Hausstock
{{short description|Mountain in Switzerland}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Hausstock
| photo = Hausstock und Ruchi.jpg
| photo_caption = The north-west face of the Hausstock
| elevation_m = 3158
| elevation_ref =
| prominence_m = 655
| parent_peak = Tödi
| prominence_ref = Retrieved from the Swisstopo topographic maps. The key col is the Kistenpass at 2,503 metres.
| isolation_km = 9.8
| isolation_ref = Retrieved from Google Earth. The nearest point of higher elevation is east of the Bifertenstock.
| map = Switzerland
| map_caption = Location in Switzerland
| location = Glarus/Graubünden, Switzerland
| range = Glarus Alps
| coordinates = {{coord|46|52|32|N|9|4|0|E|type:mountain_region:CH_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| range_coordinates =
| listing = Alpine mountains above 3000 m
| topo =
| type =
| age =
| first_ascent = 1832
| easiest_route = South ridge
}}
The Hausstock is a mountain in the Glarus Alps, at an elevation of {{convert|3158|m|ft|abbr=on}} on the border between the cantons of Glarus and Graubünden. It overlooks the valleys of Linth and Sernf rivers in Glarus, and the valley of the Vorderrhein river in Graubünden. The Hausstock was the site of the 1799 withdrawal of the Russian army under General Alexander Suvorov. A well-known destination already in the nineteenth century with British and American climbers, the mountain remains popular with mountain climbers and skiers.
Geography and geology
The Hausstock overlooks the valleys of Linth and Sernf rivers in Glarus, and valley of the Vorderrhein river in Graubünden. The nearest settlements are the villages of Linthal (in the Linth valley), Elm (in the Sernf valley) and Pigniu (on the slopes of the Vorderrhein valley). Administratively, the mountain lies in the municipalities of Glarus Süd, Ilanz/Glion and Andiast.{{cite map | publisher = Swiss Confederation | title = map.geo.admin.ch | url = http://s.geo.admin.ch/65049b1a4a | access-date = 2015-06-09}}
The Richetli Pass to the north of the mountain connects the villages of Elm and Linthal, reaching an elevation of {{convert|2261|m|ft|abbr=on}} and separating the Hausstock from the Kärpf mountain. The Panix Pass to the south-east connects the villages of Elm and Pigniu, reaching an elevation of {{convert|2404|m|ft|abbr=on}}. Both passes carry only rough hiking trails, although the Richetli Pass forms part of the Alpine Pass Route, a long-distance hiking trail across Switzerland between Sargans and Montreux.{{cite book | title = Trekking in the Alps | first = Kev | last = Reynolds |author-link=Kev Reynolds| pages = 124–135 | chapter = Trek 10 - Alpine Pass Route | publisher = Cicerone | year = 2011 | isbn = 978-1-85284-600-8}}
The Hausstock is connected to the summit of the Ruchi to the south-west by a {{convert|2|km|mi|abbr=on|adj=on}} long ridge.
Like the rest of the nummulite formation of the high Glarus Alps, the Hausstock contains fine-grained black sandstone.{{cite book
| last = Keller
| first = Ferdinand
| author-link = Ferdinand Keller (antiquity scholar)
|editor=J.E. Lee
|translator=Lee
| title = The lake dwellings of Switzerland and other parts of Europe
| publisher = Longman, Greens
| year = 1866
| location = London
| page = [https://archive.org/details/lakedwellingsofs00kelluoft/page/18 18]
| url = https://archive.org/details/lakedwellingsofs00kelluoft
}} The mountain is part of the Glarus thrust, a major thrust fault; the top layer consists of Verrucano formations, 250-300 Ma old, on top of chalk, 100-150 Ma, and flysch, 35-50 Ma.{{cite journal| title =Nomination der Glarner Hauptüberschiebung zum UNESCO Weltnaturerbe| publisher =Impergeologie AG| url =http://www.impergeologie.ch/pdf/unesco.pdf| access-date =2009-03-23| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20090326164924/http://www.impergeologie.ch/pdf/unesco.pdf| archive-date =2009-03-26}} p. 11. In 2008, the thrust was declared a geotope, a geologic UNESCO World Heritage Site, under the name Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona.{{cite web
| title = Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona
| publisher = UNESCO
| year = 2008
| url = https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1179
| access-date = 2009-03-23}}See also {{cite web| title =The Glarus overthrust--a singular tectonic phenomenon| publisher =GeoPark Sarganserland-Walensee-Glarnerland| year =2008| url =http://www.glarusoverthrust.org/| access-date =2009-03-23| url-status =usurped| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110711042506/http://www.glarusoverthrust.org/| archive-date =2011-07-11}} The Glarus thrust can clearly be seen on the mountain at approximately {{convert|2950|m|ft|0}}.{{cite web| title =Route E1: Sardonahütte SAC – Alp Foo| publisher =Glarner Wanderwege| url =http://www.glarnerwanderwege.ch/wandern/geopark/route_e1.htm| access-date =2009-03-23| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://archive.today/20130116084631/http://www.glarnerwanderwege.ch/wandern/geopark/route_e1.htm| archive-date =2013-01-16}}{{cite web
| last = Städeli
| first = Hans
| title = Zwei-Tageswanderung mit dem Bergklub (40 Jahre Jubiläum)
| publisher = Bergklub Sankt Gallen
| date = June 2008
| url = http://www.bergclub-sanktgallen.ch/Dateien%20Berichte%20ohne%20Sommerlager/TB0806ju.pdf
| access-date = 2009-03-23
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090326164924/http://www.bergclub-sanktgallen.ch/Dateien%20Berichte%20ohne%20Sommerlager/TB0806ju.pdf
History
In October 1799, Russian General Alexander Suvorov made a strategic retreat from the French Revolutionary forces in Italy over the Panix Pass. The event is frequently mentioned in British mountain guides from the nineteenth century, adding interest to the mountain, and still attracts tourists to the area.{{cite news
| last = Lieberman
| first = Marcia R.
