Help:IPA/Swahili

{{IPA key|H:IPA-SW|H:IPASW}}

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Swahili language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. This reflects Standard Swahili, and dialects may have more or fewer phonemes. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.

class="wikitable"

! colspan=3 | Consonants

IPAExamplesEnglish approximation
align="center" | {{IPA link|ɓ}}

| baba {{IPA|[ˈɓɑɓɑ]}} 'father'

| bill

align="center" | {{IPA link|ɗ}}

| dola {{IPA|[ˈɗɔlɑ]}} 'dollar'

| delta

align="center" | {{IPA link|ð}}

| dhambi {{IPA|[ˈðɑᵐbi]}} 'sin, offence'Only found in loanwords.

| that

align="center" |{{IPA link|ʄ}} ~ {{IPA link|dʒ}}

| maji {{IPA|[ˈmɑʄi ~ ˈmɑdʒi]}} 'water'

| jab

align="center" | {{IPA link|f}}

| fisi {{IPA|[ˈfisi]}} 'hyena'

| focus

align="center" | {{IPA link|ɠ}}

| gani {{IPA|[ˈɠɑni]}} 'what, of which'

| gag

align="center" | {{IPA link|ɣ}}

| ghali {{IPA|[ˈɣɑli]}} 'expensive'

| Scottish loch but voiced

align="center" | {{IPA link|h}}

| uhuru {{IPA|[uˈhuru]}} 'freedom'

| ahead

align="center" | {{IPA link|j}}

| yeye {{IPA|[ˈjɛjɛ]}} 'he/she'

| yellow

align="center" | {{IPA link|k}}

| kitabu {{IPA|[kiˈtɑbu]}} 'book'

| scald

align="center" | {{IPA link|l}}

| lakini {{IPA|[lɑˈkini]}} 'but'Swahili {{IPA|/r/}} is either a short trill [r] or more commonly a flap [{{IPA link|ɾ}}] in many areas. The distinction between {{IPA|/l/}} and {{IPA|/r/}} is a recent one, and many speakers have only a single sound, often an alveolar lateral flap {{IPAblink|ɺ}}

| lack

align="center" | {{IPA link|m}}

| damu {{IPA|[ˈɗɑmu]}} 'blood'

| mocha

align="center" | {{IPA link|m̩}}

| mtoto {{IPA|[m̩ˈtɔtɔ]}} 'child'

| rhythm

align="center" | {{IPA link|ᵐb}}

| mbali {{IPA|[ˈᵐbɑli]}} 'far'

| clamber

align="center" | {{IPA link|ᶬv}}

| mvinyo {{IPA|[ˈᶬviɲɔ]}} 'spirits'

| Humvee

align="center" | {{IPA link|n}}

| nini {{IPA|[ˈnini]}} 'what'

| ninny

align="center" | {{IPA link|n̩}}

| nchi {{IPA|[ˈn̩tʃi]}} 'country'

| even (syllabic nasal)

align="center" | {{IPA link|ⁿd}}

| muhindi {{IPA|[muˈhiⁿdi]}} 'corn, maize'

| handy

align="center" | {{IPA link|ᵑɡ}}

| ngoma {{IPA|[ˈᵑɡɔmɑ]}} 'drum'

| finger

align="center" | {{IPA link|ⁿdʒ}}

| injili {{IPA|[iˈⁿdʒili]}} 'gospel'

| range

align="center" | {{IPA link|ⁿz}}

| kwanza {{IPA|[ˈkwɑⁿzɑ]}} 'to begin'

| pansy

align="center" | {{IPA link|ɲ}}

| nyoka {{IPA|[ˈɲɔkɑ]}} 'snake'

| canyon

align="center" | {{IPA link|ŋ}}

| ng'ombe {{IPA|[ˈŋɔᵐbɛ]}} 'cow, ox'

| sing

align="center" | {{IPA link|p}}

| kikapu {{IPA|[kiˈkɑpu]}} 'basket'

| spill

align="center" | {{IPA link|r}}

| rafiki {{IPA|[rɑˈfiki]}} 'friend'

| N. Am. and Australian atom

align="center" | {{IPA link|s}}

| sisi {{IPA|[ˈsisi]}} 'we'

| stole

align="center" | {{IPA link|ʃ}}

| shamba {{IPA|[ˈʃɑᵐbɑ]}} 'farm, field'

| shell

align="center" | {{IPA link|t}}

| moto {{IPA|[ˈmɔtɔ]}} 'fire'

| stand

align="center" | {{IPA link|tʃ}}

| chumba {{IPA|[ˈtʃuᵐbɑ]}} 'room'

| chase

align="center" | {{IPA link|θ}}

| thelathini {{IPA|[θɛlɑˈθini]}} 'thirty'

| think

align="center" | {{IPA link|v}}

| vitabu {{IPA|[viˈtɑbu]}} 'books'

| vittle

align="center" | {{IPA link|w}}

| watu {{IPA|[ˈwɑtu]}} 'people'

| with

align="center" | {{IPA link|x}}

| subulkheri {{IPA|[suɓulˈxɛri]}} 'good morning'

| Scottish loch

align="center" | {{IPA link|z}}

| maziwa {{IPA|[mɑˈziwɑ]}} 'milk'

| zoo

class="wikitable"

! colspan=3 | Vowels

IPAExamplesEnglish approximation
align="center" | {{IPAlink|ɑ}}

| baba {{IPA|[ˈɓɑɓɑ]}} 'father'

| father

align="center" | {{IPAlink|ɛ}}

| ndege {{IPA|[ˈⁿdɛɠɛ]}} 'bird'

| let

align="center" | {{IPAlink|i}}

| Kiswahili {{IPA|[kiswɑˈhili]}} 'Swahili (language)'

| meat

align="center" | {{IPAlink|ɔ}}

| mtoto {{IPA|[m̩ˈtɔtɔ]}} 'child'

| off

align="center" | {{IPAlink|u}}

| uhuru {{IPA|[uˈhuɾu]}} 'freedom'

| fool

align="center" | {{IPAlink|ː}}

| kondoo {{IPA|[kɔˈⁿdɔː]}} 'sheep'

| vowel length

class="wikitable"

! colspan="3" | Suprasegmentals

IPA

!Examples

!Explanation

align="center" |{{IPA link|ˈ}}

|safari {{IPA|[sɑˈfɑri]}} 'journey'

|stressStress usually falls on the penultimate syllable of a word.

Notes

{{reflist}}

Bibliography

{{refbegin}}

  • {{citation

|last=Contini-Morava

|first=Ellen

|editor-last=Kaye

|editor-first=Allen

|year=1997

|title=Phonologies of Asia and Africa

|publisher=Eisenbrauns

|chapter=Swahili phonology

|volume=1

|pages=841–860

}}

  • {{citation

|last=Mohammed

|first=Mohammed Abdullah

|year=2001

|title=Modern Swahili Grammar

|place=Nairobi

|publisher=East African Educational Publishers Ltd.

|isbn=9966-46-761-0

}}

{{refend}}

See also

  • {{clc|Pages with Swahili (macrolanguage) IPA|pages}}

{{IPA keys}}