Heinz-Christian Strache

Strache, who is by profession a dental technician, has been active in the politics of Vienna since 1991. He was elected to the Municipal Council and Landtag of Vienna in 2001. In 2004, he replaced Hilmar Kabas as the leader of the FPÖ in Vienna. He had been considered a disciple of long-time national party leader Jörg Haider, but began to oppose him as the result of increased strife within the party in January 2005.{{fact|date=April 2025}}

After a series of losses in state elections, rumours spread that Strache would run for the office of national party leader against Haider's sister, Ursula Haubner. The high risk of Haubner's defeat was probably one of the events that induced Haider to set up a new party, the Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZÖ). After the split, Strache was elected national party leader of the FPÖ on 23 April 2005.{{fact|date=April 2025}}

Since the split, Strache led the FPÖ further to the right. The FPÖ's results in state elections in the last decade have been mixed. While it dropped out of the Styria Landtag and was reduced to 5.7% in Burgenland, it surpassed expectations in the Vienna elections of October 2005. Strache himself was the leading candidate in Vienna, and the party received 14.9% of votes. Strache's campaign, included slogans such as:

• Wien darf nicht Istanbul werden (Vienna must not become Istanbul). A variation on an FPÖ slogan from the Haider era: Wien darf nicht Chicago werden. Vienna has a significant Turkish minority, the FPÖ is opposed to Turkish EU membership and it refers to the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Battle of Vienna in 1683, a symbolic historic victory of the West over Islamic and Ottoman onslaught.
• Daham statt Islam ("at home" [i.e., folks who are native to Austria] instead of Islam)
• Deutsch statt "nix verstehen" (German instead of "I don't understand")
• Pummerin statt Muezzin (Pummerin instead of muezzin). Pummerin is the main bell in St. Stephan's Cathedral in Vienna, and so a religious Christian symbol in Vienna.
• Heimat im Herzen (Homeland in the heart)
• Arbeit statt Zuwanderung (Jobs instead of immigration)

File:Heinz-Christian_Strache_Sankt_Poelten_20080918b.jpg

In January 2007, stills taken from a video shot in the late 1980s were published showing a uniformed Strache allegedly participating in paramilitary training activities. Other people on the pictures were claimed to be known neo-Nazis. Strache has denied the allegations, stating the pictures are of him playing paintball as an 18-year-old. In his initial reaction, Chancellor Alfred Gusenbauer referred to the incident as a "folly of youth" (Jugendtorheit).{{cite web |title=ORF (Austrian national broadcaster) |url=http://steiermark.orf.at/stories/168293/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120527012441/http://steiermark.orf.at/stories/168293/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 May 2012 }}"Dateline World Jewry", April 2007, World Jewish Congress At the end of January, further pictures were published, allegedly showing Strache performing a Nazi salute (the Kühnen salute). Strache denied the allegations prior to publication of the pictures. After publication, Strache argued that the picture showed him ordering three beers and was not a Nazi salute. Austrian Jewish community leaders criticized the government for its lack of response.

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File:Strache Lugner City 2.jpg

In the 2010 Vienna elections for Mayor of Vienna, Vienna City Council, and district councils, Strache's party received 26% of the vote and increased their number of seats in the city council to 27.{{cite web|url=https://www.wien.gv.at/english/NET-EN/GR101/GR101-109.htm|title=Elections to the Vienna City Council 2010 - All results for Vienna|website=www.wien.gv.at}} His support was strongest among young people under 30.{{Cite web |url=http://www.heute.at/news/politik/Gruene-Blaue-bei-Jungen-staerker;art422,422726 |title=Strache support stronger among youth, in Heute |access-date=2010-10-22 |archive-date=2016-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104210541/http://www.heute.at/news/politik/Gruene-Blaue-bei-Jungen-staerker;art422,422726 |url-status=dead }}

The campaign included slogans such as:

