Hatutu

{{Short description|Island in French Polynesia}}

{{Infobox islands

| name = Hatutu (Hatuta‘a)

| local_name =

| map_image = Nwmarqpic.png

| map_caption = Image of northwestern Marquesas Islands. Hatutu is the center island. Image courtesy of Johnson Space Center.

| location = South Pacific Ocean

| coordinates = {{Coord|7.92|S|140.57|W|type:isle_region:PF|display=inline,title}}

| archipelago = Marquesas Islands

| waterbody =

| area_km2 = 18.1

| area_footnotes =

| coastline_km =

| coastline_footnotes =

| elevation_m = 428

| elevation_footnotes =

| highest_mount =

| country = France

| country_admin_divisions_title = Overseas country

| country_admin_divisions = French Polynesia

| population = 0{{cite web |url=http://www.ispf.pf/docs/default-source/rp2017/repart_poplegale_iles_2017_v3.pdf?sfvrsn=2 |title=Répartition de la population en Polynésie française en 2017 |publisher= Institut de la statistique de la Polynésie française |url-status=dead |page=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113154511/http://www.ispf.pf/docs/default-source/rp2017/repart_poplegale_iles_2017_v3.pdf?sfvrsn=2 |archive-date=13 November 2018}}

| population_as_of = 2017

| density_km2 = 0

}}

Hatutu (also called Hatuta‘a) is a small island approximately 3 km (2 mi.) northeast of Eiao in the northern Marquesas Islands. It is approximately 3 km (2 mi) from Eiao by a channel 50 meters deep. It was also known by the names Hancock, Chanal, Langdon, and Nexsen

Hatutu is administratively part of the commune (municipality) of Nuku-Hiva, itself in the administrative subdivision of the Marquesas Islands.

It consists of a high central ridge, which runs the full 6.5 km (4 mi.) length of the island. The ridge rises to heights up to 428 m (1,404 ft.) above sea level.{{cite web |url=http://www.environnement.pf/spip.php?rubrique62 |title=Hatutu |publisher=DIREN |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605120323/http://www.environnement.pf/spip.php?rubrique62 |archive-date=5 June 2013}} Its only anchorage point is in the south of the island for small ships.

File:Hatutu map 513416036 14c5d4a53f o.jpg

The island was discovered by an American named Joseph Ingraham in April of 1791, then again two months later by a Frenchman known as Étienne Marchand. There have never been permanent settlement on the island, however in 1798 Edmund Fanning reported seeing smoke plumes, suggesting temporary settlement by native people.{{Cite web |date=2017-07-12 |title=Early Observations of Marquesan Culture, 1595–1813 |url=https://uapress.arizona.edu/book/early-observations-of-marquesan-culture-1595-1813 |access-date=2024-06-24 |website=UAPress |language=en-US}} In 1992, Hatutu was declared a nature reserve: the Hatutu Nature Reserve.

The island is an important nesting ground for red-footed booby, black noddy, white tern, great frigatebird, and masked booby, and home to the endemic northern Marquesan reed warbler and the Marquesan ground dove. It is also the largest breeding site of Phoenix Petrel in French Polynesia Many native seabirds come to nest on the island throughout the year. The island is also plagued by Polynesian rat (Rattus exulens) a species introduced by humans sometime in the last several hundred years. The rats likely prey upon native animals and plants potentially changing the ecosystem dynamic on the island.