Havatzelet

The newspaper was primarily concerned with affairs and news in the city of Jerusalem, and was founded as a competitor to HaLevanon, which was the newspaper for the Perushim of the time, while Havatzelet was influenced by Hasidic thought{{Cite web |date=2024-06-14 |title=The Misadventures of the Printer Israel Bak |url=https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/history/articles/misadventures-printer-israel-bak |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=Tablet Magazine}} and some Sephardic Jewish thought. Each newspaper had a section dedicated to the settlement of Eretz Yisroel by Jewish immigrants. It ceased printing after its fifth issue in 1864,{{Cite book |last=Muraoka |first=T. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zgScDwAAQBAJ |title=A Dream Come True |date=2019-04-16 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-429-71985-1 |pages=112 |language=en}} at the same time as the closure of HaLevanon, and was renewed again in 1870.{{Cite book |last=Ben-Arieh |first=Yehoshua |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GHHsDwAAQBAJ |title=The Making of Eretz Israel in the Modern Era: A Historical-Geographical Study (1799–1949) |date=2020-03-09 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG |isbn=978-3-11-062640-7 |pages=184 |language=en}}

After its revival in 1870, the slogan Mevaseret Zion ({{Langx|he|מבשרת ציון|4=Herald of Zion}}), was added above the main headline,{{Cite journal |last=Nedava |first=Joseph |date=1985 |title=Projects for the Latinization of the Hebrew Script |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44898453 |journal=Hebrew Studies |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=138 |issn=0146-4094}} and in October 1871, at the beginning of its second year, it became a weekly publication. The newspaper sought to promote a sense of prosperity in order to attract settlers to the then-Ottoman Palestine, including publications of travel stories by Yehoshua Yellin, which began starting in issue 19 of 1871, as well as articles by Rabbi Judah Alkalai,{{Cite web |last=Katz |first=C.V. |date=2018 |title=THE LIFE OF THE JEWS OF PALESTINE AS DESCRIBED IN HALAKHIC AND RABBINIC LITERATURE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY |url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/33813/1/11010603.pdf |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=SOAS University of London}} who promoted the idea that it was a mitzvah to make Aliyah. The paper also featured attacks against Rabbi Aharon Yehuda Leib Horowitz, who encouraged Jews to immigrate to the United States.{{Cite web |title=An important collection of 'Havatzelet' sheets. Years: 1898- 1901 |url=https://dynasty-auctions.com/en/items/an-important-collection-of-havatzelet-sheets-years-1898-1901/ |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=Dynasty |language=en-US}} All printed material was under the editorship of Frumkin and his opinions.

In 1882, Eliezer Ben-Yehuda became the executive editor of the paper,{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2018-09-12 |title=How to revive an ancient language, according to 19th-century Hebrew and Persian revivalists |url=https://jewishstudies.washington.edu/israel-hebrew/reviving-hebrew-persian-ancient-languages-eliezer-ben-yehuda-manekji-limji-hataria/ |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=UW Stroum Center for Jewish Studies |language=en-US}}{{Citation |last=Soffer |first=Oren |title=Chapter 1. Th e Evolution of the Hebrew and Israeli Press |date=2014-11-01 |work=Mass Communication In Israel: Nationalism, Globalization, and Segmentation |pages=17–74 |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781782384526-003/pdf?licenseType=restricted |access-date=2025-01-25 |publisher=Berghahn Books |language=en |doi=10.1515/9781782384526-003/pdf?licensetype=restricted |isbn=978-1-78238-452-6}} which he had agreed to do under the condition that Frumkin provide lodgings for him and his fiancée, Dvora,{{Cite web |last=Bar-Am |first=Aviva |last2=Bar-Am |first2=Shmuel |title=If these walls could speak: Hebrew pioneer Ben-Yehuda’s legacy lives on in Jerusalem |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/if-these-walls-could-speak-hebrew-pioneer-ben-yehudas-legacy-lives-on-in-jerusalem/ |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US}} and from then until 1883, the newspaper (with Ben-Yehuda as a foreign correspondent) fought against Alliance Israélite Universelle, as well as the officials of Edmond James de Rothschild,{{Cite journal |last=Platonically |first=Alexandru-Florin |date=2022 |title=THE HISTORY OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE LAND OF ISRAEL (FROM 1884 TO 1914) |url=https://history.uaic.ro/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/rezumat-EN-ohana.pdf |journal="ALEXANDRU IOAN CUZA" UNIVERSITY OF IAȘI Faculty of History |pages=32–33 |access-date=2025-01-25}} who, in Ben-Yehuda's opinion, were slowing the development of the Jewish community in Ottoman Palestine.{{Cite journal |last=Kouts |first=Gideon |last2=קוץ |first2=גדעון |date=2007 |title=בן יהודה, עיתונאי עברי בפריז ו"המודל הצרפתי" של העיתונות בסוף המאה ה- 19 / "For his glory, for the Hebrew writer, is to imitate Europea writers": Ben-Yehuda, a Hebrew Journalist in Paris, and the "French Model" of Journalism at the End of the 19 th Century |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23492254 |journal=Revue Européenne des Études Hébraïques |issue=12 |pages=57 |issn=1280-9640}} He was a staunch proponent of the revival of the Hebrew language, as was the paper's editorial staff.{{Cite book |last=Katz |first=Dikla Rivlin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-CyaDwAAQBAJ |title=A Question of Identity: Social, Political, and Historical Aspects of Identity Dynamics in Jewish and Other Contexts |last2=Hacham |first2=Noah |last3=Herman |first3=Geoffrey |last4=Sagiv |first4=Lilach |date=2019-06-04 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG |isbn=978-3-11-061281-3 |pages=287 |language=en}} In 1883, Frumkin appointed Yaakov Goldman as editor, and Ben-Yehuda went to edit HaZvi, causing a more moderate political view from Havetzalet.

