Health 3.0
Health 3.0 is a health-related extension of the concept of Web 3.0 whereby the users' interface with the data and information available on the web is personalized to optimize their experience.{{cite web|url=http://www.labnol.org/internet/web-3-concepts-explained/8908/|title=What is Web 3.0? Semantic Web & other Web 3.0 Concepts Explained in Plain English|work=Digital Inspiration|access-date=December 10, 2011|archive-date=December 1, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091201195313/http://www.labnol.org/internet/web-3-concepts-explained/8908/|url-status=dead}} This is based on the concept of the Semantic Web, wherein websites' data is accessible for sorting in order to tailor the presentation of information based on user preferences.{{cite web|url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=the-semantic-web|title=The Semantic Web|work=scientificamerican.com|access-date=December 9, 2011}} Health 3.0 will use such data access to enable individuals to better retrieve and contribute to personalized health-related information within networked electronic health records, and social networking resources.{{cite web|url=http://www.econtentmag.com/Articles/ArticleReader.aspx?ArticleID=69404|title=Healthy Knowledge: Semantic Technology & the Healthcare Revolution|author=Tony Shaw|date=17 August 2010|work=EContent Magazine|access-date= December 9, 2011}}{{cite journal|last=Nash|first=David B.|title=Health 3.0|journal=P&T|year=2008|pmc=2730068|pmid=19749994|volume=33|issue=2|pages=69–75}}{{cite journal |author=Giustini, D. |date=2007|title= Web 3.0 and medicine: make way for the semantic web |journal= British Medical Journal |volume= 335 |issue=7633|pages=1273–1274|doi=10.1136/bmj.39428.494236.BE|pmid=18156223|pmc=2151149|doi-access=free }}
Health 3.0 has also been described as the idea of semantically organizing electronic health records to create an Open Healthcare Information Architecture.{{cite web|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/2010/05/prweb3957314.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100507085416/http://www.prweb.com/releases/2010/05/prweb3957314.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 7, 2010|title=SemTech 2010 Speaks Out About Health 3.0 -- Open Healthcare Information Architecture|date=5 May 2010|work=PRWeb}} Health care could also make use of social media, and incorporate virtual tools for enhanced interactions between health care providers and consumers/patients.{{cite journal | author = Shachak A., Jadad A.R. | year = 2010 | title = Electronic Health Records in the Age of Social Networks and Global Telecommunications | journal = Journal of the American Medical Association | volume = 303 | issue = 5| pages = 452–453 | doi=10.1001/jama.2010.63| pmid = 20124543 }}
Goals
- Improved access to health related information on the web via semantic and networked resources will facilitate an improved understanding of health issues with the goal of increasing patient self-management, preventative care and enhancing health professional expertise.
- Health 3.0 will foster the creation and maintenance of supportive virtual communities within which individuals can help one another understand, cope with, and manage common health-related issues.
- Personalized social networking resources can also serve as a medium for health professionals to improve individuals' access to healthcare expertise, and to facilitate health professional-to-many-patients communication with the goal of improved acceptance, understanding and adherence to best therapeutic options.
- "Digital healing" has been described as a goal of health 3.0. It involves patients obtaining reassurance, support, and validation from others via social media.{{cite web|url=http://bigthink.com/ideas/38246?page=all|title=Health 3.0: Baby Boomers, Social Media & the Evolution of Digital Healing|author=Joseph F. Coughlin|work=Big Think}}
- Health 3.0 is recommended to be able to gather imparted data through web-based technologies. Consumers and experts are to be connected by virtual reasoning tools – an expert system. The expert system that can use the collected information through the web-based technologies represent health 3.0.{{cite web | url=http://www.enhancedmd.com/EMD_VirtualReasonWP.pdf | title=Virtual Reasoning Redefining Healthcare Through Health 3.0 | publisher=Enhanced Medical Decisions Inc. | author=Marlene Beggelman | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815062906/http://www.enhancedmd.com/EMD_VirtualReasonWP.pdf | archive-date=2011-08-15}}
The current situation
Social networking is a popular and powerful tool for engaging patients in their health care. These virtual communities provide a real-time resource for obtaining health-related knowledge and counselling.{{cite web|url=http://www.jmir.org/2008/3/e22/|title=JMIR-Medicine 2.0: Social Networking, Collaboration, Participation, Apomediation, and Openness - Eysenbach - Journal of Medical Internet Research|work=Journal of Medical Internet Research}} Pew Internet and American Life Project report that greater than 90% of young adults and nearly three quarters of all Americans access the internet on a regular basis. Greater than 60% of online adults regularly access social networking resources. In addition, 80% of internet users search for health-related information.{{cite web|url=http://pewinternet.org/|title=Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Technology|date=8 October 2015|work=pewinternet.org}} Definitive evidence of health benefit from interaction with health-related virtual communities is currently lacking as further research needs to be performed.{{cite journal |vauthors=Eysenbach G, Powell J, Englesakis M, Rizo C, Stern A| year = 2004 | title = Health related virtual communities and electronic support groups: systematic review of the effects of online peer to peer interactions | journal = BMJ | volume = 328 | issue = 7449 | pages = 1–6 | doi=10.1136/bmj.328.7449.1166| pmc = 411092 | pmid = 15142921 }}
Challenges
Many local communities face challenges implementing a Public Health 3.0 model. Public Health at a local level has been unable to integrate information technology.{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Y. Claire |last2=DeSalvo |first2=Karen |title=Timely, Granular, and Actionable: Informatics in the Public Health 3.0 Era |journal=American Journal of Public Health |date=2018 |volume=108 |issue=7 |page=931 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.2018.304406 |pmid=29771614 |pmc=5993377 }} Furthermore, Health Departments face financial and resource shortages, specifically reduced government spending for public health.{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Y. Claire |last2=DeSalvo |first2=Karen |title=Timely, Granular, and Actionable: Informatics in the Public Health 3.0 Era |journal=American Journal of Public Health |date=2018 |volume=108 |issue=7 |page=932 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.2018.304406 |pmid=29771614 |pmc=5993377 }}