Hearing Voices Network

The first hearing voices network was founded in the Netherlands in 1987 by the Dutch psychiatrist Marius Romme, the science journalist, Sandra Escher, and voice hearer, Patsy Hage.Escher S. Romme M. The Hearing Voices Movement, Chapter 28 page 385 in “Hallucinations” by Jan Dirk Blom and Iris E.C. Sommer, Editors Springer, New York; Dordrecht; Heidelberg; London (2012). This was followed by the founding of the UK network in 1988 based in Manchester, England. Subsequently networks have been established in 29 countries over the world, including Australia, Canada, the UK, and the United States.INTERVOICE World Map https://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=206854668906561198640.0004d62ee0abdfd28256e&dg=feature The first 15 years of the global networks' development is outlined by Adam James in his book Raising Our Voices (2001).Adam James, Raising Our Voices: An Account of the Hearing Voices Movement, Handsell Publishing (2001)

The National and Regional Networks are affiliated with the international umbrella organization known as [http://www.intervoiceonline.org INTERVOICE] (The International Network for Training Education and Research into Hearing Voices) and often referred to as the Hearing Voices Movement. Within these international networks, the combined experience of voice-hearers and professionals have overseen the development of ways of working with people who hear voices, drawing on the value of peer support and helping people live peacefully and positively with their experiences.

The principal roles of Hearing Voices Networks are as follows:

1. To support and develop local Hearing Voices Support Groups
2. Raise awareness of the hearing voices approach
3. To campaign for human rights and social justice for people who hear voices
4. To provide information, advice and support to people who hear voices, their family, friends
5. To provide training and education for mental health services and practitioners

These networks are designed to support voice hearers specifically through local hearing voices support groups, where people who hear voices are afforded the opportunity in a non-medical setting to share their experiences, coping mechanisms, and explanatory frameworks. These groups are run in different ways and some are exclusive to individuals who hear voices, while others are supported by mental health workers.{{cite journal|last1=Bracken|first1=Pat|title=Postpsychiatry: a new direction for mental health|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=322|date=24 March 2001|url= |pmid=11264215|doi=10.1136/bmj.322.7288.724|last2=Thomas|first2=P|issue=7288|pages=724–7|pmc=1119907}} Groups are based in a range of settings, from community centers, libraries, churches, child and adolescent mental health services, prisons, and inpatient units.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}

Groups are designed to function as peer support groups meant foster socialization and belonging, not therapy and treatment.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}} Members are encouraged to talk about their experiences, to learn what the voices mean to them, and how to gain control over their experiences.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}} Should members desire to, groups can help members explore the relationship between their life history and their experience of hearing voices.Casstevens, Willa J.; Coker, Joy; Sanders, Tia D. (2012) Mentored Self-Help: A Promising Approach to Exploring Voices, Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry, Volume 14, Number 2, pp. 110-124(15)

Studies show that members found attending hearing voices groups a largely positive experience, being able to share their experiences and explore and experiment with different coping strategies.{{Cite journal |last1=Longden |first1=Eleanor |last2=Read |first2=John |last3=Dillon |first3=Jacqui |date=June 21, 2017 |title=Assessing the Impact and Effectiveness of Hearing Voices Network Self-Help Groups |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10597-017-0148-1 |journal=Community Mental Health Journal |volume=54 |issue=2 |pages=184–188 |doi=10.1007/s10597-017-0148-1 |pmid=28638952 |s2cid=26605078 |via=SpringerLink}} Members also said that attending improved their self esteem, helped them make friends, and allowed them to feel more prepared for the future.

Studies have found that after attending hearing voices groups, members' hospital bed use decreased and there was a trend for less formal admissions.Meddings S, Walley L, Collins T, Tullett F, McEwan B, Owen K. Are hearing voices groups effective? A

preliminary evaluation. Unpublished manuscript, Sussex, UK. Retrieved from: http://www.intervoiceonline.

