Help:IPA/Shan and Tai Lue

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Shan and Tai Lue pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA, and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.

style="vertical-align:top;" \| {\|class=wikitable style="margin: 1em; text-align: center;" ! colspan="5" \| Consonants
IPA	Shan !Burmese ! New Tai Lue	English approximation
{{IPAlink\|b}} \| ၿ In foreign words \|ဘ \| ᦢ,ᦥ	style="text-align:left;" \| abash
{{IPAlink\|d}} \| ၻ,ꩨ \|ဒ \| ᦡ,ᦤ	style="text-align:left;" \| ado
{{IPAlink\|f}} \| ၾ \|ဖှ \| ᦚ,ᦝ	style="text-align:left;" \| food
{{IPAlink\|ɡ}} \| ၷ \|ဂ \| —	style="text-align:left;" \| good
{{IPAlink\|h}} \| ႁ \|ဟ \| ᦠ,ᦣ	style="text-align:left;" \| head
{{IPAlink\|j}} \| ယ \|ယ \| ᦊ,ᦍ	style="text-align:left;" \| yak
{{IPAlink\|k}} \| ၵ \|က \| ᦂ,ᦅ	style="text-align:left;" \| scan
{{IPAlink\|kʰ}}/kʰ/ and /x/ are in free variation. \| ၶ \|ခ \| ᦃ,ᦆ	style="text-align:left;" \| can
{{IPAlink\|l}} \| လ,ꩮ \|လ \| ᦜ,ᦟ	style="text-align:left;" \| live
{{IPAlink\|m}} \| မ \|မ \| ᦖ,ᦙ	style="text-align:left;" \| much
{{IPAlink\|n}} \| ၼ \|န \| ᦐ,ᦓ	style="text-align:left;" \| not
{{IPAlink\|ŋ}} \| င \|င \| ᦄ,ᦇ	style="text-align:left;" \| bang
{{IPAlink\|ɲ}} \| ၺ \|ည \| —	style="text-align:left;" \| canyon
{{IPAlink\|p}} \| ပ \|ပ \| ᦔ,ᦗ	style="text-align:left;" \| span
{{IPAlink\|pʰ}} \| ၽ \|ဖ \| ᦕ,ᦘ	style="text-align:left;" \| pan
{{IPAlink\|r}} \| ရ,꩹ \|ရ \| ᦣ	style="text-align:left;" \| roughly like water (American English)
{{IPAlink\|s}} \| ၸ Sometimes /s/ and /ts/ are used interchangeably. \|စ \| ᦉ,ᦌ	style="text-align:left;" \| sue
{{IPA\|sʰ}} \| သ \|ဆ \| —	style="text-align:left;" \| grasshopper
{{IPAlink\|ʃ}} \| သျ \|ရှ \| —	style="text-align:left;" \| shoe
{{IPAlink\|t}} \| တ,ꩦ \|တ \| ᦎ,ᦑ	style="text-align:left;" \| stable
{{IPAlink\|tʰ}} \| ထ,ꩧ,ꩪ,ꩩ \|ထ \| ᦏ,ᦒ	style="text-align:left;" \| table
{{IPAlink\|ts}} \| ၸ \|စ/ကျ \| ᦈ,ᦋ	style="text-align:left;" \| Betsy
{{IPAlink\|tsʰ}} \| ၶျ \|ချ \| —	style="text-align:left;" \| chang
{{IPAlink\|θ}} \| ႀ In Burmese loanwords \|သ \| —	style="text-align:left;" \| thing
{{IPAlink\|v}}/v/ and /w/ are in free variation \| — \|ဝ \| ᦛ,ᦞ	style="text-align:left;" \| village
{{IPAlink\|w}} \| ဝ \|ဝ \| ᦛ,ᦞ	style="text-align:left;" \| way
{{IPAlink\|x}} \| — \|ခ \| ᦃ,ᦆ	style="text-align:left;" \| loch in Scottish English
{{IPAlink\|z}} \| ၹ \|ဇ \| —	style="text-align:left;" \| zebra
{{IPAlink\|ʔ}} \| ဢ \|အ/ ဩ \| ᦀ,ᦁ	style="text-align:left;" \| the catch in uh-oh
colspan="5" style="border-left: #fff solid 1px; border-right: #fff solid 1px" \|
colspan="5" \| Tone
IPA	colspan="4" \| Description
{{IPA\|a}} or {{IPA\|ā}} \| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" \| mid {{IPA\|[aː˧]}}
{{IPA\|à}} \| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" \| low {{IPA\|[a˨˩]}} or {{IPA\|[a˩]}}
{{IPA\|â}} \| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" \| falling {{IPA\|[a˥˩]}} (Tai Lü only)
{{IPA\|a̰}} \| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" \| creaky falling {{IPA\|[a̰˥˩]}} (Shan only)
{{IPA\|á}} \| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" \| high {{IPA\|[a˥]}}
{{IPA\|ǎ}} \| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" \| rising {{IPA\|[a˨˦]}} (Shan only)
{{IPA\|a᷄}} \| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" \| high rising {{IPA\|[a˧˥]}} (Tai Lü only)
{{IPA\|a᷅}} \| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" \| low rising {{IPA\|[a˩˧]}} (Tai Lü only)

