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Hanunoo language

{{short description|Austronesian language spoken in the Philippines}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Hanunoo

|altname=Hanunó'o

|nativename={{script|Hano|ᜱᜨᜳᜨᜳᜢ}}

|states=Philippines

|region=Mimaropa

|speakers=13,000

|date=2000

|ref=e18

|familycolor=Austronesian

|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian

|fam3=Philippine

|fam4=Greater Central Philippine

|fam5=South Mangyan

|script=Hanunuo

|iso3=hnn

|glotto=hanu1241

|glottorefname=Hanunoo

}}

{{special characters||characters=Hanunoo script|image=Hanunoo script sample, syllables nga ngi ngu.svg|special=Hanunoo text}}

Hanunoo, or Hanunó'o ({{IPA|tl|hanunuʔɔ|IPA}}), is a language spoken by Mangyans in the island of Mindoro, Philippines.

It is written in the Hanunoo script.

Phonology

= Consonants =

Hanunoo has 16 consonant phonemes.

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Consonants{{sfn|Epo|2014|pp=5, 9}}

! colspan="2" |

!Labial

!Alveolar

!Palatal

!Velar

!Glottal

rowspan="2" |Plosive

!voiceless

|{{IPA link|p}} {{angbr|p}}

|{{IPA link|t}} {{angbr|t}}

|

|{{IPA link|k}} {{angbr|k}}

|{{IPA link|ʔ}}{{efn|Hanunoo does not write glottal stops.}}

voiced

|{{IPA link|b}} {{angbr|b}}

|{{IPA link|d}} {{angbr|d}}

|

|{{IPA link|ɡ}} {{angbr|g}}

|

colspan="2" |Nasal

|{{IPA link|m}} {{angbr|m}}

|{{IPA link|n}} {{angbr|n}}

|

|{{IPA link|ŋ}} {{angbr|ng}}

|

colspan="2" |Fricative

|

|{{IPA link|s}} {{angbr|s}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|h}} {{angbr|h}}

colspan="2" |Trill

|

|{{IPA link|r}} {{angbr|r}}

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Lateral

|

|{{IPA link|l}} {{angbr|l}}

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Approximant

|{{IPA link|w}} {{angbr|w}}

|

|{{IPA link|j}} {{angbr|y}}

|

|

{{notelist}}

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

|+Vowels{{sfn|Epo|2014|pp=5, 9}}

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

align="center"

!Close

|{{IPA link|i}} {{angbr|i}}

|

|{{IPA link|u}} {{angbr|u}}

Mid

|

|({{IPA link|ə}})

|

align="center"

!Open

|

|{{IPA link|a}} {{angbr|a}}

|

  • {{IPA|/a i/}} can be heard as {{IPA|[ə ɪ]}} within closed syllables.
  • {{IPA|/u/}} can be heard as {{IPA|[o]}} within word-final syllables.
  • {{IPA|/i/}} can be heard as an open-mid {{IPA|[ɛ]}} among some speakers in certain words.{{sfn|Epo|2014|pp=6-7}}

=Diphthongs=

Hanunoo also has four diphthongs: {{IPAslink|ai̯}}, {{IPAslink|au̯}}, {{IPAslink|iu̯}}, and {{IPAslink|ui̯}}.{{sfn|Epo|2014|p=7}}

Distribution

Hanunoo is spoken in the following locations according to Barbian (1977):{{Cite book |last=Barbian |first=Karl-Josef |title=English-Mangyan Vocabulary |publisher=University of San Carlos |year=1977 |location=Cebu City}}

References

{{Reflist}}

Bibliography

  • {{Cite thesis |last=Epo |first=Yrrah Jane S. |title=Discourse Analysis of Suyot: A Hanunuo-Mangyan Folk Narrative |date=2014 |degree=MA |publisher=Payap University |citeseerx=10.1.1.695.4257 |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wHXhElXEnvnipXyIhrNrfZMVJvdxavzv/view}}

Further reading

{{refbegin}}

  • {{Cite book |last=Conklin |first=Harold |date=1949 |title=A Brief Description of Hanunoo Morphology and Syntax |location=Berkeley |publisher=University of California Press}}
  • {{Cite book |last=Conklin |first=Harold C. |date=1953 |title=Hanunóo-English Vocabulary |series=University of California Publications in Linguistics |volume=9 |location=Berkeley |publisher=University of California Press |oclc=3912044}}

{{refend}}

External links

  • [http://www.mangyan.org/content/hanunuo Hanunuo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007095429/http://www.mangyan.org/content/hanunuo |date=2016-10-07 }}, Mangyan Heritage Center. (About the people.)

{{Philippine languages}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hanuno'o Language}}

Category:Southern Mindoro languages

Category:Mindoro

{{GCPhilippine-lang-stub}}