Haplogroup O (mtDNA)
{{Short description|Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup}}
{{about|the human mtDNA haplogroup|the human Y-DNA haplogroup|Haplogroup O-M175}}
Haplogroup O mtDNA is a haplogroup derived from haplogroup N and found in Oceania.{{cite journal | doi = 10.1086/425871 | volume=75 | title=Phylogeny of Mitochondrial DNA Macrohaplogroup N in India, Based on Complete Sequencing: Implications for the Peopling of South Asia | year=2004 | journal=The American Journal of Human Genetics | pages=966–978 | last1 = Malliya | issue=6 | pmc=1182158 | pmid=15467980}} Specifically, it is found among Aboriginal Australians.{{cite journal |last1=van Holst Pellekaan |first1=Sheila M. |last2=Ingman |first2=Max |last3=Roberts-Thomson |first3=June |last4=Harding |first4=Rosalind M. |title=Mitochondrial genomics identifies major haplogroups in Aboriginal Australians |journal=American Journal of Biological Anthropology |volume=131 |issue=2 |date=October 2006 |pages=282–294 |doi=10.1002/ajpa.20426 |pmid=16596590 }}{{cite journal |last1=Rasmussen |first1=Morten |last2=Guo |first2=Xiaosen |last3=Wang |first3=Yong |last4=Lohmueller |first4=Kirk E. |last5=Rasmussen |first5=Simon |last6=Albrechtsen |first6=Anders |last7=Skotte |first7=Line |last8=Lindgreen |first8=Stinus |last9=Metspalu |first9=Mait |display-authors=8 |title=An Aboriginal Australian Genome Reveals Separate Human Dispersals into Asia |journal=Science |volume=334 |issue=6052 |date=2011-10-07 |pages=94–98 |doi=10.1126/science.1211177 |pmid=21940856 |hdl=10072/43493 |hdl-access=free }} Its defining mutations are G6755A, C9140T, and G16213A.{{cite web |url=https://www.phylotree.org/tree/N.htm |title=PhyloTree.org - mtDNA tree Build 17 (18 Feb 2016): subtree N }}
It is one of the rarest haplogroups. As of 2022, FamilyTreeDNA reports that only 4 people in their customer base who have tested their complete mitochondrial sequences are members of the haplogroup.{{cite web |url=https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mt-dna-haplotree/O |title=Haplotree |access-date= 30 August 2022}} YFull reports 9 known members, 8 of whom are stated to be from Australia, and that the haplogroup is at least 20,000 years old.{{cite web |url=https://www.yfull.com/mtree/O/ |title=O MTree |access-date=30 March 2024}}
The following table lists relevant GenBank samples:
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Subclades
=Tree=
- O
- O-a1
- O-a1a
- O1
- O-a2
- O1
- O1a
Notes
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See also
{{Commons category|Haplogroup O (mtDNA)}}
- Genealogical DNA test
- Genetic genealogy
- Human mitochondrial genetics
- Population genetics
- Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups
{{mtDNA}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Haplogroup O (mtDNA)}}