style="vertical-align:top;" |

{|class=wikitable style="margin: 1em; text-align: center;"

! colspan="5" | Consonants

IPA

Shan

!Burmese

! New Tai Lue

English approximation

| ၿ In foreign words

|ဘ

| ᦢ,ᦥ

style="text-align:left;" | abash

| ၻ,ꩨ

|ဒ

| ᦡ,ᦤ

style="text-align:left;" | ado

| ၾ

|ဖှ

| ᦚ,ᦝ

style="text-align:left;" | food

| ၷ

|ဂ

| —

style="text-align:left;" | good

| ႁ

|ဟ

| ᦠ,ᦣ

style="text-align:left;" | head

| ယ

|ယ

| ᦊ,ᦍ

style="text-align:left;" | yak

| ၵ

|က

| ᦂ,ᦅ

style="text-align:left;" | scan

{{IPAlink|kʰ}}/kʰ/ and /x/ are in free variation.

| ၶ

|ခ

| ᦃ,ᦆ

style="text-align:left;" | can

| လ,ꩮ

|လ

| ᦜ,ᦟ

style="text-align:left;" | live

| မ

|မ

| ᦖ,ᦙ

style="text-align:left;" | much

| ၼ

|န

| ᦐ,ᦓ

style="text-align:left;" | not

| င

|င

| ᦄ,ᦇ

style="text-align:left;" | bang

| ၺ

|ည

| —

style="text-align:left;" | canyon

| ပ

|ပ

| ᦔ,ᦗ

style="text-align:left;" | span

| ၽ

|ဖ

| ᦕ,ᦘ

style="text-align:left;" | pan

| ရ,꩹

|ရ

| ᦣ

style="text-align:left;" | roughly like water (American English)

| ၸ Sometimes /s/ and /ts/ are used interchangeably.

|စ

| ᦉ,ᦌ

style="text-align:left;" | sue

| သ

|ဆ

| —

style="text-align:left;" | grasshopper

| သျ

|ရှ

| —

style="text-align:left;" | shoe

| တ,ꩦ

|တ

| ᦎ,ᦑ

style="text-align:left;" | stable

| ထ,ꩧ,ꩪ,ꩩ

|ထ

| ᦏ,ᦒ

style="text-align:left;" | table

| ၸ

|စ/ကျ

| ᦈ,ᦋ

style="text-align:left;" | Betsy

| ၶျ

|ချ

| —

style="text-align:left;" | chang

| ႀ In Burmese loanwords

|သ

| —

style="text-align:left;" | thing

{{IPAlink|v}}/v/ and /w/ are in free variation

| —

|ဝ

| ᦛ,ᦞ

style="text-align:left;" | village

| ဝ

|ဝ

| ᦛ,ᦞ

style="text-align:left;" | way

| —

|ခ

| ᦃ,ᦆ

style="text-align:left;" | loch in Scottish English

| ၹ

|ဇ

| —

style="text-align:left;" | zebra

| ဢ

|အ/ ဩ

| ᦀ,ᦁ

style="text-align:left;" | the catch in uh-oh

colspan="5" style="border-left: #fff solid 1px; border-right: #fff solid 1px" |

colspan="5" | Tone

IPA

colspan="4" | Description

{{IPA|a}}
or
{{IPA|ā}}

| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | mid {{IPA|[aː˧]}}

| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | low {{IPA|[a˨˩]}} or {{IPA|[a˩]}}

| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | falling {{IPA|[a˥˩]}} (Tai Lü only)

| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | creaky falling {{IPA|[a̰˥˩]}} (Shan only)

| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | high {{IPA|[a˥]}}

| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | rising {{IPA|[a˨˦]}} (Shan only)

| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | high rising {{IPA|[a˧˥]}} (Tai Lü only)

| colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" | low rising {{IPA|[a˩˧]}} (Tai Lü only)

| style="vertical-align:top;" |

IPA	Shan !Burmese ! New Tai Lü	English approximation
class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em; text-align: center;" ! colspan="5" \| Vowels
colspan="5" \| Short vowels
{{IPAlink\|ä\|a}} \| unmarked \|အး \| ᦰ	style="text-align:left;" \| cat
{{IPAlink\|e}} \| ေ,ဵ \|ေ \| ᦵ	style="text-align:left;" \| roughly like say
{{IPAlink\|ɛ}} \| ႄ, ႅ \|ဲ \| ᦶ	style="text-align:left;" \| bet
{{IPAlink\|i}} \| ီ \|ီ \| ᦲ	style="text-align:left;" \| happy
{{IPAlink\|o}} \| ူဝ် \|ို \| ᦷ	style="text-align:left;" \| story
{{IPAlink\|ɔ}} \| ေႃ, ွ \|ော \| ᦸ	style="text-align:left;" \| off
{{IPAlink\|u}} \| ု, ူ \|ူ \| ᦳ	style="text-align:left;" \| cool
{{IPAlink\|ɯ}} or {{IPAlink\|ɨ}} \| ိုဝ် \|ု \| ᦹ	style="text-align:left;" \| good
{{IPAlink\|ɤ}} or {{IPAlink\|ə}} \| ိူဝ် \|ော်/ယ် \| ᦵᦲ	style="text-align:left;" \| roughly like hurt (shorter)
colspan="5" \| Long vowels
{{IPA\|aː}} \| ၢ, ႃ \|ာ, ါ \| ᦱ	style="text-align:left;" \| bra

IPA	Shan !Burmese ! New Tai Lü	English approximation
class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em; text-align: center;" ! colspan="5" \| Vowels
colspan="5" \| Short vowels
{{IPAlink\|ä\|a}} \| unmarked \|အး \| ᦰ	style="text-align:left;" \| cat
{{IPAlink\|e}} \| ေ,ဵ \|ေ \| ᦵ	style="text-align:left;" \| roughly like say
{{IPAlink\|ɛ}} \| ႄ, ႅ \|ဲ \| ᦶ	style="text-align:left;" \| bet
{{IPAlink\|i}} \| ီ \|ီ \| ᦲ	style="text-align:left;" \| happy
{{IPAlink\|o}} \| ူဝ် \|ို \| ᦷ	style="text-align:left;" \| story
{{IPAlink\|ɔ}} \| ေႃ, ွ \|ော \| ᦸ	style="text-align:left;" \| off
{{IPAlink\|u}} \| ု, ူ \|ူ \| ᦳ	style="text-align:left;" \| cool
{{IPAlink\|ɯ}} or {{IPAlink\|ɨ}} \| ိုဝ် \|ု \| ᦹ	style="text-align:left;" \| good
{{IPAlink\|ɤ}} or {{IPAlink\|ə}} \| ိူဝ် \|ော်/ယ် \| ᦵᦲ	style="text-align:left;" \| roughly like hurt (shorter)
colspan="5" \| Long vowels
{{IPA\|aː}} \| ၢ, ႃ \|ာ, ါ \| ᦱ	style="text-align:left;" \| bra

Help:IPA/Shan and Tai Lue

Notes

See also