Harakka
__NOTOC__
| {{Infobox Aircraft Begin
| name=Harakka | image=H-56_Harakka_II_(Helsinki_Museum_2001-09-15).JPG | caption=Harakka II glider at Suomen Ilmailumuseo (Finnish Aviation Museum), 2001 }}{{Infobox Aircraft Type | type=Primary glider | national origin=Finland | manufacturer= | designer= | first flight=February 1945 | introduced= | retired= | status= | primary user= | number built= | developed from= | variants with their own articles= }} |
The Harakka ("European magpie") was a primary glider produced for pilot training in Finland in the 1940s.
Development
Its design was typical of this class of aircraft, a "keel" with a pilot's seat suspended beneath a high, strut-braced monoplane wing, and carrying a conventional empennage at the end of an open framework."Harakka I (H-12)" First flown in February 1945, the type was built from plans by Finnish gliding clubs and soon replaced earlier primary gliders such as the Grunau 9,"Grunau 9 ja PIK-7 Harakka, kerhon 1940-50-lukujen alkeiskoulukoneet" becoming a standard piece of equipment in the clubs.Hardy 1982, p.74
In 1946, Raimo Häkkinen and Juhani Heinonen from Polyteknikkojen Ilmailukerho redesigned the Harakka to strengthen it."PIK-sarjan lentokoneet" This improved version became known as the Harakka II or PIK-7."PIK-sarjan lentokoneet"Taylor 1989, p.726"Harakka II (H-57)" In 1948, a single example of a more radically redesigned version designated Harakka III flew."Harakka III/PIK-7 (H-34)" This had the framework that supported the tail replaced by a single boom.
Examples of the Harakka I and Harakka II are preserved at the Suomen ilmailumuseo"Aircraft on display"
Variants
- Harakka I - initial version (based on Oleg Antonov's Us-4 aka Antonov A-1)
- Harakka II - strengthened version (several dozen built)
- Harakka III - version with redesigned tail (1 built)
Specifications (Harakka II)
{{Aircraft specs
|ref="Harakka II (H-57)"
|prime units? = met
|crew=One pilot
|length m=5.72
|length ft=18
|length in=9
|span m=10.60
|span ft=34
|span in=9
|height m=1.30
|height ft=4
|height in=3
|wing area sqm=15
|wing area sqft=161
|empty weight kg=92
|empty weight lb=200
|gross weight kg=200
|gross weight lb=440
|max speed kmh=117
|max speed mph=73
|glide ratio=10.5:1
|sink rate ms=1.2
|sink rate ftmin=236
}}
See also
Notes
{{reflist}}
References
{{Commons category|Harakka (glider)}}
- {{cite web |title= Aircraft on display |work=The Finnish Aviation Museum website |url=http://www.suomenilmailumuseo.fi/en/planes.html |accessdate=2009-01-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219054915/http://www.suomenilmailumuseo.fi/en/planes.html |archivedate=2008-12-19}}
- {{cite web |title=Grunau 9 ja PIK-7 Harakka, kerhon 1940-50-lukujen alkeiskoulukoneet
|work=Vaasan Lentokerho website |url=http://www.vaasanlentokerho.fi/?action=INavigation::showArticleViewPage(6083) |accessdate=2009-01-10}}
- {{cite book |last= Hardy |first= Michael |title=Gliders and Sailplanes of the World |year=1982 |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Shepperton }}
- {{cite web |title=Harakka I (H-12) |work=Karhulan Ilmailukerho website |url=http://users.kymp.net/mode0449/har1.htm |accessdate=2009-01-10 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509123013/http://users.kymp.net/mode0449/har1.htm |archivedate=2008-05-09 }}
- {{cite web |title=Harakka II (H-57) |work=Karhulan Ilmailukerho website |url=http://users.kymp.net/mode0449/har2.htm |accessdate=2009-01-10 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509082446/http://users.kymp.net/mode0449/har2.htm |archivedate=2008-05-09 }}
- {{cite web |title=Harakka III/PIK-7 (H-34) |work=Karhulan Ilmailukerho website |url=http://users.kymp.net/mode0449/har3.htm |accessdate=2009-01-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224205611/http://users.kymp.net/mode0449/har3.htm |archivedate=2012-02-24}}
- {{cite web |title=PIK-sarjan lentokoneet |work=Polyteknikkojen Ilmailukerho website |url=http://pik.tky.fi/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=43&Itemid=108 |accessdate=2009-01-08 }}
- {{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London }}
{{PIK aircraft}}
Category:1940s Finnish sailplanes