Harley-Davidson engine timeline
{{Short description|none}}
{{context|date=July 2019}}
Harley-Davidson engines are a line of engines manufactured since 1903 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin by the Harley-Davidson company for use in its motorcycles. Harley-Davidson engines are now made at Harley-Davidson Motor Company's Pilgrim Road Powertrain Operations facility in Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin.
The company's founders started making smaller flathead motorcycle engines individually by hand and fitted to bicycles in the 10 ft x 15 ft wooden barn in Milwaukee that was the Harley-Davidson workshop of the time, prior to that in 1901.
That first engine was a single cylinder model, based on the French developed De Dion-Bouton internal combustion engine.
The company was soon fully committed to producing its own proprietary engine designs, and by 1909 the first Harley-Davidson V-Twin engine had been designed and made, setting a template for engine design that continues today.
==Engine timeline==
| class=toccolours align=center |
| align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=110 | Harley-Davidson engines |
| align=center colspan=6 style="background:silver;" | Engine
|colspan=7 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1900s |colspan=7 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1910s |colspan=7 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1920s |colspan=7 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1930s |colspan=8,5 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1940s |colspan=8,5 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1950s |colspan=9 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1960s |colspan=9 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1970s |colspan=9 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1980s |colspan=15 align=center style="background:silver;" | 1990s |colspan=12 align=center style="background:silver;" | 2000s |colspan=12 align=center style="background:silver;" | 2010s |
| style="background:#ccd;" colspan=111 | Light engines |
|---|
| |S
|colspan=43 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=5 |1948–1952 |
| style="background:#ccd;" colspan=110 | One-cylinder engines |
| |27.4" F-head
|colspan=3 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=3 |1903–1905 |
| |26.8" F-head
|colspan=6 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=2 |1906–1908 |
| |30" F-head
|colspan=9 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=4 |1909–1912 |
| |35" F-head
|colspan=13 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=6 |1913–1918 |
| |37" F-head
|colspan=21 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=3 |1921–1923 |
| |21" OHV
|colspan=26 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=4 |1926–1929 |
| |21" flathead
|colspan=26 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=9 |1926–1934 |
| |30.5" flathead
|colspan=29 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=6 |1929–1934 |
| |"Hummers"
|colspan=47 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=19 |1948–1966 |
| | Topper
|colspan=60 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=6 |1960–1965 |
| | Baja 100
|colspan=69 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=4 |1969–1972 |
| style="background:#ccd;" colspan=111 | Big twin engines |
| | F-head (IOE)
|colspan=14 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=16 | 1914–1929 |
| | Flathead
|colspan=28 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=17 | 1930–1948 (until 1973 in the servicar models) |
| | Knucklehead
|colspan=34 | |align=center style="background:#cdc;" colspan=10 | 1936–1947 |
| | Panhead
|colspan=49 | |colspan=18 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1948–1965 |
| | Shovelhead
|colspan=66 | |colspan=20 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1966–1984 |
| | Evolution
|colspan=84 | |colspan=16 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1984–1999 |
| 1999 Revolution engine
| | Twin Cam |colspan=99 | |colspan=11 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1999–2017 |
| | Milwaukee-Eight
|colspan=107 | |colspan=1 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 2017- |
| style="background:#ccd;" colspan=111 | Sport engines |
| | W (opposed)
|colspan=19 | |colspan=5 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1919–1923 |
| | XA
|colspan=42 | |colspan=1 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1942 |
| | D
|colspan=28 | |colspan=4 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1929–1931 |
| | R
|colspan=32 | |colspan=8 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1932–1936 |
| | W (V twin)
|colspan=40 | |colspan=14 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1937–1952 |
| | G (W engine)
|colspan=40 | |colspan=35 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1937–1973 |
| | WR
|colspan=40 | |colspan=6 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1941–1952 |
| | K
|colspan=52 | |colspan=5 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1952–1953 |
| | KH
|colspan=54 | |colspan=5 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1954–1956 |
| | KR
|colspan=52 | |colspan=18 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1952–1969 |
| | Ironhead
|colspan=57 | |colspan=29 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1957–1985 |
| | XR
|colspan=70 | |colspan=36 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1970– |
| | Evolution
|colspan=85 | |colspan=25 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 1986–2022 |
| style="background:#ccd;" colspan=111 | Fluid (water)-cooled engines |
| | Revolution
|colspan=90 | |colspan=8 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 2002–2017 |
| | Revolution X
|colspan=102 | |colspan=8 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 2013– |
| | Revolution Max
|colspan=102 | |colspan=8 align=center style="background:#cdc;"| 2021– |
Big Twin (Stock) Engine Sizes:
- Flathead 45ci (737cc)
- Knucklehead 60ci (983cc) & 74ci (1212cc)
- Panhead 60ci (983cc) & 74ci (1212cc)
- Shovelhead 74ci (1212cc) & 80ci (1310cc)
- Evolution 82ci (1343cc)
- Twincam 88ci (1442cc) & 95ci (1556cc) (88/96ci bore 3.75in (95.25mm) & 4.00in stroke on 88ci (101.6 mm)
- Twincam 96ci (1584cc) & 103ci (1690cc)(96/103ci bore 3.875in (98.40mm) & 4.38in stroke on 96ci (111.25 mm)
- 2017-Milwaukee-Eight 107ci (1746cc) & 114ci (1868cc) & 117ci (1923cc)
- 2016-Milwaukee-Eight 114ci (1868cc)
; References:
- {{cite web| url = http://www.american-v.co.uk/ORIGINAL/heritage/timeline/pottedhist1/index.html| title = A Potted History of Harley-Davidson: Part 1 1903-1954| first = Andy| last = Hornsby| publisher = American-V| location = Crewe, UK| accessdate = 2011-04-04| url-status = dead| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110211051550/http://www.american-v.co.uk/ORIGINAL/heritage/timeline/pottedhist1/index.html| archivedate = 2011-02-11}}
- {{cite book|editor= Mitchell, D.|title= Harley-Davidson Chronicle - An American Original|year= 1997|publisher= Publications International Limited|isbn= 0-7853-2514-X|url-access= registration|url= https://archive.org/details/harleydavidsonch0000mitc_u3q3}}
- Henshaw, Peter, Kerr, Ian, "The Encyclopedia of the Harley-Davidson", 2001, Chartwell Books, Inc., {{ISBN|0-7858-1274-1}}
- [https://www.devittinsurance.com/guides/motorcycle-features/harley-davidson-engines/ Flatheads, Knuckleheads, Panheads, Shovelheads | A Guide to Harley-Davidson Engines], Devitt Insurance, 2021.
- [https://www.motorbikedude.com/milwaukee-107-vs-114/
Milwaukee 107 Vs 114 [Differences, Reasons & Facts] ]