org/wpcontent/uploads/2011/03/Voiceseval.pdf. 2004 People's relationships with the voices were mostly improved and heard the voices less frequently. The voices were perceived as less powerful and having less control over them, and participants reported feeling better able to cope the voices and less alone. Importantly, evaluations showed that members improved in what they had identified as their own goals for the group.Meddings S, Walley L, Collins T, Tullett F, McEwan B. (2006) The voices don't like it. Mental Health Today. Sep:26-30.A Ruddle, O Mason, T Wykes (2011) A review of Hearing voices groups: Evidence and mechanisms of change, Clinical psychology review

National networks have developed considerably over the years and host websites, publish newsletters, guides to the voice hearing experience, and workbooks where individuals can record and explore their own experiences with voice hearing.{{cite journal|last=Martin|first=P.J.|title=Hearing voices and listening to those that hear them|journal=Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing|volume=7|issue=2|pages=135–41|year=2000|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2850.2000.00276.x|pmid=11146909}}

Romme has provided an intellectual basis for these groups in the book Accepting Voices, where he advocates a view that the hearing of voices is not necessarily an indication of mental illness and that patients should be encouraged to explore their voices and negotiate with them.Romme, M. A. J., Escher A. D. M. A. C. (Eds.). (1993). Accepting voices. London: Mind

{{reflist|30em}}

{{too much further reading|date=February 2024}}

;Books

• {{Cite book | last = Barker | first = Paul K. | title = The voice inside | publisher = Hearing Voices Network | location = Manchester, England | year = 2011 | orig-year = 1995 | oclc = 181679777 | url = http://www.hearing-voices.org/resources/ }}
• {{Cite book | last1 = Blackman | first1 = Lisa | title = Hearing voices, embodiment and experience | publisher = Free Association Books | location = London New York | year = 2001 | isbn = 9781853435331 }}
• {{Cite book | last1 = Coleman | first1 = Ron | last2 = Smith | first2 = Mike | title = Working with voices: victim to victor | publisher = Handsell | location = Newton-le-Willows, Merseyside | year = 1997 | isbn = 9781903199015 }}
• {{Citation |last1=Dillon |first1=Jacqui |last2=Longden |first2=Eleanor |contribution=Hearing voices groups: creating safe spaces to share taboo experiences |editor-last1=Romme |editor-first1=Marius A.J. |editor-last2=Escher |editor-first2=Sandra D. |editor-link1=Marius Romme |editor-link2=Sandra Escher |title=Psychosis as a personal crisis: an experience based approach |pages=129–139 |publisher=Routledge for The International Society for the Psychological Treatments of the Schizophrenias and other pychoses (ISPS) |location=Hove, East Sussex New York, New York |year=2011 |isbn=9780415673303 |postscript=.}}
• {{Cite book | editor-last = Downs | editor-first = Julie | title = Starting and supporting voices groups: a guide to setting up and running support groups for people who hear voices, see visions or experience tactile or other sensations | publisher = Hearing Voices Network | location = Manchester, England | year = 2001 | url = http://www.hearing-voices.org/resources/ }}
• {{Cite book | editor-last = Downs | editor-first = Julie | title = Coping with voices and visions: a guide to helping people who experience hearing voices, seeing visions, tactile or other sensations | publisher = Hearing Voices Network | location = Manchester England | year = 2001 | url = http://www.hearing-voices.org/resources/ }}
• {{cite book | last = James | first = Adam | title = Raising our voices: an account of the hearing voices movement | publisher = Handsell Publishing | year = 2001 | isbn = 9781903199138 }}
• {{cite book | last = Jaynes | first = Julian | author-link1 = Julian Jaynes | title = The origin of consciousness and the breakdown of the bicameral mind | publisher = Houghton Mifflin | location = Boston | year = 1976 | isbn = 9780395207291 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/originofconsciou00jaynrich }}
• {{Cite book | last1 = Leudar | first1 = Ivan | last2 = Thomas | first2 = Philip | title = Voices of reason, voices of insanity: studies of verbal hallucinations | publisher = Psychology Press | location = London New York | year = 2000 | isbn = 9780415147866 }}
• {{cite book | last = Longden | first = Eleanor | title = Learning from the voices in my head | publisher = TED Books | location = Cambridge | year = 2013 }}
• {{cite book | last = McCarthy-Jones | first = Simon | title = Hearing voices: the histories, causes, and meanings of auditory verbal hallucinations | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | year = 2012 | isbn = 9781139017534 }}
• {{cite book | last = Romme | first = Marius A.J. | author-link = Marius Romme | title = Understanding voices: coping with auditory hallucinations and confusing realities | publisher = Handsell Publications | location = Runcorn, Cheshire | year = 1996 | isbn = 9789072551092 }}
• {{cite book | last1 = Romme | first1 = Marius A.J. | last2 = Escher | first2 = Sandra D. | author-link1 = Marius Romme | author-link2 = Sandra Escher | title = Accepting voices | publisher = Mind Publications | location = London | year = 1992 | isbn = 9781874690139 }}
• {{cite book | last1 = Romme | first1 = Marius A.J. | last2 = Escher | first2 = Sandra D. | author-link1 = Marius Romme | author-link2 = Sandra Escher | title = Making sense of voices: the mental health professional's guide to working with voice-hearers | publisher = Mind Publications | location = London | year = 2000| isbn = 9781874690863 }}
• {{cite book | last1 = Romme | first1 = Marius A.J. | last2 = Escher | first2 = Sandra D. | last3 = Dillon | first3 = Jacqui | last4 = Corstens | first4 = Dirk | last5 = Morris | first5 = Mervyn | author-link1 = Marius Romme | author-link2 = Sandra Escher | title = Living with voices: 50 stories of recovery | publisher = PCCS Books in association with Birmingham City University | location = Herefordshire | year = 2009 | isbn = 9781906254223 }}
• {{Cite book | last = Watkins | first = John | title = Hearing voices: a common human experience | publisher = Michelle Anderson Publishing | location = Melbourne, Victoria | year = 2008 | orig-year = 1998 | isbn = 9780855723903 }}

