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Help:IPA/Danish

{{IPA key|H:IPA-DA}}

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Danish pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.

Transcriptions in articles are primarily based on the "distinct form" set out in {{harvp|Brink|Lund|Heger|Jørgensen|1991}}. Stress, stød, and vowel length are frequently lost in actual running speech.

See Danish phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of the language.

{{Horizontal TOC}}

Key

style="vertical-align: top;"

|

{| class="wikitable" style="margin-right: 1em;"

|+ Vowels

! IPA

! Examples

! English approximation

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɑ̈|ɑ}}

| tak {{IPA|[ˈtsʰɑk]}}

| art

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɑ̈|ɑː}}

| rane {{IPA|[ˈʁɑːnə]}}

| father

style="text-align:center;" | {{IPA link|ɒ|ʌ}}

| ånd {{IPA|[ˈʌnˀ]}}

| somewhat like off

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɔ|ɒ}}

| normal {{IPA|[nɒˈmɛˀl]}}

| off

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɔ|ɒː}}

| kort {{IPA|[ˈkʰɒːt]}}

| dog

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|æ}}

| kat {{IPA|[ˈkʰæt]}}

| bat

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|æː}}

| græde {{IPA|[ˈkʁæːðə]}}

| bad

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|e̝}}

| bed {{IPA|[ˈpe̝ð]}} ('garden plot')

| bit

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|e̝ː}}

| mene {{IPA|[ˈme̝ːnə]}}

| bid

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|e}}

| ven {{IPA|[ˈven]}}, frisk {{IPA|[ˈfʁesk]}}

| bait

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|eː}}

| mæle {{IPA|[ˈmeːlə]}}

| bade

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɛ}}

| bær {{IPA|[ˈpɛɐ̯]}}

| bet

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɛː}}

| gade {{IPA|[ˈkɛːðə]}}

| bed

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|i}}

| tisse {{IPA|[ˈtsʰisə]}}

| beat

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|iː}}

| mile {{IPA|[ˈmiːlə]}}

| bead

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|o}}

| foto {{IPA|[ˈfoto]}}

| story, but short

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|oː}}

| kone {{IPA|[ˈkʰoːnə]}}

| story

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɔ̝|ɔ}}

| ost {{IPA|[ˈɔst]}} ('cheese')

| RP thought

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɔ̝|ɔː}}

| måle {{IPA|[ˈmɔːlə]}}

| RP law

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ø}}

| nød {{IPA|[ˈnøðˀ]}}

| somewhat like hurt

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|øː}}

| løber {{IPA|[ˈløːpɐ]}} ('runner')

| somewhat like herd

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|œ̝|œ}}

| bønne {{IPA|[ˈpœnə]}}

| somewhat like hurt

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|œ̝|œː}}

| høne {{IPA|[ˈhœːnə]}}

| somewhat like herd

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|œ|ɶ}}

| tør {{IPA|[ˈtsʰɶɐ̯ˀ]}} ('dry')

| somewhat like but

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|œ|ɶː}}

| røre {{IPA|[ˈʁɶːɐ]}}

| somewhat like bud

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|u}}

| ud {{IPA|[ˈuðˀ]}}

| cool (short)

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|uː}}

| hule {{IPA|[ˈhuːlə]}}

| cool (long)

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|y}}

| tyk {{IPA|[ˈtsʰyk]}}

| somewhat like refute

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|yː}}

| synlig {{IPA|[ˈsyːnli]}}

| somewhat like feud

colspan="3" | Unstressed-only
style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɐ}}

| løber {{IPA|[ˈløːpɐ]}} ('runner')

| coda

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ð̩}}

| malet {{IPA|[ˈmɛːlð̩]}}{{refn|name=syllabic|{{IPA|/əð, əl, ən/}} become syllabic consonants {{IPA|[ð̩, l̩, m̩, n̩, ŋ̍]}} in a process known as schwa-assimilation ({{IPA|[m̩, ŋ̍]}} are variants of {{IPA|/ən/}}, assimilated to the place of the preceding consonant). The process also often affects {{IPA|/ə/}} after a long vowel or {{IPA|/ð, j, l, n, v/}}, but these types of assimilation are not as ubiquitous as, and are more contextually constrained than, the aforementioned combinations {{harvcol|Basbøll|2005|pp=293ff}}, so they are not reflected in transcription.}}{{refn|name=softd|For most speakers, the sound represented by {{IPA|[ð]}} is more accurately a velarized laminal alveolar approximant {{IPA|[ð̠˕ˠ]}}. Rarely, it is realized as a fricative.}}

| the book (pronounced quickly)

