Help:IPA/Sorbian

! colspan="4" | Consonants

| {{lang|hsb|bałma}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing|The contrast between the voiceless {{IPA|/p, pʲ, ɕ, t, tʃ, f, k, s, ʃ/}} on the one hand and the voiced {{IPA|/b, bʲ, ʑ, d, dʒ, v, ɡ, z, ʒ/}} on the other is neutralized before obstruents (with the former set occurring before voiceless obstruents and the latter set before the voiced ones), also across word boundaries. Phrase-final obstruents are all voiceless. The same applies to unpaired obstruents, so that the voiceless {{IPA|/ts/}} and {{IPA|/x/}} are voiced to {{IPAblink|dz}} and {{IPAblink|ɣ}} in the same contexts.}}

| boot

| {{lang|hsb|bjakać}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| beautiful

| style="background-color: gray" |

| {{lang|dsb|šćit}} ({{abbr|L|Lower Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}{{efn|name=shfronting|{{IPA|/ʃ/}} before {{IPA|/tɕ/}} is realized as {{IPAblink|ɕ}} in Lower Sorbian.}}{{efn|name=postalveolars|The alveolo-palatal {{IPA|/ɕ, tɕ, ʑ/}} occur only in Lower Sorbian, where they contrast with the flat postalveolar {{IPA|/ʃ, tʃ, ʒ/}}, as in Polish. Upper Sorbian has just one set of postalveolars, namely {{IPA|/ʃ, dʒ, tʃ, ʒ/}}, which are phonetically palato-alveolar, as in English and Italian.}}

| sheep ({{abbr|L|Lower Sorbian}})

| {{lang|hsb|dań}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| do

|{{efn|name=palatalization|In unstressed positions, the {{IPA|/ɪ–ɛ/}} contrast surfaces as a contrast between the palatalized {{IPA|[bʲ, dʲ, fʲ, {{IPAplink|ɡ˖|ɡʲ}}, hʲ, {{IPAplink|k̟|kʲ}}, lʲ, mʲ, {{IPAplink|ɲ|nʲ}}, pʲ, ʁʲ, tʲ, vʲ, {{IPAplink|ɥ|wʲ}}, {{IPAplink|x̟|xʲ}}]}} (in the case of following {{IPA|/ɪ/}}) and the plain {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|b}}, {{IPAplink|d̪|d}}, {{IPAplink|f}}, {{IPAplink|ɡ}}, {{IPAplink|h}}, {{IPAplink|k}}, {{IPAplink|l}}, {{IPAplink|m}}, {{IPAplink|n}}, {{IPAplink|p}}, {{IPAplink|ʁ}}, {{IPAplink|t̪|t}}, {{IPAplink|v}}, {{IPAplink|β̞|w}}, {{IPAplink|ʀ̝̊|x}}]}} (in the case of following {{IPA|/ɛ/}}) as both vowels are realized as {{IPAblink|ɛ̝|ɛ}}. Those palatalized allophones also appear before {{IPA|/i/}} and stressed {{IPA|/ɪ/}}. Among the first set, only the nasal {{IPA|/mʲ, nʲ/}}, the labial {{IPA|/bʲ, pʲ, wʲ/}} and the uvular {{IPA|/ʁʲ/}} have a phonemic status.}}

| media

| {{lang|dsb|licba}} ({{abbr|L|Lower Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| lads

| style="background-color: gray" |

|{{efn|name=voicing}}

| jig ({{abbr|L|Lower Sorbian}})

| {{lang|hsb|dźak}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}{{efn|name=postalveolars}}

| jug

| {{lang|hsb|fabula}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| fool

|{{efn|name=palatalization}}

| few

| {{lang|hsb|gagać}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| good

|{{efn|name=palatalization}}

| argue

|{{efn|name=voicing}}

| good, but without the tongue touching the roof of the mouth

| {{lang|hsb|habla}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| hood

|{{efn|name=palatalization}}

| heed

| {{lang|hsb|jadro}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| yes

| {{lang|hsb|kabat}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| scar

|{{efn|name=palatalization}}

| skew

| {{lang|hsb|lac}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| lack

|{{efn|name=palatalization}}

| failure

| {{lang|hsb|mač}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| moot

| {{lang|hsb|mjaso}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| mute

| {{lang|hsb|nabać}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| noon

| {{lang|hsb|hromadźernja}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| vinyard