Some writers that joined following Goldman's appointment included {{Ill|Eleazar Rokach|he|אלעזר רוקח}}, Bak's grandson, Naftali Herz Imber, the author of Hatikvah,{{Cite journal |date=1995 |title=מאמרים ותקצירים באנגלית / English Abstracts of Hebrew Articles |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23911270 |journal=Kesher / קשר |issue=17 |pages=13e–26e |issn=0792-0113}} Avraham Orenstein, David Yellin, Raphael Meir Panigel, the Rishon LeZion, Yechiel Michel Pines,{{Citation |last=Salmon |first=Yosef |title=VI. Y. M. PINES–LEADER OF PALESTINE JEWRY |date=2013-11-15 |work=Do Not Provoke Providence: Orthodoxy in the Grip of Nationalism |pages=192–212 |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9781618110725-009/pdf?licenseType=restricted |access-date=2025-01-25 |publisher=Academic Studies Press |language=en |doi=10.1515/9781618110725-009/pdf?licensetype=restricted |isbn=978-1-61811-072-5}} Yosef Rivlin, and Simon Bacher, among others.

Following the decline of the newspaper's popularity, many other newspapers in the region popped up, including Moriah, and Do'ar HaYom.

In 1883, the newspaper published an article, "An American and yet a Despot", directed towards American minister to the Ottoman Empire, Lew Wallace. This criticism lead to a freeze on publication and Frumkin was subsequently jailed for 45 days by Ottoman officials, on account of his criticism of the government.{{Cite book |last=Adler |first=Cyrus |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0DkyAQAAMAAJ |title=The Jewish encyclopedia: a descriptive record of the history, religion, literature, and customs of the Jewish people from the earliest times to the present day |date=1906 |publisher=Funk and Wagnalls |pages=524 |language=en |chapter=FRUMKIN, ISRAEL DOB (BÄR)}} The incident stemmed from a disturbance regarding "hooligans" breaking into a prayer service at the Western Wall on Tisha B'Av, and international reaction to the ensuing squabble.{{Cite book |last=Davis |first=Moshe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3pLDEAAAQBAJ |title=America and the Holy Land |date=1995-01-24 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-0-313-02084-1 |pages=67 |language=en}}

Havatzelet, also the name of its priting house, was established with funds provided by Moses Montefiore as part of his productivity program.{{Cite web |date=2021-09-13 |title=The legacy of Prof. Uriel Reichman and IDC Herzliya |url=https://www.jpost.com/j-spot/the-legacy-of-prof-uriel-riechman-and-idc-herzliya-678986 |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com |language=en}} It was used, among other things, as an advertisement for the printing house, which was located on the flagship street in the Muslim Quarter of Jerusalem,{{Cite book |last=Klein |first=Menachem |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n9smDAAAQBAJ |title=Lives in Common: Arabs and Jews in Jerusalem, Jaffa and Hebron |date=2014-01-11 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-025718-7 |pages=43 |language=en}} which was known as the Havatzelet Courtyard, which was temporarily the home of Ben-Yehuda.

It was the first Hebrew language newspaper to be printed in the region for more than 40 years. A street in the center of Jerusalem, near Zion Square, Havatzelet Street, is named after it.{{Cite web |title=Israel Dov Frumkin |url=https://www.streetsigns.co.il/signDetails.asp?s=3349 |access-date=2025-01-25 |website=www.streetsigns.co.il}}

{{Authority control|qid=Q1068564}}

Category:Defunct newspapers published in Jerusalem

Category:Defunct Hebrew-language newspapers

Category:1863 establishments in the Ottoman Empire

Category:1911 disestablishments in the Ottoman Empire

Category:Yishuv newspapers