Heemstede

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Heemstede

| settlement_type = Town and municipality

| image_skyline = Station-heemstede-aerdenhout.jpg

| image_alt =

| image_caption = Heemstede-Aerdenhout railway station

| image_flag = Flag of Heemstede.svg

| flag_size = 100x67px

| flag_alt =

| image_shield = Coat of arms of Heemstede.svg

| shield_size = 100x80px

| shield_alt =

| image_map = Map - NL - Municipality code 0397 (2009).svg

| map_alt = Highlighted position of Heemstede in a municipal map of North Holland

| map_caption = Location in North Holland

| coordinates = {{coord|52|21|N|4|37|E|region:NL|display=inline,title}}

| coordinates_footnotes =

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = Netherlands

| subdivision_type1 = Province

| subdivision_name1 = North Holland

| government_footnotes = {{cite web

|url = http://www.heemstede.nl/politiek-en-organisatie/college-van-bw/samenstelling-portefeuilles/

|title = Samenstelling & portefeuilles

|trans-title = Members and tasks

|language = nl

|publisher = Gemeente Heemstede

|access-date = 5 March 2014

|archive-date = 28 May 2016

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160528235105/https://www.heemstede.nl/politiek-en-organisatie/college-van-bw/samenstelling-portefeuilles/

|url-status = dead

}}

| governing_body = Municipal council

| leader_party = CDA

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = Falgun Binnendijk

| unit_pref = Metric

| area_footnotes = {{Dutch municipality total area|dataref}}

| area_total_km2 = {{Dutch municipality total area|Heemstede}}

| area_land_km2 = {{Dutch municipality land area|Heemstede}}

| area_water_km2 = {{Dutch municipality water area|Heemstede}}

| elevation_footnotes = {{cite web

|url=http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool

|title=Postcodetool for 2101HA

|language=nl

|work=Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland

|publisher=Het Waterschapshuis

|access-date=5 March 2014

|url-status=dead

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053543/http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool

|archive-date=21 September 2013

}}

| elevation_m = 1

| elevation_max_footnotes =

| elevation_max_m =

| elevation_min_footnotes =

| elevation_min_m =

| population_footnotes = {{Dutch municipality population|dataref}}

| population_total = {{Dutch municipality population|Heemstede}}

| population_as_of = {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population|popbasemonth}}}} {{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}

| population_density_km2 = {{Dutch municipality population density|Heemstede}}

| population_demonym = Heemstedenaar, Heemsteder

| timezone = CET

| utc_offset = +1

| timezone_DST = CEST

| utc_offset_DST = +2

| postal_code_type = Postcode

| postal_code = 2100–2106

| area_code_type = Area code

| area_code = 023

| website = {{URL|1=https://www.heemstede.nl}}

| footnotes =

}}

Heemstede ({{IPA|nl|ˈɦeːmsteːdə|-|Nl-Heemstede.ogg}}) is a town and a municipality in the Western Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. In 2021, it had a population of 27,545. Located just south of the city of Haarlem on the border with South Holland, it is one of the richest municipalities of the Netherlands.{{Cite web |date=13 October 2020|title=Bloemendaal nog steeds rijkste gemeente van Nederland, Heemstede in top-10|url=https://www.haarlemsdagblad.nl/cnt/dmf20201013_56390957|access-date=|website=www.haarlemsdagblad.nl|language=nl}}

History

Heemstede formed around the Heemstede Castle that was built overlooking the Spaarne River around 1286. Before 1296, Floris V, Count of Holland, granted Heemstede as a fiefdom to Reinier of Holy. During the 14th century, a village formed near the castle, which was destroyed and rebuilt several times in this period. A resident of this castle was Adriaan Pauw, who bought it in 1620. In 1653, Bennebroek split off from Heemstede, becoming a separate fiefdom.

File:Gem-Heemstede-OpenTopo.jpg

Growth was slow; in 1787 Heemstede counted 196 families. Even at that early date Heemstede had gained the reputation it has today, of being primarily a commuter town for the cities of Haarlem and Amsterdam. Wealthy city families left the cities in the summer, escaping "canal fever" which caused illness from the putrid canals. As a result, many estates were built in the 17th and 18th centuries, some of which (partially) remain today, such as Oud-Berkenroede, Berkenrode, Ipenrode, Huis te Manpad, Hartekamp, Bosbeek, Meer en Bosch, Meer en Berg, and Gliphoeve.

In 1857, the municipality Berkenrode was merged with Heemstede. In 1927, the northern portion of Heemstede, including a large part of the Haarlemmerhout forest, was added to the city of Haarlem.