• Zu viel Fremdes tut niemandem gut. (Too much of what's foreign does nobody well.)
• Wir bewahren unsere Heimatstadt. Die SPÖ macht sie uns fremd. (We maintain our homeland-city. The SPÖ makes it foreign.)
• Wir glauben an unsere Jugend. Die SPÖ an Zuwanderung. (We believe in our youth. The SPÖ in immigration.)
• Wir schützen freie Frauen. Die SPÖ den Kopftuchzwang (We protect free women. The SPÖ protects the compulsory veil.)
• Mehr Mut für unser Wiener Blut (More courage for our Viennese blood.)
• Uns geht's um die Wiener (To us, it's about the Viennese)

Strache was once again accused of xenophobia during his campaign and responded formally in the press to the allegations.{{Cite web |url=http://www.heute.at/news/wienwahl/Strache-Ich-bin-nicht-auslaenderfeindlich-;art9969,422720 |title=Strache says, "I am not unfriendly to foreigners." in Heute |access-date=2010-10-22 |archive-date=2010-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101004142032/http://www.heute.at/news/wienwahl/Strache-Ich-bin-nicht-auslaenderfeindlich-;art9969,422720 |url-status=dead }} In August 2012, Strache caused condemnation and outrage when posting a picture on Facebook that was a caricature depicting a banker with a hooked nose and Star of David cufflinks.{{cite news |title=Austria Freedom Party condemned for Nazi-like cartoon|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19324613|work=BBC}}

Strache campaigned for the FPÖ in the lead up to 2019 European Parliament election in Austria. In what The Guardian described as "doubling down" on rhetoric ahead of the election,{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/apr/29/austrian-deputy-leader-endorses-far-right-term-population-replacement|title=Austrian deputy leader endorses far-right term 'population replacement'|website=The Guardian|date=29 April 2019}} Strache endorsed the far-right conspiracy of the great replacement.{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/austria-far-right-leader-panned-for-use-of-population-replacement-term/|title=Austria far-right leader panned for use of 'population replacement' term|website=Times of Israel|date=1 May 2019}} He claimed that "population replacement" was real, adding: "We don’t want to become a minority in our own country".{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-austria-politics/austrian-far-right-sticks-by-population-exchange-rhetoric-idUSKCN1S73PJ|title=Austrian far-right sticks by 'population exchange' rhetoric|website=Reuters|date=1 May 2019}}

{{main|First Kurz government|Actions of the first Kurz cabinet}}

{{main|Ibiza affair}}

On 17 May 2019 a video was released from a July 2017 meeting in Ibiza, Spain, appearing to show Strache and Johann Gudenus discussing underhanded political practices.{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-18/austria-s-fpoe-offers-to-replace-strache-with-hofer-apa-reports|title=Austrian Government in Crisis as Nationalists Exposed in Video|last=Staff|date=18 May 2019|website=France24|access-date=18 May 2019}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/world/europe/austria-video-strache.html|title=Highlights From the Video That Brought Down Austria's Vice Chancellor|last= Schuetze|first=Christopher F.|date=18 May 2019|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=18 May 2019}} In the video, both politicians appeared receptive to proposals by a mysterious woman posing as the niece of a Russian oligarch Igor Makarov, discussing providing the FPÖ positive news coverage in return for business contracts. Strache and Gudenus also hinted at corrupt political practices involving other wealthy donors to the FPÖ in Europe and elsewhere. The scandal caused the collapse of the Austrian governing coalition and the announcement of a snap election.{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/05/18/austrias-vice-chancellor-announces-resignation-amid-leak-video-purported-graft/|website=www.washingtonpost.com|title=Austrian chancellor calls for new elections after leader of far-right ally resigns in scandal|access-date=2019-05-18}}{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/18/world/europe/austria-strache-resigns-video.html|newspaper=The New York Times|title=Austrian Leader Calls for Snap Election After Far-Right Vice Chancellor Resigns|date=18 May 2019|access-date=2019-05-18|last1=Bennhold|first1=Katrin|last2=Schuetze|first2=Christopher F.}}{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-48320983|title=Austria chancellor calls for snap election after corruption scandal|work=BBC News |date=18 May 2019 |access-date=2019-05-18}} Strache is currently under investigation for misuse of party funds.{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/austria-far-right-ex-leader-strache-investigated-for-reported-misuse-of-party-funds/a-50591089|title=Austria: Far-right ex-leader Strache investigated for reported misuse of party funds {{!}} DW {{!}} 26.09.2019|website=DW.COM|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-10-04}} He is also under trial for corruption.{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/heinz-christian-strache-austria-far-right-rise-and-fall/|title = The rise and fall of Heinz-Christian Strache, Austria's far-right firebrand|date = 7 July 2021}}