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ə}}

| hoppe {{IPA|[ˈhʌpə]}}

| focus

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|l̩}}

| gammel {{IPA|[ˈkɑml̩]}}{{refn|name=syllabic}}

| bottle

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|m̩}}

| København {{IPA|[kʰøpm̩ˈhɑwˀn]}}{{refn|name=syllabic}}

| rhythm

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|n̩}}

| vinden {{IPA|[ˈve̝nˀn̩]}} ('the wind'){{refn|name=syllabic}}

| sudden

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ŋ̍}}

| ryggen {{IPA|[ˈʁœkŋ̍]}}{{refn|name=syllabic}}

| Washington

colspan="3" | Non-native
style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɑ̃}}

| assemblé {{IPA|[æsɑ̃ˈple̝]}}

| US croissant

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɑ̃ː}}

| carte blanche {{IPA|[ˌkʰɑːt ˈplɑ̃ːɕ]}}

| US croissant, but longer

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɒ̃}}

| impromptu {{IPA|[æ̃pʰʁɒ̃ˈtsʰy]}}

| RP croissant

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|æ̃}}

| impromptu {{IPA|[æ̃pʰʁɒ̃ˈtsʰy]}}

| coq au vin

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɶ̃}}

| eau de parfum {{IPA|[otəpʰɑˈfɶ̃]}}

| somewhat like hung

|

class="wikitable"

|+ Consonants

! IPA

! Examples

! English approximations

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|ɐ̯}}

| er {{IPA|[ˈɛɐ̯]}}

| near

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɕ}}

| sjat {{IPA|[ˈɕæt]}}

| ship

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɹ|ð}}

| øde {{IPA|[ˈøːðə]}}{{refn|name=softd}}

| weather

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|f}}

| fod {{IPA|[ˈfoðˀ]}}

| fan

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|h}}

| hat {{IPA|[ˈhæt]}}

| heart

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|j}}

| jord {{IPA|[ˈjoɐ̯ˀ]}}, mig {{IPA|[ˈmɑj]}}

| yawn

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|k}}

| god {{IPA|[ˈkoðˀ]}}

| scar

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|kʰ}}

| kone {{IPA|[ˈkʰoːnə]}}

| car

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|l}}

| lykke {{IPA|[ˈløkə]}}

| lake

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|m}}

| mod {{IPA|[ˈmoðˀ]}}

| man

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|n}}

| node {{IPA|[ˈnoːðə]}}

| nap

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ŋ}}

| lang {{IPA|[ˈlɑŋˀ]}}

| ring

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|p}}

| bog {{IPA|[ˈpɔwˀ]}}

| spot

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|pʰ}}

| pol {{IPA|[ˈpʰoˀl]}}

| pot

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ʁ}}

| rød {{IPA|[ˈʁœðˀ]}}

| French parler

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|s}}

| sod {{IPA|[ˈsoðˀ]}}

| between sip and ship (retracted)

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|t}}

| dåb {{IPA|[ˈtɔˀp]}}

| start

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|tɕ}}

| tjener {{IPA|[ˈtɕeːnɐ]}}

| chin

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ts|tsʰ}}

| tak {{IPA|[ˈtsʰɑk]}}

| tart

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ʋ|v}}

| våd {{IPA|[ˈvɔðˀ]}}

| very

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|w}}

| hav {{IPA|[ˈhɑw]}} ('ocean')

| cow

colspan="3" | Non-native
style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ç}}