Monuments and parks

Groenendaal Park: Designed by Jan Hope, it was formed by merging several country estates into one.
Vrijheidsbeeld (Freedom Statue), statue by Mari Andriessen to celebrate freedom and commemorate Heemstede victims of the Dutch Revolt. Located on the Vrijheidsdreef in Groenendaal park.
Heemstede Castle: The site of the former Heemstede castle.
Hartekamp: Heemstede summer home of George Clifford, who hired Carl Linnaeus to write his Hortus Cliffortianus, a detailed catalogue of the plant specimens in the herbarium and gardens of Hartecamp. George Clifford's house is closed to the public, but the surrounding gardens are used as a campus and are open to visitors.
Linnaeusbos (Linnaeus Forest): Originally a part of Hartekamp that was planted by George Clifford and documented by Linnaeus. In 2007, Heemstede celebrated Linnaeus's 300th birthday.
De Naald: The 'needle' is a monument placed by D.J. van Lennep to honour Witte van Haemstede, the saviour of Haarlem at a battle which on 26 April 1304 and to honor the wounded of another battle fought against the Spanish on 8 July 1573. Both battles supposedly took place right at the corner of David Jacob van Lennep's house Huis te Manpad, where the monument stands.

Overzicht voorgevel met pronkrisaliet en klokkentoren gezien vanaf de oprijlaan - Heemstede - 20407204 - RCE.jpg|Town hall

Villa Eikenrode. NL-HlmNHA 54010582.JPG|Villa Eikenrode, 1953

Hageveld vooraanzicht.jpg|College Hageveld

Transport

The town is served by Heemstede-Aerdenhout railway station, which lies on the Oude Lijn between Haarlem and Leiden.

Local government

The municipal council of Heemstede consists of 21 seats, which at the 2022 municipal election were divided as follows:{{Cite web |date=16 March 2022 |title=Heemstede municipal election 2022 |url=https://www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl/verkiezingen/detail/GR20220316/731113|access-date=19 April 2024|website=www.verkiezingsuitslagen.nl|language=nl}}

Heemsteeds Burger Belang (HBB), 5 seats
VVD, 5 seats
D66, 4 seat
GroenLinks, 3 seats
CDA, 2 seats
PvdA, 2 seats

Notable residents

File:Henry Bone 001.jpg

File:Floortje Dessing.jpg

Adriaan Pauw (1585–1653) bought the town in 1621, Grand Pensionary of Holland 1631 to 1636
Jan Hope (1737–1784) a Dutch banker, summered in his Groenendaal Park 1767 to 1784
Christiaan van Pol (1752–1813) a flower painter and teacher
Thomas Hope (1769–1830/1831) a Dutch and British merchant banker, author, philosopher and art collector {{cite EB1911|wstitle=Hope,_Thomas |volume= 13 |short=x}}
Ivan Smirnov (1895–1956) a Russian WWI flying ace and naturalized Dutch aviator, lived in Heemstede 1936–1947
Johan Limpers (1915–1944) Dutch sculptor and WWII resistance fighter
Jan Knappert (1927–2005) an Esperantist and expert on the Swahili language
Pieter Kooijmans (1933–2013) Dutch politician, jurist and diplomat
Jan Gmelich Meijling (1936–2012) a Dutch politician and naval officer
Els Moor (1937–2016) was a Dutch-born Surinamese educator, editor and book publisher{{cite web|url=http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Moor |title=Moor, Elisabeth Henriette Pauline (1937-2016) |website=Digital Women Lexicon of the Huygens Institute|access-date=24 March 2021|language=nl}}
Astrid Schulz (born 1939) a Dutch model and actress, Playboy Playmate of the Month in September 1964
Gijs Kuenen (born 1940) a Dutch microbiologist and academic
Mieke Bal (born 1946) a Dutch cultural theorist, video artist and academic
Joost Swarte (born 1947) a Dutch cartoonist and graphic designer
Dick Maas (born 1951) a Dutch film director, screenwriter and film producer [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0530975/ IMDb Database] retrieved 03 February 2020
Floortje Dessing (born 1970) a Dutch radio and TV presenter, producer and travel writer [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1985719/ IMDb Database] retrieved 03 February 2020
Thierry Baudet (born 1983) Dutch politician and leader of the Forum for Democracy
Julian Ras (Dutch Wikipedia) (born 2001) a Dutch actor [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4626817/ IMDb Database] retrieved 03 February 2020

File:Roepie Kruize 1969b.jpg

= Sport =

Joop van Dort (1889–1967) a footballer, team bronze medallist at the 1920 Summer Olympics
Roepie Kruize (1925–1992) field hockey player and coach, team bronze medallist at the 1948 Summer Olympics and team silver medallist at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Johan Neeskens (born 1951) a Dutch former footballer with 480 club caps and manager
Annemieke Fokke (born 1967) a Dutch field hockey player, team bronze medallist at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Jeroen Bleekemolen (born 1981) a Dutch professional racing driver
Frank Korpershoek (born 1984) a Dutch professional footballer, 351 caps with SC Telstar
Vincent Regeling (born 1997) a Dutch professional footballer