Help:IPA/Inupiaq

{{IPA key|H:IPA-IK}}

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Alaskan Inuit pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.

See Inuit phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Inupiaq and other Inuit languages.

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

|+ Consonants{{efn|name=geminate|Between vowels, Inupiaq consonants can occur either short or long. In IPA, long consonants may be written doubled or be followed by the length sign: {{IPA|/nn/}} or {{IPA|/nː/}}.}}

IPAExamplesnearest English equivalent
{{IPAlink|h}}

| align="left"| savił̣haq{{efn|name=qh}}

|align="left"| ahead

{{IPAlink|ɣ}}

| align="left"| agiaq

|align="left"| Spanish fuego, roughly like ugh

{{IPAlink|j}}

| align="left"| qayaq

|align="left"| yes

{{IPAlink|k}}

| align="left"| kataktuq

|align="left"| ski

{{IPAlink|l}}

| align="left"| alapittuq

|align="left"| land

{{IPAlink|ɬ}}

| align="left"| iłuaqtuq

|align="left"| By getting the tongue up to the roof and giving a quick breath out; Welsh llwyd.

{{IPAlink|ʎ}}

| align="left"| iaga

|align="left"|like, but more of a y-like sound

{{IPAlink|ʎ̥}}

| align="left"| sikł̣aq

|align="left"| Above, but whispered.

{{IPAlink|m}}

| align="left"| mannik

|align="left"| man

{{IPAlink|n}}

| align="left"| nuna

|align="left"| now

{{IPAlink|ŋ}}

| align="left"| iġñiiŋ

|align="left"| sing

{{IPAlink|ɲ}}

| align="left"| iñuk

|align="left"| onion, Spanish ñ

{{IPAlink|p}}

| align="left"| putu

|align="left"| spoil

{{IPAlink|q}}

| align="left"| qupak

|align="left"| like k but further down the throat

{{IPAlink|ʁ}}

| align="left"| niġiruq

|align="left"| French rester

{{IPAlink|s}}

| align="left"| sisuruq

|align="left"| soon

{{IPAlink|ʂ}}

| align="left"| iqsraq

|align="left"| shrub, but retroflex

{{IPAlink|t}}

| align="left"| talu

|align="left"| stop

{{IPAlink|tʃ}}

| align="left"| iñuich, tikikaa

|align="left"| rich

{{IPAlink|v}}

| align="left"| kiviruq{{efn|name=labial|The labial fricative {{IPA|/v/}} and its voiceless allophone are labiodental {{IPA|[v, f]}} in some dialects and bilabial {{IPA|[β, ɸ]}} in others.}}

|align="left"| love

{{IPAlink|ʐ}}

| align="left"| iri

|align="left"| pleasure but retroflex

colspan=3 | Marginal sounds
{{IPAlink|f}}

| align="left"| tavsi{{efn|name=labial}}

|align="left"| after

{{IPAlink|ɴ}}

| align="left"| iġñiq

|align="left"| like n but further down the throat

{{IPAlink|x}}

| align="left"| akłaq,{{efn|name=preconsonantal}} siñikhuni

|align="left"| loch (Scottish English)

{{IPAlink|χ}}

| align="left"| mayuqłuŋa,{{efn|name=preconsonantal|{{IPA|/k, q/}} can have fricative allophones {{IPA|[x, χ]}}, respectively, before consonants.}} anniqhuni{{efn|name=qh|{{IPAblink|χ}} exists as a separate sound in some dialects, but is merged into {{IPAslink|h

} in others.}}

|align="left"| like above but deepened

|}

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|+ Vowels{{efn|name=vowels|Inupiaq has three vowel phonemes {{IPA|/a, i, u/}}, which combine in every permutation to form three short vowels, three long vowels, and six diphthongs.}}

IPAExamplesnearest English equivalent
{{IPAlink|aː}}

| align="left"| aapa

|align="left"| mad (long)

{{IPAlink|ɑ}}

| align="left"| nuqaqti{{efn|name=lower|The short vowels {{IPA|/ɐ, i, u/}} are lowered to {{IPA|[ɑ, e, o]}}, respectively, when adjacent to uvular consonants {{IPA|/q, ʁ/}}.}}

|align="left"| father (short)

{{IPAlink|ɐ}}

| align="left"| amiq

|align="left"| nut

{{IPAlink|e}}

| align="left"| qiquayak{{efn|name=lower}}

|align="left"|bed (Australian English)

{{IPAlink|iː}}

| align="left"| kiigaa

|align="left"| knee

{{IPAlink|i}}

| align="left"| iki

|align="left"| really

{{IPAlink|o}}

| align="left"| mitquq{{efn|name=lower}}

|align="left"|story

{{IPAlink|uː}}

| align="left"| kuuk

|align="left"| cool (long)

{{IPAlink|u}}

| align="left"| niġirugut

|align="left"| cool (short)

colspan=3| Diphthongs
{{IPA|ai}}

| align="left"| aivig

|align="left"| irate

{{IPA|au}}

| align="left"| auk

|align="left"| how

{{IPA|ia}}

| align="left"| qiaruq

|align="left"| fiat

{{IPA|iu}}

| align="left"| kiugaa

|align="left"| cute

{{IPA|ua}}

| align="left"| uamittuq

|align="left"| quack

{{IPA|ui}}

| align="left"| uiga

|align="left"| booyah; Gruyère

Notes

{{notelist}}

See also

  • {{clc|Pages with Inupiaq IPA|pages}}

{{IPA keys}}