| liechtensteiner {{IPA|[ˈliçtn̩ˌstɑjnɐ]}}

| hue

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ɹ}}

| ragtime {{IPA|[ˈɹækˌtsʰɑjm]}}

| right

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|ʃ}}

| nachspiel {{IPA|[ˈnɑχˌʃpiːl]}}

| shine

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|θ}}

| thriller {{IPA|[ˈθɹilɐ]}}

| thick

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|χ}}

| nachspiel {{IPA|[ˈnɑχˌʃpiːl]}}

| Scottish loch

class="wikitable"

|+ Suprasegmentals

! IPA

! Example

! Description

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA|ˈ  ˌ}}

| husmor {{IPA|[ˈhusˌmoɐ̯]}}

| stress (places before the stressed syllable){{refn|In Standard Copenhagen Danish, a stressed syllable has a lower pitch than the following unstressed syllable, which then has a high-falling pitch.}}

style="text-align: center;" | {{IPA link|◌̰|ˀ}}

| hun hund {{IPA|audio=DA-stød ex Hun Hund.ogg|[ˈhun ˈhunˀ]|help=no}}

| stød{{refn|Stød, which is realized most often as creaky voice (found in English as the vocal fry register; {{angbr IPA|◌̰}} in standard IPA), can only occur after a long vowel or a sequence of a short vowel and {{IPA|[ð, j, l, m, n, ŋ, w, ɐ̯]}} in a stressed syllable. Phonologically long vowels with stød are shorter in realization, so they are transcribed as short in this guide (cf. pæn {{IPA|/ˈpɛːˀn/ [ˈpʰeˀn]}} 'nice', pen {{IPA|/ˈpɛnˀ/ [ˈpʰenˀ]}} 'pen').}}

|}

Comparison of transcription schemes

Transcriptions of Danish in linguistic and lexicographic literature deviate from the standard IPA in many aspects to dispense with diacritics and to maintain resemblance to the Dania transcription, which was influential in the development of Danish linguistics and maintains resemblance to Danish orthography. The conventions of this guide, on the other hand, seek adherence to standard IPA usage as much as possible so that readers who are already familiar with the standard IPA do not have to look up or remember the value of each symbol in the Danish tradition.

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%;"
class="nowrap" style="font-size: 80%;"

! Wiki-
pedia

! Example

! #{{harvid

! [https://ordnet.dk/ddo/artiklernes-opbygning/udtale Den
Danske
Ordbog]

! #{{harvid

! #{{harvid

! #{{harvid

! #{{harvid

! [https://www.ordbogen.com/ Politikens
Nudansk
Ordbog]

! Narrow
tran-
scription{{sfnp|Basbøll|2005}}

colspan="10" style="font-size: 80%;" | Vowels
rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɑ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | takke, sejle

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɑ

| class="IPA" | ɑ

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɑ

| class="IPA" | α

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | a

| style="font-family: serif;" | α, α̇{{refn|name=alpha|Though indistinguishable in some fonts, {{angbr|1=α}} for {{IPA|[ɑ]}} is the italic Greek alpha, not the Latin alpha, {{angbr|1=ɑ}}, which represents {{IPA|[æ]}} in Dania.}}

| style="font-family: serif;" | α{{refn|name=alpha}}

| rowspan="2" | {{IPAblink|ɑ̈}}

style="font-size: 80%;" | kræft

| class="IPA" | a

| class="IPA" | æ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɑ̈

| style="font-family: serif;" | ä

class="IPA" | ɑː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | trane, arne

| class="IPA" | ɑː

| class="IPA" | ɑː

| class="IPA" | ɑː

| class="IPA" | αː

| class="IPA" | aː

| style="font-family: serif;" | α·{{refn|name=alpha}}

| style="font-family: serif;" | α·{{refn|name=alpha}}

| {{IPAblink|ɑ̈ː}}

class="IPA" | ʌ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | måtte

| class="IPA" | ʌ

| class="IPA" | ʌ

| class="IPA" | ʌ

| class="IPA" | ʌ

| class="IPA" | ɒ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɔ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɔ

