Help:IPA/Inupiaq
{{IPA key|H:IPA-IK}}
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Alaskan Inuit pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.
See Inuit phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Inupiaq and other Inuit languages.
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|+ Consonants{{efn|name=geminate|Between vowels, Inupiaq consonants can occur either short or long. In IPA, long consonants may be written doubled or be followed by the length sign: {{IPA|/nn/}} or {{IPA|/nː/}}.}} | ||
IPA | Examples | nearest English equivalent |
---|---|---|
{{IPAlink|h}}
| align="left"| savił̣haq{{efn|name=qh}} |align="left"| ahead | ||
{{IPAlink|ɣ}}
| align="left"| agiaq |align="left"| Spanish fuego, roughly like ugh | ||
{{IPAlink|j}}
| align="left"| qayaq |align="left"| yes | ||
{{IPAlink|k}}
| align="left"| kataktuq |align="left"| ski | ||
{{IPAlink|l}}
| align="left"| alapittuq |align="left"| land | ||
{{IPAlink|ɬ}}
| align="left"| iłuaqtuq |align="left"| By getting the tongue up to the roof and giving a quick breath out; Welsh llwyd. | ||
{{IPAlink|ʎ}}
| align="left"| iḷaga |align="left"|like, but more of a y-like sound | ||
{{IPAlink|ʎ̥}}
| align="left"| sikł̣aq |align="left"| Above, but whispered. | ||
{{IPAlink|m}}
| align="left"| mannik |align="left"| man | ||
{{IPAlink|n}}
| align="left"| nuna |align="left"| now | ||
{{IPAlink|ŋ}}
| align="left"| iġñiiŋ |align="left"| sing | ||
{{IPAlink|ɲ}}
| align="left"| iñuk |align="left"| onion, Spanish ñ | ||
{{IPAlink|p}}
| align="left"| putu |align="left"| spoil | ||
{{IPAlink|q}}
| align="left"| qupak |align="left"| like k but further down the throat | ||
{{IPAlink|ʁ}}
| align="left"| niġiruq |align="left"| French rester | ||
{{IPAlink|s}}
| align="left"| sisuruq |align="left"| soon | ||
{{IPAlink|ʂ}}
| align="left"| iqsraq |align="left"| shrub, but retroflex | ||
{{IPAlink|t}}
| align="left"| talu |align="left"| stop | ||
{{IPAlink|tʃ}}
| align="left"| iñuich, tikiṭkaa |align="left"| rich | ||
{{IPAlink|v}}
| align="left"| kiviruq{{efn|name=labial|The labial fricative {{IPA|/v/}} and its voiceless allophone are labiodental {{IPA|[v, f]}} in some dialects and bilabial {{IPA|[β, ɸ]}} in others.}} |align="left"| love | ||
{{IPAlink|ʐ}}
| align="left"| iri |align="left"| pleasure but retroflex | ||
colspan=3 | Marginal sounds | ||
{{IPAlink|f}}
| align="left"| tavsi{{efn|name=labial}} |align="left"| after | ||
{{IPAlink|ɴ}}
| align="left"| iġñiq |align="left"| like n but further down the throat | ||
{{IPAlink|x}}
| align="left"| akłaq,{{efn|name=preconsonantal}} siñikhuni |align="left"| loch (Scottish English) | ||
{{IPAlink|χ}}
| align="left"| mayuqłuŋa,{{efn|name=preconsonantal|{{IPA|/k, q/}} can have fricative allophones {{IPA|[x, χ]}}, respectively, before consonants.}} anniqhuni{{efn|name=qh|{{IPAblink|χ}} exists as a separate sound in some dialects, but is merged into {{IPAslink|h |
|align="left"| like above but deepened
|}
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|+ Vowels{{efn|name=vowels|Inupiaq has three vowel phonemes {{IPA|/a, i, u/}}, which combine in every permutation to form three short vowels, three long vowels, and six diphthongs.}} | ||
IPA | Examples | nearest English equivalent |
---|---|---|
{{IPAlink|aː}}
| align="left"| aapa |align="left"| mad (long) | ||
{{IPAlink|ɑ}}
| align="left"| nuqaqti{{efn|name=lower|The short vowels {{IPA|/ɐ, i, u/}} are lowered to {{IPA|[ɑ, e, o]}}, respectively, when adjacent to uvular consonants {{IPA|/q, ʁ/}}.}} |align="left"| father (short) | ||
{{IPAlink|ɐ}}
| align="left"| amiq |align="left"| nut | ||
{{IPAlink|e}}
| align="left"| qiquayak{{efn|name=lower}} |align="left"|bed (Australian English) | ||
{{IPAlink|iː}}
| align="left"| kiigaa |align="left"| knee | ||
{{IPAlink|i}}
| align="left"| iki |align="left"| really | ||
{{IPAlink|o}}
| align="left"| mitquq{{efn|name=lower}} |align="left"|story | ||
{{IPAlink|uː}}
| align="left"| kuuk |align="left"| cool (long) | ||
{{IPAlink|u}}
| align="left"| niġirugut |align="left"| cool (short) | ||
colspan=3| Diphthongs | ||
{{IPA|ai}}
| align="left"| aivig |align="left"| irate | ||
{{IPA|au}}
| align="left"| auk |align="left"| how | ||
{{IPA|ia}}
| align="left"| qiaruq |align="left"| fiat | ||
{{IPA|iu}}
| align="left"| kiugaa |align="left"| cute | ||
{{IPA|ua}}
| align="left"| uamittuq |align="left"| quack | ||
{{IPA|ui}}
| align="left"| uiga |align="left"| booyah; Gruyère |
Notes
{{notelist}}
See also
- {{clc|Pages with Inupiaq IPA|pages}}
{{IPA keys}}