| {{efn|name=velarnasal|{{IPAblink|ŋ}} and {{IPAblink|ŋ˖|ŋʲ}} occur as allophones of {{IPA|/n/}} and {{IPA|/nʲ/}} before velar consonants.}}

| sang

| {{efn|name=velarnasal}}

| sing

| {{lang|hsb|pad}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| span

| {{lang|hsb|pjany}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| spew

| align="center" | {{IPA link|ʁ}}

| {{lang|hsb|rad}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=rhotics|In Upper Sorbian, the German uvular {{IPAblink|ʁ}} has displaced the traditional alveolar {{IPAblink|r}}. In Lower Sorbian, the latter is still more common than the uvular {{IPAblink|ʁ}}. The same applies to the palatalized variants.}}

| American atom ({{abbr|L|Lower Sorbian}})
French {{lang|fr|rouge}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| align="center" | {{IPA|ʁʲ}}

| {{lang|hsb|rjadka}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=rhotics}}

| American catty ({{abbr|L|Lower Sorbian}})
French {{lang|fr|rime}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| {{lang|hsb|sadło}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| soup

| {{lang|hsb|šach}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}{{efn|name=postalveolars}}

| rush

| {{lang|hsb|tajić}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| stand

|{{efn|name=palatalization}}

| stew (RP)

| style="background-color: gray" |

|{{efn|name=voicing}}{{efn|name=postalveolars}}

| chip ({{abbr|L|Lower Sorbian}})

| {{lang|hsb|całta}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| cats

| {{lang|hsb|ćahać}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}{{efn|name=postalveolars}}

| chop

| {{lang|hsb|vatikanski}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| voodoo

|{{efn|name=palatalization}}

| view

| {{lang|hsb|wačka}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| boot, but without lips completely closed

| {{lang|hsb|wjaznyć}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| between wet and yet

| {{lang|hsb|čichawa}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| loch (Scottish); ugh

|{{efn|name=palatalization}}

| huge

| {{lang|hsb|zabić}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}

| zoo

| style="background-color: gray" |

|{{efn|name=voicing}}{{efn|name=postalveolars}}

| prestige ({{abbr|L|Lower Sorbian}})

| {{lang|hsb|žaba}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=voicing}}{{efn|name=postalveolars}}

| pleasure

! colspan="4" | Vowels

| {{lang|hsb|pask}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| father

| {{lang|hsb|pesimistiski}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=palatalization}}{{efn|name=phonemicvowels|The phonemic status of {{IPA|/ɛ/}} and {{IPA|/ɨ/}} on the one hand and {{IPA|/ɪ/}} and {{IPA|/i/}} on the other is problematic since they occur in complementary distribution, with {{IPA|/ɛ/}} and {{IPA|/ɨ/}} occurring after hard consonants and {{IPA|/ɪ/}} and {{IPA|/i/}} after soft consonants.}}

| met

| {{lang|hsb|pĕseń}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=palatalization}}{{efn|name=phonemicvowels}}{{efn|name=nearclose|{{IPAblink|ɪ}} and the Upper Sorbian {{IPAblink|ʊ}} occur only in stressed syllables. In unstressed syllables, they merge with {{IPAblink|ɛ}} and {{IPAblink|ɔ}}.}}

| kit

| {{lang|hsb|pisać}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=phonemicvowels}}

| meet

| {{lang|hsb|pysk}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=phonemicvowels}}

| roses (for some dialects)

| {{lang|hsb|posyć}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| off

| align="center" |{{IPA link|ʊ}}

| {{lang|hsb|póstniski}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}}){{efn|name=nearclose}}{{efn|name=oacute|Upper Sorbian {{IPA|/ʊ/}} corresponds to Lower Sorbian {{IPA|/ɨ/}} or {{IPA|/ɛ/}}.}}

| pull

| {{lang|hsb|pusty}} ({{abbr|U|Upper Sorbian}})

| pool

! colspan="2" | IPA !! rowspan="2" | Other

| Primary stress. Stress tends to fall on the first syllable of a word.

| Syllable break.