| {{IPAblink|ɒ|ɒ̽}}

class="IPA" | ɒ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | vor

| class="IPA" | ɒ

| class="IPA" | ɒ

| class="IPA" | ɒ

| class="IPA" | ɔ

| class="IPA" | ɒ

| style="font-family: serif;" | å{{refn|name=oblique|{{angbr|1=å}} for {{IPA|[ɒ]}} is oblique in print, but here shown in normal type because its italic form is indistinguishable from {{angbr|1=ɑ̊}}, which represents {{IPA|[ɔ]}}, in most serif fonts.}}

| rowspan="2" style="font-family: serif;" | år{{refn|On Ordbogen.com, {{angbr|1=år}} represents {{IPA|[ɒː]}} when stressed and {{IPA|[ɒ]}} when unstressed.}}

| {{IPAblink|ɔ|ɒ̝}}

class="IPA" | ɒː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | tårne

| class="IPA" | ɒː

| class="IPA" | ɒː

| class="IPA" | ɒː

| class="IPA" | ɔː

| class="IPA" | ɒː

| style="font-family: serif;" | å·{{refn|name=oblique}}

| {{IPAblink|ɔ|ɒ̝ː}}

rowspan="2" class="IPA" | æ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | malle

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | a

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | a

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | a

| class="IPA" | a

| class="IPA" | æ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɑ

| style="font-family: serif;" | a

| {{IPAblink|æ}}

style="font-size: 80%;" | række

| class="IPA" | æ

| class="IPA" | aɪ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɑ̈

| style="font-family: serif;" | ä

| {{IPAblink|a}}

class="IPA" | æː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | græde

| class="IPA" | aː

| class="IPA" | aː

| class="IPA" | ɑː{{refn|name=groennum|Grønnum describes the speech of younger speakers than do other sources. This key follows the latter, which describe varieties where {{IPA|[æː, œ, œː, u, uː]}} can follow {{IPA|[ʁ]}} and {{IPA|[eː]}} can precede {{IPA|[ɐ]}}.}}

| class="IPA" | aː

| class="IPA" | æː

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɑ̈ð

| style="font-family: serif;" | ä·

| {{IPAblink|æː}}

class="IPA" | e̝

| style="font-size: 80%;" | list

| class="IPA" | e

| class="IPA" | e

| class="IPA" | e

| class="IPA" | e

| class="IPA" | e

| style="font-family: serif;" | e

| style="font-family: serif;" | e

| {{IPAblink|e̝}}

class="IPA" | e̝ː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | mele

| class="IPA" | eː

| class="IPA" | eː

| class="IPA" | eː

| class="IPA" | eː

| class="IPA" | eː

| style="font-family: serif;" | e·

| style="font-family: serif;" | e·

| {{IPAblink|e̝ː}}

rowspan="2" class="IPA" | e

| style="font-size: 80%;" | læst

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɛ

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɛ

| class="IPA" | ɛ

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɛ

| class="IPA" | ɛ

| rowspan="2" style="font-family: serif;" | æ

| rowspan="2" style="font-family: serif;" | æ

| {{IPAblink|e}}

style="font-size: 80%;" | brist

| class="IPA" | æ

| class="IPA" | æ

| {{IPAblink|e̞}}

rowspan="2" class="IPA" | eː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | mæle, bære

