| journal = Nature

| volume = 225

| issue = 5227

| pages = 39–41

| year = 1970

| pmid = 5410193

| doi=10.1038/225039a0

| bibcode = 1970Natur.225...39G| s2cid = 4269949

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Gruneberg | first1 = H.

| title = A ventral ectodermal ridge of the tail in mouse embryos

| journal = Nature

| volume = 177

| issue = 4513

| pages = 787–788

| year = 1956

| pmid = 13321960

| doi=10.1038/177787b0

| bibcode = 1956Natur.177..787G| s2cid = 4178438

}}{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = Variation Within Inbred Strains of Mice

| doi = 10.1038/173674a0

| journal = Nature

| volume = 173

| issue = 4406

| pages = 674–676

| year = 1954

| pmid = 13165620

| bibcode = 1954Natur.173..674G

| s2cid = 4257744

}} The Grüneberg ganglion,{{Cite journal

| last1 = Grüneberg | first1 = H.

| title = A ganglion probably belonging to the N. Terminalis system in the nasal mucosa of the mouse

| journal = Zeitschrift für Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte

| volume = 140

| issue = 1

| pages = 39–52

| year = 1973

| doi = 10.1007/BF00520716

| pmid = 4749131

| s2cid = 10216579

}} an olfactory ganglion in rodents, was first described by Hans Grueneberg in 1973.