;Articles, chapters and pamphlets

• {{cite news | last = Christine | first = A. | title = Heard but not seen | work = Independent on Sunday | date = 1990 | publisher = Independent Print Ltd. }}
• {{Cite journal | last = Barker | first = Paul K. | title = I hear voices and I'm glad to! | journal = Critical Public Health | volume = 1 | issue = 4 | pages = 21–27 | doi = 10.1080/09581599008406791 | date = October 1990 }}
• {{Cite journal | last = Barker | first = Paul K. | title = Accepting the inner voices | journal = Nursing Times | volume = 91 | issue = 31 | pages = 59–61 | publisher = Emap Publishing Ltd. | date = 1995 | pmid = 7638080 | url = http://www.nursingtimes.net/publication-index/ | access-date = 8 November 2015 | archive-date = 2 November 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151102025339/http://www.nursingtimes.net/publication-index | url-status = dead }}
• {{Cite book | last = Barker | first = Paul K. | title = Can you hear me, a research and practice summary | publisher = Psykiatrisk Opplysningsfond | location = Stavanger | year = 1996 | oclc = 472812459 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Barret | first1 = Terry R. | last2 = Etheridge | first2 = Jane B. | title = Verbal hallucinations in normals, I: people who hear 'voices' | journal = Applied Cognitive Psychology | volume = 6 | issue = 5 | pages = 379–387 | doi = 10.1002/acp.2350060503 | date = September–October 1992 }}
• {{Cite journal | last = Bentall | first = Richard P. | author-link1 = Richard Bentall | title = The illusion of reality: a review and integration of psychological research into psychotic hallucinations | journal = Psychological Bulletin | volume = 107 | issue = 1 | pages = 82–95 | pmid = 2404293 | date = January 1990 | doi=10.1037/0033-2909.107.1.82}}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Bentall | first1 = Richard P. | last2 = Jackson | first2 = Howard F. | last3 = Pilgrim | first3 = David | author-link1 = Richard Bentall | title = Abandoning the concept of "schizophrenia": some implications of validity arguments for psychological research into psychotic phenomena | journal = British Journal of Clinical Psychology | volume = 27 | issue = 4 | pages = 303–324 | doi = 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1988.tb00795.x | pmid = 3063319 | date = November 1988 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Bentall | first1 = Richard P. | last2 = Claridge | first2 = Gordon S. | last3 = Slade | first3 = Peter D. | author-link1 = Richard Bentall | author-link2 = Gordon Claridge | title = The multidimensional nature of schizotypal traits: a factor analytic study with normal subjects | journal = British Journal of Clinical Psychology | volume = 28 | issue = 4 | pages = 363–375 | doi = 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1989.tb00840.x | pmid = 2605389 | date = 1989 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Bentall | first1 = Richard P. | last2 = Haddock | first2 = Gillian | last3 = Slade | first3 = Peter D. | author-link1 = Richard Bentall | title = Cognitive behaviour therapy for persistent auditory hallucinations: from theory to therapy | journal = Behavioral Psychotherapy | volume = 25 | issue = 1 | pages = 51–56 | doi = 10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80145-5 | date = Winter 1994 | doi-access = free }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Bentall | first1 = Richard P. | last2 = Kaney | first2 = Sue | last3 = Dewey | first3 = Michael E. | author-link1 = Richard Bentall | title = Paranoia and social reasoning: an attribution theory analysis | journal = British Journal of Clinical Psychology | volume = 30 | issue = 1 | pages = 13–23 | doi = 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1991.tb00915.x | pmid = 2021784 | date = February 1991 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Bentall | first1 = Richard P. | last2 = Slade | first2 = Peter D | author-link1 = Richard Bentall | title = Reliability of a scale for measuring disposition towards hallucinations: a brief report | journal = Personality and Individual Differences | volume = 6 | issue = 4 | pages = 527–529 | doi = 10.1016/0191-8869(85)90151-5 | date = 1985 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Bentall | first1 = Richard P. | last2 = Haddock | first2 = Gillian | last3 = Slade | first3 = Peter D. | author-link1 = Richard Bentall | title = Cognitive behaviour therapy for persistent auditory hallucinations | journal = Behaviour Therapy | volume = 25 | issue = 1 | pages = 51–66 | doi = 10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80145-5 | date = Winter 1994 | doi-access = free }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Chadwick | first1 = Paul | last2 = Birchwood | first2 = Max J. | title = Challenging the omnipotence of voices: a cognitive approach to auditory hallucinations | journal = British Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 164 | issue = 2 | pages = 190–201 | doi = 10.1192/bjp.164.2.190 | pmid = 8173822 | date = February 1994 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.413.7816 | s2cid = 6659161 }} [Challenging the omnipotence of voices: a cognitive approach to auditory hallucinations Pdf.]
• {{Cite journal | last = Cullberg | first = Johan | author-link = Johan Cullberg | title = Recovered versus non-recovered schizophrenic patients among those who have had intensive psychotherapy | journal = Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica | volume = 84 | issue = 3 | pages = 242–245 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb03137.x | date = September 1991 | pmid = 1950624 | s2cid = 37533906 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Eaton | first1 = William W. | last2 = Romanoski | first2 = Alan | last3 = Anthony | first3 = James C. | last4 = Nestadt | first4 = Gerald James | author-link3 = James C. Anthony | title = Screening for psychosis in the general population with a self-report interview | journal = Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease | volume = 179 | issue = 11 | pages = 689–693 | doi = 10.1097/00005053-199111000-00007| pmid = 1940893 | date = 1991 | s2cid = 10352259 }}
• {{Cite book | last = Ensink | first = Bernardine J. | title = Confusing realities: a study of child sexual abuse and psychiatric symptoms | publisher = VU University Press | location = Amsterdam | year = 1993 | isbn = 9789053830857 }}

::Also {{Citation | last = Ensink | first = Bernardine J. | contribution = Trauma: a study of child abuse and hallucinations | editor-last1 = Romme | editor-first1 = Marius A.J. | editor-last2 = Escher | editor-first2 = Sandra D. | editor-link1 = Marius Romme | editor-link2 = Sandra Escher | title = Accepting voices | publisher = Mind Publications | location = London | year = 1992 | isbn = 9781874690139 | postscript = .}}

