Hedong, Tianjin
{{more citations needed|date=August 2013}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Hedong
|native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|河东区}}}}
|official_name =
|postal_code_type = Postal code
|postal_code = 300171
|area_code = 0022
|settlement_type = District
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| image1 = 河东中海钻石湾.jpg
| image2 = 上杭路津滨大道西.jpg
| image3 = 渤海银行总部大楼.jpg
| image4 = 富豪新开门冬东.jpg
| image5 = 荐福观音寺.jpg
| image6 = Tianjin Station 03.jpg
| image7 = 河东未来广场夏北.jpg
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|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = People's Republic of China
|subdivision_type1 = Municipality
|subdivision_name1 = Tianjin
| subdivision_type2 = Township-level divisions
| subdivision_name2 = 13 subdistricts
|area_total_km2 = 39
|population_total = 858,787
|population_as_of = 2020
|population_density_km2 = auto
|coordinates = {{coord|39|07|47|N|117|15|04|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-12_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
|elevation_ft = 21
|elevation_m = 6
|timezone = China Standard
|utc_offset = +8
| blank_name_sec1 = Tianjin district map
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Hedong District ({{zh|s=河东区 |t=河東區 |p=Hédōng Qū}}) is located at the heart of the municipality of Tianjin, People's Republic of China. Its name literally means "east of the river", referring to its location east of the Hai River. Parts of the district were once part of the Russian Concession during the colonial period in the early 20th century.
As of 2020, Hedong District has a population of 858,787.{{Cite web |title=统计信息_政务公开信息公开专栏 |url=http://www.tjhd.gov.cn/zwgk/zfxxgk/zfxxgkqjjg/qtjj/fdzdgknr63/tjxx63/202201/t20220119_5783329.html |access-date=2022-09-16 |website=www.tjhd.gov.cn}} It hosts Tianjin Railway Station, Tianjin Customs House and General Mail Office of Tianjin. It also hosts Tianjin Conservatory of Music and Tianjin Polytechnic University (which used to be a branch of Tianjin University, the oldest university of China).
History
In 1125, the territory of what would become Hedong District was part of Dazhigu, and fell under the control of Jin dynasty. It became a maritime transport hub during the Yuan dynasty. In 1404, the Ming dynasty built a series of military settlement on the southern bank of Hai River, causing the economic center of the region to shift south away from Dazhigu. For the rest of the Ming dynasty, Dazhigu remained part of Jinghai county.{{Cite web |title=历史沿革_历史沿革_天津市河东区人民政府 |url=http://www.tjhd.gov.cn/zjhd/hdgk/lsyg/202011/t20201130_4181700.html |access-date=2022-09-16 |website=www.tjhd.gov.cn}}
During the Qing dynasty, the area belonged to Wuqing county. After Eight-Nation Alliance occupied Tianjin in 1900, a portion of Wuqing county became part of Russian concession, while a piece of land south of Russian concession was given to Belgian as concession. In 1924, Republic of China regain the control of Russian concession, and set it as the 3rd district. Belgian concession was returned in 1931, where it became the 4th district. The city of Tianjin was occupied by Japan from 1937 to 1945, during which the border of districts within the city was redrawn 4 times.
After the founding of People's Republic of China, the area was divided into the 4th and 5th districts in 1951, and the latter was merged into the 4th district a year later. In 1956, the 4th district was given the current name Hedong. Its name was shortly changed to Dongfeng({{Zh|c=东风|l=East Wind}}) district in 1966, before changing back two years later.{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53105668 |title=Hedong qu zhi |date=2001 |publisher=Tianjin she hui ke xue yuan chu ban she |others=Tianjin Shi Hedong qu di fang zhi bian xiu wei yuan hui, 天津市河东区地方志编修委员会. |isbn=7-80563-890-X |location=Tianjin Shi |oclc=53105668}}
Administrative divisions
There are 13 subdistricts in the district:{{cite web
|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjbz/cxfldm/2011/12/01/120102.html
|script-title=zh:2011年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：河东区
|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China
|language=Chinese
|accessdate=2013-08-08
|url-status=dead
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001231716/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjbz/cxfldm/2011/12/01/120102.html
|archivedate=2012-10-01
}}
Transportation
=Metro=
Hedong is currently served by three metro lines operated by Tianjin Metro:
- {{rint|Tianjin|metro}} {{Rail color box|system=TJM|line=2|inline=yes}} - Tianjinzhan {{rint|Tianjin|3}}{{rint|Tianjin|9}}, Yuanyangguojizhongxin, Shunchiqiao, Jingjianglu, Cuifuxincun
- {{rint|Tianjin|metro}} {{Rail color box|system=TJM|line=2|inline=yes}} - Tianjinzhan {{rint|Tianjin|2}}{{rint|Tianjin|9}}
- {{Rail color box|system=TJM|line=9|inline=yes}} - Tianjinzhan {{rint|Tianjin|2}}{{rint|Tianjin|3}}, Dawangzhuang, Shiyijing Road, Zhigu, Dongxing Road, Zhongshanmen, Yihaoqiao, Erhaoqiao
Education
= Universities =
- Tianjin Conservatory of Music
- Tianjin Polytechnic
= High schools =
- Number Seven High School
- High School Attached to Conservatory of Music
- No. 32 High School
= Primary schools =
- Hedong Experimental Primary School
- Hedong First Center Primary School
Culture and leisure
= Cultural Interests =
- Tianjin Railway Station
- Tianjin Custom House
- General Mail Office of Tianjin
- Hedong Library
- Music Street
= Parks =
- Second Palace Park
- Hedong Park
- Riverside (Hebin) Park
Hospitals
- Tianjin First Center Hospital (Dong Yuan)
- Tianjin Third Center Hospital
- Tianjin Fragrant Hill Hospital