Help:IPA/Basque

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{| class="wikitable"

|+ Consonants

| {{lang|eu|bat}}

| best

| {{lang|eu|alaba}}Lenition of {{IPA|/b d g/}} occurs in regular speech in most Southern Basque dialects. {{Harvcoltxt|Hualde|1991|p=99-100}}.

| between baby and bevy

| {{lang|eu|kuttun}}

| skew

| {{lang|eu|doa}}

| dead

| {{lang|eu|adar}}

| this

| {{lang|eu|foru}}

| face

| {{lang|eu|gauak}}

| got

| {{lang|eu|hego}}

| between gold and ahold

| {{lang|eu|hamar}}Silent in Southern Basque dialects.

| hot

| {{lang|eu|jakintsu}}The realisation of the grapheme j varies depending on dialect and can be {{IPA|[{{IPAlink|j}}, {{IPAlink|ʝ}}, {{IPAlink|ɟ}}, {{IPAlink|dʒ}}, {{IPAlink|ʒ}}, {{IPAlink|ʃ}}, {{IPAlink|χ}}]}}. The last, resembling Scottish English loch, is typical of Gipuzkoan, and it has also become common in eastern varieties of Biscayan and the Sakana variety of the Upper Navarrese. However, the standard pronunciation ruled by Euskaltzaindia is {{IPA|[j]}}, and is the one followed in this help.

| you

| {{lang|eu|onddo}}

| argue

| {{lang|eu|ke}}

| scan

| {{lang|eu|lagun}}

| lean

| {{lang|eu|zailenak}}

| million

| {{lang|eu|maixu}}

| mother

| {{lang|eu|naharo}}

| need

| {{lang|eu|ikurrina}}, {{lang|eu|ñaka}}{{Cite web |last=Euskaltzaindia |first= |date= |title=Ñ Letra |url=https://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/index.php?option=com_ebe&view=bilaketa&Itemid=1161&task=bilaketa&lang=eu&id=1153 |access-date=4 January 2024}}

| canyon

| {{lang|eu|piztu}}

| spouse

| rowspan="2" | {{lang|eu|urre}}The double rr is pronounced as a trill {{IPAblink|r}} in Southern Basque dialects but is often a guttural {{IPAblink|ʁ}} in Northern Basque dialects, especially among younger speakers. {{Harvcoltxt|Trask|1978|p=77}} {{Harvcoltxt|Egurtzegi|Carignan|2020|pp=2794, 2800}}.

| Spanish {{lang|es|rojo|i=no}}

| French {{lang|fr|Paris|i=no}}

| {{lang|eu|zauri}}

| American English atom

| {{lang|eu|zeru}}

| sip

| {{lang|eu|uso}}

| between sip and ship (retracted), European Spanish {{lang|es|hostia|i=no}}Basque contrasts two consonants that sound similar to the {{IPA|/s/}} of Englishː {{IPA|/s̻/}}, which is laminal, and {{IPA|/s̺/}}, which is apical. {{IPA|/ts̻/}} and {{IPA|/ts̺/}} are contrasted the same way. The contrast between {{IPA|/s̻, ts̻/}}, {{IPA|/s̺, ts̺/}} and {{IPA|/ʃ, tʃ/}} is similar to the contrast between {{IPA|/s, ts/}}, {{IPA|/ʂ, tʂ/}} and {{IPA|/ɕ, tɕ/}} in Polish.

| {{lang|eu|xehe}}

| ship

| {{lang|eu|talde}}

| stand

| {{lang|eu|aitzin}}

| cats, pizza

| {{lang|eu|urretsu}}

| between cats and catch (retracted), Serbo-Croatian {{lang|sh|biće|i=no}}

| {{lang|eu|tximist}}

| catch

|+ Vowels

| {{lang|eu|gela}}

| father

| {{lang|eu|eder}}

| bed

| {{lang|eu|nire}}

| see

| {{lang|eu|aho}}

| bore

| {{lang|eu|hiru}}

| cool

| {{lang|eu|hirü}}Only occurring in Souletin.

| roughly like cute

|+ Diphthongs

| {{lang|eu|bai}}

| eye

| {{lang|eu|doinu}}

| boy

| {{lang|eu|leiho}}

| ray

| {{lang|eu|hau}}

| house

| {{lang|eu|euri}}

| roughly like go in some dialects of EnglishThese dialects include Southern England (including Received Pronunciation), English Midlands, Australian, New Zealand, the Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and younger Californian English. Other dialects of English, such as most other forms of American English, Northern England English, Welsh English, Scottish English and Irish English, have no close equiavalent vowel.; Italian / Spanish {{lang|it|Europa|i=no}}

|+ Suprasegmentals

| {{lang|eu|gauak}} {{IPA|[ɡau.ak]}}

| moai

| {{lang|eu|euskara}} {{IPA|[eusˈkaɾa]}}Stress in Basque is complex and varies between regions, the Euskaltzaindia broadly recommends high-pitched weak stress on the second syllable of a syntagma.

| recycle (primary stress)

| {{example needed}}Secondary stress is low-pitched and weaker than primary stress, with the recommendation being for it to be the last syllable broadly speaking.

| motorcycle (secondary stress)