• {{Cite journal | last1 = Falloon | first1 = Ian R.H. | last2 = Talbot | first2 = Ralph E. | title = Persistent auditory hallucinations: coping mechanisms and implications for management | journal = Psychological Medicine | volume = 11 | issue = 2 | pages = 329–339 | pmid = 7267874 | doi = 10.1017/S0033291700052144 | date = May 1981 | s2cid = 43810158 }}
• {{Cite news | last = Freedland | first = Jonathan | author-link1 = Jonathan Freedland | title = Hearing is believing | work = The Guardian | date = 22 April 1995 }}
• {{Cite book | last = Grierson | first = Mike | title = A report on the Manchester hearing voices conference November 1990 | publisher = Hearing Voices Network | location = Manchester, England | year = 1991 | url = http://www.hearing-voices.org/resources/ }}
• {{citation | last1 = Haddock | first1 = Gillian | last2 = Bentall | first2 = Richard P. | last3 = Slade | first3 = Peter D. | author-link2 = Richard Bentall | contribution = Psychological treatments for auditory hallucinations, focussing or distraction? | editor-last1 = Haddock | editor-first1 = Gillian | editor-last2 = Slade | editor-first2 = Peter D. | title = Cognitive-behavioural interventions with psychotic disorders | pages = 45–71 | publisher = Routledge | location = London | year = 1996 | isbn = 9780415102902 | postscript = .}}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Haddock | first1 = Gillian | last2 = Bentall | first2 = Richard P. | last3 = Slade | first3 = Peter D. | author-link2 = Richard Bentall | title = Psychological treatment of chronic auditory hallucinations: two case studies | journal = Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy | volume = 21 | issue = 4 | pages = 335–346 | doi = 10.1017/S1352465800011668 | date = 1993 | s2cid = 146155388 }}
• {{Cite journal | last = Heery | first = Myrtle W. | title = Inner voice experiences: an exploratory study of thirty cases | journal = Journal of Transpersonal Psychology | volume = 21 | issue = 1 | pages = 73–82 | publisher = Association for Transpersonal Psychology | date = 1989 | url = https://atpweb.org/journal-content.aspx }} [http://www.atpweb.org/jtparchive/trps-21-89-01-073.pdf Pdf.]
• {{Cite book | last = Holmes | first = Doug | title = Hearing voices: Hillary, Angels, and O.J. to the voice-producing brain | publisher = Shenandoah Psychology Press | location = Rileyville, Virginia | date = 1998 | isbn = 9780966397376 }}
• Haddock G Slade P. Empowering people who hear voices in cognitive behavioral interventions with psychotic disorders, Routledge, London (1996)
• {{Cite book | last1 = Leudar | first1 = Ivan | last2 = Thomas | first2 = Philip | title = The Verbal Hallucinations Pragmatics Schedule: Guidelines for establishing pragmatic aspects of voice-voice hearer talk | publisher = Department of Psychology, University of Manchester | location = Manchester, UK | year = 1995 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Leudar | first1 = Ivan | last2 = Thomas | first2 = Philip | last3 = Johnston | first3 = Margaret | title = Self repair for in dialogues of schizophrenics: effects of hallucinations and negative symptoms | journal = Brain and Language | volume = 43 | issue = 3 | pages = 487–511 | doi = 10.1016/0093-934X(92)90114-T | pmid = 1446215 | date = October 1992 | s2cid = 11607583 }}
• {{Cite book | last1 = Leudar | first1 = Ivan | last2 = Thomas | first2 = Philip | title = Voices of reason, voices of insanity: studies of verbal hallucinations | publisher = Psychology Press | location = London New York | year = 2000 | isbn = 9780415147866 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Leudar | first1 = Ivan | last2 = Thomas | first2 = Philip | last3 = Johnston | first3 = Margaret | title = Self monitoring in speech production: effects of verbal hallucinations and negative symptoms | journal = Psychological Medicine | volume = 24 | issue = 3 | pages = 749–761 | doi = 10.1017/S0033291700027902 | pmid = 7991757 | date = August 1994 | s2cid = 8519359 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Leudar | first1 = Ivan | last2 = Thomas | first2 = Philip | last3 = McNally | first3 = D. | last4 = Glinsky | first4 = A. | title = What can voices do with words? Pragmatics of verbal hallucinations | journal = Psychological Medicine | volume = 27 | issue = 4 | pages = 885–898 | doi = 10.1017/S0033291797005138 | pmid = 9234466 | date = July 1997 | doi-broken-date = 22 April 2025 | s2cid = 21386734 }}