Strache was expelled from the FPÖ in December 2019 for his role in the scandal.{{cite web |title=Austria's far-right party expels former leader over scandal |url=https://p.dw.com/p/3UnJ0 |website=DW |publisher=AFP |access-date=16 December 2019 |date=14 December 2019}} In August 2020, the public prosecutor's office received an additional 5 minutes of video footage which appeared to relieve Strache from some of the accusations. In the uncut video, Strache had refused the decoy's offer and doing anything illegal. Strache accused Der Spiegel and the Süddeutsche Zeitung of showing selectively edited material.{{cite news |title=Neue Sequenzen des Ibiza-Videos aufgetaucht – sie könnten Strache entlasten |url=https://www.welt.de/politik/ausland/article214060112/Ibiza-Video-Neue-Sequenzen-koennten-Strache-entlasten.html |access-date=22 August 2020 |publisher=Die Welt |date=22 August 2020 |language=de}}

In the ORF documentary The talented Mr. Strache - How to destroy a career, which was broadcast in April 2022, opponents, companions and Strache himself reviewed his political career from rise to fall, and also dealt specifically with the Ibiza affair.{{Cite web |title=Der talentierte Herr Strache |url=https://tv.orf.at/program/orf1/dertalenti112.html |access-date=2022-08-15 |website=tv.ORF.at |language=de}}

File:DAÖ-Neujahrstreffen 2020 - Gruppenbild mit HC Strache.JPG

In February 2020, Strache became leader of Team HC Strache – Alliance for Austria. He participated in the 2020 Viennese state election, but his party did not win any seats.

Strache flew to New York shortly after the election of Donald Trump in December 2016 to meet with Michael Flynn at the Trump Tower.[https://washingtonmonthly.com/2019/05/17/the-disturbing-connections-between-trump-putin-and-austrian-neo-nazis/ The Disturbing Connections Between Trump, Putin, and Austrian Neo-Nazis], Washington Monthly, Martin Longman, 17 May 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2019. Flynn had just helped lead the effort to elect Trump and served as his National Security Advisor for 24 days in January through February 2017.Farhi, Arden; Brennan, Margaret; Dufresne, Louis; Gross, Katherine; Watson, Kathryn; Alemany, Jacqueline (14 February 2017). [https://www.cbsnews.com/news/michael-flynn-timeline-contacts-with-russia-ouster-guilty-plea/ "A timeline of Michael Flynn's contacts with Russia, his ouster and guilty plea"]. CBS News. Retrieved 26 May 2019. Also in November, Austrian far-right politicians Norbert Hofer and Strache went to Russia in order to become go-betweens to facilitate cooperation between Putin and Trump. While in Moscow, the Freedom Party concluded a "working agreement" with Putin's United Russia Party.[https://www.esquire.com/news-politics/politics/news/a51689/trump-national-security-advisor-austrian-right-wing/ Trump's Sons Might Be the Ones to Sink Him], Esquire, Charles Pierce, 20 December 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2019.[https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/12/19/austrian-far-right-politicians-travel-to-moscow-to-grease-ties-between-trump-putin-meet-michael-flynn-politics-europe/ Austrian Far-Right Politicians Travel to Moscow to Grease Ties Between Trump, Putin], Foreign Policy, Robbie Gramer, 19 December 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2019. Flynn later resigned after information surfaced that he had misled the FBI and Vice President Mike Pence about the nature and content of his communications with Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak.{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/13/us/politics/donald-trump-national-security-adviser-michael-flynn.html |title=Michael Flynn Resigns as National Security Adviser |first1=Maggie |last1=Haberman |first2=Matthew |last2=Rosenberg |first3=Matt |last3=Apuzzo |first4=Glenn |last4=Thrush |date=13 February 2017 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=26 May 2019}}[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/national-security-adviser-flynn-discussed-sanctions-with-russian-ambassador-despite-denials-officials-say/2017/02/09/f85b29d6-ee11-11e6-b4ff-ac2cf509efe5_story.html National security adviser Flynn discussed sanctions with Russian ambassador, despite denials, officials say], Washington Post, Greg Miller, Adam Entous and Ellen Nakashima, 9 February 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2019.[https://www.cnbc.com/2017/02/16/trump-no-i-didnt-tell-flynn-to-talk-about-sanctions-with-russia.html Trump: I fired Flynn because of what he told Pence], CNBC, Jacob Pramuk, 16 February 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2019.