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɛː

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɛː

| class="IPA" | ɛː, æː{{refn|name=groennum}}

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɛː

| class="IPA" | ɛː, æː

| style="font-family: serif;" | æ·

| rowspan="2" style="font-family: serif;" | æ·

| {{IPAblink|eː}}

style="font-size: 80%;" | grene, kræse

| class="IPA" | æː

| class="IPA" | æː

| style="font-family: serif;" | æ·, æᶖ{{refn|name=i-hook}}

| {{IPA|[e̞ː~e̞j]}}

class="IPA" | ɛ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | bær

| class="IPA" | æ

| class="IPA" | æ

| class="IPA" | æ

| class="IPA" | æ

| class="IPA" | æ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɑ̇

| style="font-family: serif;" | ä

| {{IPAblink|ɛ}}

class="IPA" | ɛː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | male

| class="IPA" | æː

| class="IPA" | æː

| class="IPA" | æː

| class="IPA" | aː

| class="IPA" | æː

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɑ̇·

| style="font-family: serif;" | a·

| {{IPAblink|ɛː}}

class="IPA" | i

| style="font-size: 80%;" | mis

| class="IPA" | i

| class="IPA" | i

| class="IPA" | i

| class="IPA" | i

| class="IPA" | i

| style="font-family: serif;" | i

| style="font-family: serif;" | i

| {{IPAblink|i}}

class="IPA" | iː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | mile

| class="IPA" | iː

| class="IPA" | iː

| class="IPA" | iː

| class="IPA" | iː

| class="IPA" | iː

| style="font-family: serif;" | i·

| style="font-family: serif;" | i·

| {{IPAblink|iː}}

class="IPA" | o

| style="font-size: 80%;" | foto

| class="IPA" | o

| class="IPA" | o

| class="IPA" | o

| class="IPA" | o

| class="IPA" | o

| style="font-family: serif;" | o

| style="font-family: serif;" | o

| {{IPAblink|o̝}}

class="IPA" | oː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | mole

| class="IPA" | oː

| class="IPA" | oː

| class="IPA" | oː

| class="IPA" | oː

| class="IPA" | oː

| style="font-family: serif;" | o·

| style="font-family: serif;" | o·

| {{IPAblink|o̝ː}}

class="IPA" | ɔ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | ost

| class="IPA" | ɔ

| class="IPA" | ɔ

| class="IPA" | ɔ

| class="IPA" | å

| class="IPA" | ɔ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɑ̊

| style="font-family: serif;" | å

| {{IPAblink|ɔ̽}}

class="IPA" | ɔː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | måle

| class="IPA" | ɔː

| class="IPA" | ɔː

| class="IPA" | ɔː

| class="IPA" | åː

| class="IPA" | ɔː

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɑ̊·

| style="font-family: serif;" | å·

| {{IPAblink|ɔ̽ː}}

class="IPA" | ø

| style="font-size: 80%;" | kys

| class="IPA" | ø

| class="IPA" | ø

| class="IPA" | ø

| class="IPA" | ø

| class="IPA" | ø

| style="font-family: serif;" | ø

| style="font-family: serif;" | ø

| {{IPAblink|ø}}

class="IPA" | øː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | køle

| class="IPA" | øː

| class="IPA" | øː

| class="IPA" | øː

| class="IPA" | øː

| class="IPA" | øː

| style="font-family: serif;" | ø·

| style="font-family: serif;" | ø·

| {{IPAblink|øː}}

class="IPA" | œ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | høns, grynt

| class="IPA" | œ

| class="IPA" | œ

| class="IPA" | œ, œ̞{{refn|name=groennum}}

| class="IPA" | ö

| class="IPA" | œ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ö

| style="font-family: serif;" | ö

| {{IPAblink|œ̝}}

class="IPA" | œː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | høne, røbe

| class="IPA" | œː

| class="IPA" | œː

| class="IPA" | œː, œ̞ː{{refn|name=groennum}}

| class="IPA" | öː

| class="IPA" | œː

| style="font-family: serif;" | ö·

| style="font-family: serif;" | ö·

| {{IPAblink|œ̝ː}}

rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɶ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | gør

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɶ

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɶ

| class="IPA" | œ̞

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɔ̈

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | ɶ

| rowspan="2" style="font-family: serif;" | ɔ̈

| rowspan="2" style="font-family: serif;" | ɔ̈

| {{IPAblink|œ}}

style="font-size: 80%;" | grøn

| class="IPA" | ɶ

| {{IPAblink|ɶ|ɶ̝}}

class="IPA" | ɶː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | gøre

| class="IPA" | ɶː

| class="IPA" | ɶː

| class="IPA" | œ̞ː

| class="IPA" | ɔ̈ː

| class="IPA" | ɶː

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɔ̈·

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɔ̈·

| {{IPAblink|œː}}

class="IPA" | u

| style="font-size: 80%;" | guld, brusk

| class="IPA" | u

| class="IPA" | u

| class="IPA" | u, o{{refn|name=groennum}}

| class="IPA" | u

| class="IPA" | u

| style="font-family: serif;" | u

| style="font-family: serif;" | u

| {{IPAblink|u}}

class="IPA" | uː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | mule, ruse