• {{Cite journal | last = Lineham | first = Tim | title = Hearing is believing | journal = New Statesman and Society | volume = 245 | pages = 18–19 | date = 26 March 1993 | issn = 0954-2361 | oclc = 224602448 | url = http://www.scie-socialcareonline.org.uk/hearing-is-believing/r/a1CG0000000GTkWMAW }}
• {{Cite journal | last = Loekhort | first = Russell A. | title = Mary's dog is an ear mother: listening to the voices of psychosis | journal = Psychological Perspectives: A Quarterly Journal of Jungian Thought | volume = 6 | issue = 2 | pages = 144–160 | doi = 10.1080/00332927508409446 | date = September 1975 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Miller | first1 = Laura J. | last2 = O'Connor | first2 = Eileen | last3 = DiPasquale | first3 = Tony | title = Patients' attitudes toward hallucinations | journal = American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 150 | issue = 4 | pages = 584–588 | doi = 10.1176/ajp.150.4.584 | pmid = 8465874 | date = April 1993 }} [http://www.hearingvoicesusa.org/images/stories/Miller_et_al_1993.pdf Pdf.]
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Posey | first1 = Thomas B. | last2 = Losch | first2 = Mary E. | title = Auditory hallucinations of hearing voices in 375 normal subjects | journal = Imagination, Cognition and Personality | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | pages = 99–113 | doi = 10.2190/74V5-HNXN-JEY5-DG7W | date = October 1983 | s2cid = 146310857 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Rector | first1 = Neil A. | last2 = Seeman | first2 = Mary V.|author-link2=Mary V Seeman | title = Auditory hallucinations in women and men | journal = Schizophrenia Research | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = 233–236 | doi = 10.1016/0920-9964(92)90017-Y | pmid = 1390402 | date = September 1992 | s2cid = 23720928 }}
• {{citation | last1 = Romme | first1 = Marius A.J. | last2 = Escher | first2 = Sandra D. | author-link1 = Marius Romme | author-link2 = Sandra Escher | contribution = Empowering people who hear voices | editor-last1 = Haddock | editor-first1 = Gillian | editor-last2 = Slade | editor-first2 = Peter D. | title = Cognitive-behavioural interventions with psychotic disorders | pages = 137–150 | publisher = Routledge | location = London | year = 1996 | isbn = 9780415102902 | postscript = .}} [http://www.brown.uk.com/brownlibrary/ROMME.htm Available online.]
• {{Cite journal | last = Sarbin | first = Theodore R. | author-link = Theodore R. Sarbin | title = Towards the obsolescence of the schizophrenia hypothesis | journal = The Journal of Mind and Behavior | volume = 11 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 259–283 | publisher = University of Maine | date = Summer–Autumn 1990 | url = http://umaine.edu/jmb/back-issues/1990-2/volume-11-numbers-3-and-4-summer-and-autumn-1990-special-issue-challenging-the-therapeutic-state/#v11n34sa90ab2 }} [http://www.szasz.com/sarbin.pdf Pdf.]
• {{Cite book | last1 = Sidgwick | first1 = Henry A. | last2 = Johnson | first2 = Alice | last3 = Myers | first3 = Frederic W. H. | last4 = Podmore | first4 = Frank | last5 = Sidgwick | first5 = Eleanor Mildred | author-link1 = Henry Sidgwick | author-link3 = Frederic W. H. Myers | author-link4 = Frank Podmore | author-link5 = Eleanor Mildred Sidgwick | title = Report on the Census of Hallucinations | location = UK | year = 1894 }} [https://books.google.com/books?id=eWgvirLiO9sC&pg=PA56 Preview.]

