Hejnice (Liberec District)

Hejnice consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):{{cite web |title=Public Census 2021 – basic data|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4690&katalog=33475&pvo=SLD21043-CO|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2022}}

• Hejnice (2,360)
• Ferdinandov (274)

The original German name of the village Haindorf is based on the German Dorf im Haine, which means 'village in the grove'. The Czech name was derived from the German one and from háj, i.e. 'grove'.{{cite book |last=Profous|first=Antonín|title=Místní jména v Čechách I: A–H|url=https://mjc.ujc.cas.cz/search.php|pages=605–606|year=1947|language=cs}}

Hejnice is located about {{convert|14|km|0}} northeast of Liberec. It lies in the valley of the Smědá River under the northern slopes of the Jizera Mountains. The northernmost part of the municipal territory lies in the Frýdlant Hills. The highest peak is the Jizera Mountain at {{convert|1122|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level.

The entire territory of Hejnice is situated in the Jizerské hory Protected Landscape Area. Half of the Czech part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site named Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe is situated in the territory of Hejnice.

According to legend, a pilgrimage church was founded here already in 1211. The first written mention of Hejnice is from 1381. In the 16th century, iron ore mines were opened. In 1692, count František Gallas established a Franciscan monastery, which helped the visibility of the village. In the 19th century, several textile factories were established in the village and its surroundings. The village of Hejnice was promoted to a town in 1917.{{cite web |title=Historie|url=https://www.mestohejnice.cz/cs/mesto/historie.html|publisher=Město Hejnice|language=cs|access-date=2021-08-17}}

In 1938, Hejnice was annexed by Nazi Germany. From 1938 to 1945, it was administered as part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland.

{{historical populations

|align=none|cols=3

|1869|2497

|1880|2992

|1890|3310

|1900|3491

|1910|3402

|1921|2966

|1930|2831

|1950|2005

|1961|2256

|1970|2057

|1980|2549

|1991|2537

|2001|2704

|2011|2696

|2021|2634

|source=Censuses{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|date=2021-03-27}}}}

Hejnice is located on a short railway line of local importance from Raspenava to Bílý Potok.{{cite web |title=Detail stanice Hejnice|url=https://www.cd.cz/stanice/hejnice/5454832|publisher=České dráhy|language=cs|access-date=2023-08-12}}

File:Hejnice-church and monastery.JPG

The former Franciscan monastery and its pilgrimage Church of the Visitation are the most valuable buildings in Hejnice. Today the monastery premises are used for cultural and social purposes and provide accommodation.{{cite web |title=Klášter Hejnice|url=https://www.mestohejnice.cz/cs/volny-cas/zajimavosti-a-cile/klaster-hejnice.html|publisher=Město Hejnice|language=cs|access-date=2022-10-18}}

The Church of the Visitation was originally a small wooden church from the 14th century, which was gradually expanded. The most valuable object is a wooden Gothic sculpture of the Black Madonna from 1380. In front of the church stands the Marian column from 1695.{{cite web |title=Kostel Navštívení Panny Marie|url=https://www.mestohejnice.cz/cs/volny-cas/zajimavosti-a-cile/kostel-navstiveni-panny-marie.html|publisher=Město Hejnice|language=cs|access-date=2022-10-18}}

• Oskar Romm (1919–1993), German flying ace
• Katharina Matz (1935–2021), German actress
• Jürgen Kocka (born 1941), German historian

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic}}

Hejnice is twinned with:{{cite web |title=Odkazy|url=https://www.mestohejnice.cz/cs/obcan/odkazy-1/|publisher=Město Hejnice|language=cs|access-date=2020-07-22}}

• {{flagicon|POL}} Łęknica, Poland

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{{commons category|Hejnice (Liberec District)}}

• {{official|https://www.mestohejnice.cz/}}

{{Liberec District}}

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Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic

Category:Populated places in Liberec District