Strache was indicted on grounds of bribery by the Public Prosecutorial Service for Economic Cases and Corruption (WKStA) in the Criminal Court of Vienna.{{cite web|url=https://kurier.at/politik/inland/showdown-im-strache-prozess-heute-soll-urteil-fallen/401484211|website=kurier.at|title=Schuldspruch für Strache wegen Bestechlichkeit, 15 Monate bedingt|date=27 August 2021 |language=de|access-date=2021-08-27}} The criminal charge accused the FPÖ – under Strache's leadership – of having accepted illicit campaign donations totaling €12,000 from Walter Grubmüller, the owner of a private nursing home in Vienna.{{cite web|url=https://www.derstandard.at/jetzt/livebericht/2000129215763/urteil-im-strache-privatklinik-prozess-steht-bevor?responsive=false|website=www.derstandard.at|title=Strache und Grubmüller – nicht rechtskräftig – verurteilt|language=de|access-date=2021-08-27}} Grubmüller had allegedly bribed Strache to sponsor a legislative bill amending the law which governs the Privatkrankenanstalten-Finanzierungsfonds, a government fund that supports private medical institutions.{{cite web|url=https://orf.at/stories/3226403/|website=orf.at|title=15 Monate bedingt für Strache|date=27 August 2021 |language=de|access-date=2021-08-27}} The amendment would have caused the fund to also cover Grubmüller's nursing home and allowed him to charge the ÖGK – a public health insurance organization in Austria – for patients who choose the public option.{{cite web|url=https://www.heute.at/s/schuldig-ex-fpoe-chef-wegen-bestechung-verurteilt-100159955|website=www.heute.at|title=Schuldig! Strache wegen Bestechlichkeit verurteilt|date=27 August 2021 |language=de|access-date=2021-08-27}}

On 27 August 2021, Strache and Grubmüller were convicted and sentenced to 15 months of probation; Strache appealed the ruling to the Vienna Court of Appeals (Oberlandesgericht).{{cite web|url=https://www.diepresse.com/6026406/korruption-strache-verurteilt|website=www.diepresse.com|title=Korruption: Strache verurteilt|date=27 August 2021|language=de|access-date=2021-08-27}}{{cite web|url=https://www.sn.at/panorama/oesterreich/15-monate-bedingt-fuer-strache-wegen-bestechlichkeit-volle-berufung-108567340|website=www.sn.at|title=15 Monate bedingt für Strache wegen Bestechlichkeit - "volle Berufung"|date=26 August 2021|language=de|access-date=2021-08-27}} The Vienna Court of Appeals reversed the judgment - since in its view, exculpatory material had not been considered properly - and remanded the case.{{cite web|url=https://www.derstandard.at/story/2000142427949/freisprueche-in-strache-prozess|website=www.derstandard.at|title=Prikraf-Verfahren: Freispruch für Strache im zweiten Anlauf|date=10 January 2023|language=de|access-date=2023-01-10}} On 10 January 2023 the Criminal Court of Vienna acquitted Strache, citing lack of proof.{{cite web|url=https://www.spiegel.de/ausland/oesterreich-heinz-christian-strache-in-korruptionsprozess-freigesprochen-a-f5773c97-7866-4aca-aad1-93423fffa4ce|website=www.spiegel.de|title=Ehemaliger FPÖ-Chef Strache in Korruptionsprozess freigesprochen|date=10 January 2023|language=de|access-date=2023-01-10}}{{cite web|url=https://orf.at/stories/3300777|website=www.orf.at|title=Freispruch für Strache im zweiten Anlauf|date=10 January 2023|language=de|access-date=2023-01-10}}

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