:* Described in: {{Citation | last = James | first = William | author-link = William James | contribution = The Census of Hallucinations (1889-1897) | editor-last = James | editor-first = William | editor-link = William James | title = Essays in psychical research | pages = 56–78 | publisher = Harvard University Press | location = Cambridge, Massachusetts | year = 1986 | isbn = 9780674267084 | postscript = .}}

:* See also: {{Cite journal | title = Report on the Census of Hallucinations Society for Psychical Research: Chapter XII Death-coincidences | journal = History of Psychiatry | volume = 5 | issue = 19 | pages = 403–415 | doi = 10.1177/0957154X9400501909 | date = September 1994 | s2cid = 220338425 }}

:* and: {{Cite journal | last = James | first = William | author-link = William James | title = Review of Report on the Census of Hallucinations | journal = Psychological Review | volume = 2 | issue = 1 | pages = 69–75 | doi = 10.1037/h0068910 | date = January 1895 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1429100 }}

• {{Cite book | last = Siegel | first = Ronald K. | author-link = Ronald K. Siegel | title = Fire in the brain: clinical tales of hallucination | publisher = Dutton Books | location = New York, New York | year = 1992 | isbn = 9780525934080 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/fireinbrainclini0000sieg }}
• {{Citation | last = Slade | first = Peter D. | contribution = Models of hallucination: from theory to practice | editor-last1 = David | editor-first1 = Anthony S. | editor-last2 = Cutting | editor-first2 = John C. | editor-link1 = Anthony David (neuropsychiatrist) | editor-link2 = John Cutting (psychiatrist) | title = The neuropsychology of schizophrenia | pages = 245–254 | publisher = Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. | location = Hove, UK Hillsdale, USA | series = Brain, Behaviour and Cognition Series | year = 1994 | isbn = 9780863773037 | postscript = .}}
• {{Cite book | last1 = Slade | first1 = Peter D. | last2 = Bentall | first2 = Richard P. | author-link2 = Richard Bentall | title = Sensory deception: towards a scientific analysis of hallucinations | publisher = Johns Hopkins University Press | location = Baltimore | date = 1988 | isbn = 9780801837609 }}
• {{Cite book | last1 = Stephens | first1 = G. Lynn | last2 = Graham | first2 = George | title = When self-consciousness breaks: alien voices and inserted thoughts | publisher = MIT Press | location = Cambridge, Massachusetts | series = Philosophical Pychopathology Series | year = 2000 | isbn = 9780262194372 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Tarrier | first1 = Nicholas | last2 = Harwood | first2 = Susan | last3 = Yusupoff | first3 = Lawrence | last4 = Beckett | first4 = Richard | last5 = Baker | first5 = Amanda | title = Coping Strategy Enhancement (CSE): a method of treating residual schizophrenic symptoms | journal = Behavioural Psychotherapy | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 283–293 | doi = 10.1017/S0141347300010387 | date = October 1990 | s2cid = 143803652 }}
• {{Cite journal | last = Tien | first = Allen Y. | title = Distributions of hallucinations in the population | journal = Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology | volume = 26 | issue = 6 | pages = 287–292 | doi = 10.1007/BF00789221 | pmid = 1792560 | date = November 1991 | s2cid = 28848635 }}
• {{Cite journal | last1 = Tiihonen | first1 = Jari | last2 = Hari | first2 = Riitta | last3 = Naukkarinen | first3 = Hannu | last4 = Rimón | first4 = Ranan | last5 = Jousmäki | first5 = Veikko | last6 = Kajola | first6 = Matti | title = Modified activity of the human auditory cortex during auditory hallucinations | journal = American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 149 | issue = 2 | pages = 255–257 | doi = 10.1176/ajp.149.2.255 | pmid = 1734750 | date = February 1992 }}
• {{Citation | last1 = Yusopoff | first1 = Lawrence | last2 = Tarrier | first2 = Nicholas | contribution = Coping strategy enhancement for persistent hallucinations and delusions | editor-last1 = Haddock | editor-first1 = Gillian | editor-last2 = Slade | editor-first2 = P.D. | title = Cognitive, behavioural interventions with psychotic disorders | pages = 86–103 | publisher = Routledge | location = London | year = 1996 | isbn = 9780415102902 | postscript = .}} [http://www.brown.uk.com/brownlibrary/YUSUP.htm Read online.]

• [http://www.intervoiceonline.org/ INTERVOICE]
• [https://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=206854668906561198640.0004d62ee0abdfd28256e&dg=feature World Map of Hearing Voices Groups]
• [http://www.hearing-voices.org/ Hearing Voices Network England]

{{Anti-psychiatry}}

Category:Schizophrenia-related organizations

Category:Mental health support groups

Category:Organisations based in Manchester

Category:Mental health organisations in the United Kingdom