| class="IPA" | uː

| class="IPA" | uː

| class="IPA" | uː, oː{{refn|name=groennum}}

| class="IPA" | uː

| class="IPA" | uː

| style="font-family: serif;" | u·

| style="font-family: serif;" | u·

| {{IPAblink|uː}}

class="IPA" | y

| style="font-size: 80%;" | lyt

| class="IPA" | y

| class="IPA" | y

| class="IPA" | y

| class="IPA" | y

| class="IPA" | y

| style="font-family: serif;" | y

| style="font-family: serif;" | y

| {{IPAblink|y}}

class="IPA" | yː

| style="font-size: 80%;" | kyle

| class="IPA" | yː

| class="IPA" | yː

| class="IPA" | yː

| class="IPA" | yː

| class="IPA" | yː

| style="font-family: serif;" | y·

| style="font-family: serif;" | y·

| {{IPAblink|yː}}

colspan="10" style="font-size: 80%;" | Unstressed-only
class="IPA" | ɐ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | fatter

| class="IPA" | ɐ

| class="IPA" | ʌ

| class="IPA" | ɐ

| class="IPA" | ʌ

| class="IPA" | ɐ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɔ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɔ

| {{IPAblink|ɒ|ɒ̽}}

class="IPA" | ð̩

| style="font-size: 80%;" | måned

| class="IPA" | ð̩

| class="IPA" | əð

| class="IPA" | ð̩

| class="IPA" | əð

| class="IPA" | ɤ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ð̩

| style="font-family: serif;" | əð

| {{IPA|[ð̩˕˗ˠ]}}

class="IPA" | ə

| style="font-size: 80%;" | hoppe

| class="IPA" | ə

| class="IPA" | ə

| class="IPA" | ə

| class="IPA" | ə

| class="IPA" | ə

| style="font-family: serif;" | ə

| style="font-family: serif;" | ə

| {{IPAblink|ə}}

class="IPA" | l̩

| style="font-size: 80%;" | gammel

| class="IPA" | l̩

| class="IPA" | əl

| class="IPA" | l̩

| class="IPA" | əl

| class="IPA" | l

| style="font-family: serif;" | l̩

| style="font-family: serif;" | əl

| {{IPA|[l̩]}}

class="IPA" | m̩

| style="font-size: 80%;" | hoppen

| class="IPA" | m̩

| rowspan="3" class="IPA" | ən

| class="IPA" | m̩

| rowspan="3" class="IPA" | ən

| class="IPA" | m

| style="font-family: serif;" | m̩

| rowspan="3" style="font-family: serif;" | ən

| {{IPA|[m̩]}}

class="IPA" | n̩

| style="font-size: 80%;" | hesten

| class="IPA" | n̩

| class="IPA" | n̩

| class="IPA" | n

| style="font-family: serif;" | n̩

| {{IPA|[n̩]}}

class="IPA" | ŋ̍

| style="font-size: 80%;" | pakken

| class="IPA" | ŋ̩

| class="IPA" | ŋ̩

| class="IPA" | ŋ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ŋ̩

| {{IPA|[ŋ̍]}}

colspan="10" style="font-size: 80%;" | Consonants
class="IPA" | ɐ̯

| style="font-size: 80%;" | smør

| class="IPA" | ɐ̯

| class="IPA" | ɐ̯

| class="IPA" | ɐ̯

| class="IPA" | ʀ

| class="IPA" | ɐ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɹ

| style="font-family: serif;" | r

| {{IPA|[ɒ̯̽]}}

class="IPA" | ɕ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | sjat

| class="IPA" | ɕ

| class="IPA" | ɕ

| class="IPA" | ɕ

| class="IPA" | ʃ

| class="IPA" | ɕ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ᶊ