| title = Where Cossacks Crossed the Alps
| newspaper = New York Times
| date = 1991-03-17
| url = https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/17/travel/where-cossacks-crossed-the-alps.html
| access-date = 2009-03-23}} A plaque in Paxis commemorates the event.{{cite web
| title = Suvorov
| publisher = SummitPost
| year = 2006
| url = http://www.summitpost.org/image/242020/242014/suvorov.html
| access-date = 2009-03-23}} Today, there is still a military presence: the Swiss army maintains a firing range for tanks; the army "even uses mine throwers to target the glacier on the upper flanks of the 3,000-metre high Hausstock Mountain."{{cite web
| last = Bechtel
| first = Dale
| title = Visiting Elm
| publisher = Swissinfo.com
| date = 2002-09-26
| url = http://www.swissinfo.org/eng/swiss_news/Visiting_Elm.html?siteSect=204&sid=1361473&cKey=1135685238000&ty=st
| archive-url = https://archive.today/20130415214211/http://www.swissinfo.org/eng/swiss_news/Visiting_Elm.html?siteSect=204&sid=1361473&cKey=1135685238000&ty=st
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = April 15, 2013
| access-date = 2009-03-23
}}
According to the American mountaineer W. A. B. Coolidge, the first ascent of the mountain was made in 1832.{{cite book
| last = Coolidge
| first = William Augustus Brevoort
| author-link = W. A. B. Coolidge
| title = The Alps in Nature and History
| publisher = E.P. Dutton and company
| year = 1908
| page = 398
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=btYoAAAAYAAJ
}}
The trek through the pass, under the shadow of the mountain, is described extensively in the works of the famous Irish naturalist and alpinist John Ball,{{cite book
| last = Ball
| first = John
| author-link = John Ball (naturalist)
| title = The Alpine guide
| publisher = Longman, Roberts, & Green
| year = 1864
| location = London
| pages = 220–221
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=4A4IAAAAQAAJ
}} The route is reprinted in {{cite book
| last = Ball
| first = John
| title = The Central Alps, including the Bernese Oberland, and all Switzerland excepting the neighbourhood of Monte Rosa and the Great St. Bernard: with Lombardy, and the adjoining portion of Tyrol. Being the second part of the Alpine guide
| publisher = Longmans, Green, and co
| year = 1873
| location = London
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0oMSAAAAYAAJ
}} who mentioned the Hausstock in many of his works.As early as 1860 in {{cite book
| last = Ball
| first = John
| title = Peaks, Passes, and Glaciers: A Series of Excursions by Members of the Alpine Club
| publisher = Longman, Green, Longman, & Roberts
| year = 1860
| pages = 268–69
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Wn0SAAAAYAAJ
}}
The Hausstock is one stage in what William Martin Conway, president of the Alpine Club from 1902 to 1904, called the "North Tour through the Alps," a route popular in the nineteenth century with British and American travelers; the mountain was often reached via a long ridge that connects it to neighboring Ruchi,{{cite web
|last = Heim
|first = Beat
|title = Between trips: 2007, Hausstock - Ruchi traverse
|publisher = Betzgi.ch
|url = http://www.betzgi.ch/en/main/between-trips/2007.html
|access-date = 2009-03-23
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071104012554/http://www.betzgi.ch/en/main/between-trips/2007.html
|archive-date = 2007-11-04
}} at {{convert|3107|m|ft|0}}.{{cite book
| last = Conway
| first = William Martin
|author2=William Augustus Brevoort Coolidge
| title = The Alps from end to end
| publisher = A. Constable
| year = 1900
| pages = 164–69
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=AKVCAAAAIAAJ
}} Originally published in 1895. The Hausstock is the highest of the mountains around the village of Elm, from which it is usually ascended;
{{cite book
| last = Ball
| first = John
| title = The Central Alps
| publisher = Longmans, Green, and co
| year = 1907
| pages = 258–59
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZsXAAAAYAAJ
}} it continues to be a popular mountain to climb,
{{cite summitpost
| title = Hausstock 3158m
| id = 242014
| accessdate = 2009-03-23}} and there is a mountain hut, the Panixerpasshütte, in the Panix pass.{{cite web
| title = Panixerpasshütte
| publisher = VCS Hospa Soft
| url = http://www.vs-wallis.ch/glarus/huetverz/panixerpassh.html
}}
Today, the Hausstock is a popular wintersports resort, accessible via the village of Elm with a ski lift system installed in the early 2000s. The "Hausstock" ski tour{{cite web
| title = Ski-Tour Hausstock (3158 m.ü.M.)
| publisher = Topin Travel
| url = http://touren.topin.travel/tour/hausstock-(3158-m.%C3%BC.m.)-schweiz-glarner-alpen-S00009.html
| access-date = 2009-03-23}} is said to be "incredible.... Long and varied with a rewarding view from the summit."
References
{{Reflist|40em}}
External links
- {{Commons category-inline|Hausstock}}
- [http://www.summitpost.org/hausstock-3158m/242014 Hausstock on Summitpost]
- [http://www.hikr.org/dir/Hausstock_2415/ Hausstock on Hikr]
{{Authority control}}
Category:Mountains of the Alps
Category:Alpine three-thousanders
Category:Mountains of Switzerland
Category:Mountains of the canton of Glarus
Category:Mountains of Graubünden