| style="font-family: serif;" | sj

| {{IPAblink|ɕ}}

class="IPA" | ð

| style="font-size: 80%;" | mad

| class="IPA" | ð

| class="IPA" | ð

| class="IPA" | ð

| class="IPA" | ð

| class="IPA" | ɤ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ð

| style="font-family: serif;" | ð

| {{IPAblink|ɹ|ð̠˕ˠ}}

class="IPA" | f

| style="font-size: 80%;" | fisk

| class="IPA" | f

| class="IPA" | f

| class="IPA" | f

| class="IPA" | f

| class="IPA" | f

| style="font-family: serif;" | f

| style="font-family: serif;" | f

| {{IPAblink|f}}

class="IPA" | h

| style="font-size: 80%;" | hus

| class="IPA" | h

| class="IPA" | h

| class="IPA" | h

| class="IPA" | h

| class="IPA" | h

| style="font-family: serif;" | h

| style="font-family: serif;" | h

| {{IPAblink|h}}

rowspan="2" class="IPA" | j

| style="font-size: 80%;" | jul

| class="IPA" | j

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | j

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | j

| rowspan="2" class="IPA" | j

| class="IPA" | j

| style="font-family: serif;" | j

| rowspan="2" style="font-family: serif;" | j

| rowspan="2" | {{IPAblink|j}}

style="font-size: 80%;" | mig

| class="IPA" | ɪ̯

| class="IPA" | ɪ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ᶖ{{refn|name=i-hook|In print, the rightward hook in {{angbr|1=ᶖ}} extends directly from the stem of {{angbr|1=i}} (somewhat like {{angbr|1=ɭ̇}} but shorter).}}

class="IPA" | k

| style="font-size: 80%;" | gås

| class="IPA" | ɡ̊

| class="IPA" | ɡ

| class="IPA" | ɡ̊

| class="IPA" | g

| class="IPA" | k

| style="font-family: serif;" | ɡ

| style="font-family: serif;" | g

| {{IPAblink|k}}

class="IPA" | kʰ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | kål

| class="IPA" | kʰ

| class="IPA" | k

| class="IPA" | kʰ

| class="IPA" | k

| class="IPA" | kʰ

| style="font-family: serif;" | k

| style="font-family: serif;" | k

| {{IPA|[kʰ]}}

class="IPA" | l

| style="font-size: 80%;" | lås

| class="IPA" | l

| class="IPA" | l

| class="IPA" | l

| class="IPA" | l

| class="IPA" | l

| style="font-family: serif;" | l

| style="font-family: serif;" | l

| {{IPAblink|l}}

class="IPA" | m

| style="font-size: 80%;" | mus

| class="IPA" | m

| class="IPA" | m

| class="IPA" | m

| class="IPA" | m

| class="IPA" | m

| style="font-family: serif;" | m

| style="font-family: serif;" | m

| {{IPAblink|m}}

class="IPA" | n

| style="font-size: 80%;" | ni

| class="IPA" | n

| class="IPA" | n

| class="IPA" | n

| class="IPA" | n

| class="IPA" | n

| style="font-family: serif;" | n

| style="font-family: serif;" | n

| {{IPAblink|n}}

class="IPA" | ŋ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | perron

| class="IPA" | ŋ

| class="IPA" | ŋ

| class="IPA" | ŋ

| class="IPA" | ŋ

| class="IPA" | ŋ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ŋ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ŋ

| {{IPAblink|ŋ}}

class="IPA" | p

| style="font-size: 80%;" | bål

| class="IPA" | b̥

| class="IPA" | b

| class="IPA" | b̥

| class="IPA" | b

| class="IPA" | p

| style="font-family: serif;" | b

| style="font-family: serif;" | b

| {{IPAblink|p}}

class="IPA" | pʰ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | pille

| class="IPA" | pʰ

| class="IPA" | p

| class="IPA" | pʰ

| class="IPA" | p

| class="IPA" | pʰ

| style="font-family: serif;" | p

| style="font-family: serif;" | p

| {{IPA|[pʰ]}}

class="IPA" | ʁ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | rose

| class="IPA" | ʁ

| class="IPA" | ʁ

| class="IPA" | ʁ

| class="IPA" | r

| class="IPA" | ʁ

| style="font-family: serif;" | r

| style="font-family: serif;" | r

| {{IPAblink|ʁ̞}}

class="IPA" | s

| style="font-size: 80%;" | sæl

| class="IPA" | s

| class="IPA" | s

| class="IPA" | s

| class="IPA" | s

| class="IPA" | s

| style="font-family: serif;" | s

| style="font-family: serif;" | s

| {{IPAblink|s}}

class="IPA" | t

| style="font-size: 80%;" | dåse

| class="IPA" | d̥

| class="IPA" | d

| class="IPA" | d̥

| class="IPA" | d

| class="IPA" | t

| style="font-family: serif;" | d

| style="font-family: serif;" | d

| {{IPAblink|t}}

class="IPA" | tɕ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | tjene

| class="IPA" | tˢj

| class="IPA" | tj

| class="IPA" | t͡ɕ

| class="IPA" | tj

| class="IPA" | tɕ

| style="font-family: serif;" | tj

| style="font-family: serif;" | tj

| {{IPAblink|tɕ}}

class="IPA" | tsʰ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | taske

| class="IPA" | tˢ

| class="IPA" | t

| class="IPA" | tˢ

| class="IPA" | t

| class="IPA" | ts

| style="font-family: serif;" | t

| style="font-family: serif;" | t

| {{IPAblink|ts|tsʰ}}

class="IPA" | v

| style="font-size: 80%;" | vams

| class="IPA" | v

| class="IPA" | v

| class="IPA" | v

| class="IPA" | v

| class="IPA" | v

| style="font-family: serif;" | v

| style="font-family: serif;" | v

| {{IPAblink|ʋ}}

class="IPA" | w

| style="font-size: 80%;" | hav

| class="IPA" | ʊ̯

| class="IPA" | w

| class="IPA" | w

| class="IPA" | w

| class="IPA" | ʊ

| style="font-family: serif;" | w

| style="font-family: serif;" | w

| {{IPAblink|w}}

colspan="10" style="font-size: 80%;" | Stød and stress
class="IPA" | ˈtsʰiˀ

| style="font-size: 80%;" | ti

| class="IPA" | ˈtˢiːˀ

| class="IPA" | ˈtiˀ

| class="IPA" | ˈtˢiːˀ

| class="IPA" | ˈtiːʼ

| class="IPA" | ˈtsḭː

| style="font-family: serif;" | ˈtiʼ

| style="font-family: serif;" | ˈtiʼ

| {{IPA|[ˈtsʰḭˑ]}}

Notes

{{reflist|30em}}

References

{{refbegin}}

  • {{cite book

|last=Basbøll

|first=Hans

|author-link=Hans Basbøll

|year=2005

|title=The Phonology of Danish

|publisher=Oxford University Press

|isbn=0-203-97876-5

}}

  • {{cite book

|last1=Brink

|first1=Lars

|last2=Lund

|first2=Jørn

|last3=Heger

|first3=Steffen

|last4=Jørgensen

|first4=J. Normann

|year=1991

|title=Den Store Danske Udtaleordbog

|location=Copenhagen

|publisher=Munksgaard

|isbn=87-16-06649-9

}}

  • {{cite book

|last=Grønnum

|first=Nina

|author-link=Nina Grønnum

|year=2005

|title=Fonetik og fonologi: almen og dansk

|edition=3rd

|location=Copenhagen

|publisher=Akademisk Forlag

|isbn=87-500-3865-6

}}

  • {{cite book

|last=Molbæk Hansen

|first=Peter

|year=1990

|title=Udtaleordbog

|location=Copenhagen

|publisher=Gyldendal

|isbn=978-87-02-05895-6

}}

  • {{cite book

|last1=Schachtenhaufen

|first1=Ruben

|last2=Ipsen

|first2=Michael Bach

|last3=Fabrin

|first3=Mikael

|year=2024

|title=Dansk Udtaleordbog: Contemporary Danish Pronunciation

|location=Copenhagen

|publisher=Modersmål-Selskabet

|isbn=978-87-93708-95-2

}}

{{refend}}

See also

  • {{clc|Pages with Danish IPA|pages}}

External links

  • [https://en.udtaleordbog.dk/ Danish pronunciation dictionary] (uses its own IPA-based transcription scheme)
  • [https://sproghistorie.dk/lydsystem/ Overview of the Danish sound system] {{spoken}}

{{IPA keys}}