Help:IPA/Walloon
{{IPA key|H:IPA-WA}}
The chart below shows how the International Phonetic Alphabet(IPA) represents Walloon language pronunciation in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.
| style="background:none;"
| style="vertical-align:top;" | {| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em; text-align: center;" ! colspan="3"| ConsonantsWalloon consonants are devoiced word-finally, i.e. {{IPA|/d/}} changes to {{IPA|[t]}}, {{IPA|/dʒ/}} to {{IPA|[tʃ]}}, {{IPA|/z/}} to {{IPA|[s]}}, and so on. This is not shown in the spelling. | ||
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
|---|---|---|
| {{IPAlink|b}}
| style="text-align:left;" | barbôjhe | style="text-align:left;" | bin | ||
| {{IPAlink|ç}}
| style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2" | schåyîThe groups {{angbr|sch}}, {{angbr|jh}} and {{angbr|xh}} are all realized as simply {{IPAblink|h}} in certain dialects. {{angbr|sch}} may also surface as {{IPAblink|ʃ}} or {{IPA|[sk]}}. | style="text-align:left;" |hue | ||
| {{IPAlink|χ}} | ||
| {{IPAlink|d̪|d}}
| style="text-align:left;" | deût | style="text-align:left;" | do | ||
| {{IPAlink|dʒ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | djanvî | style="text-align:left;" | jeep | ||
| {{IPAlink|f}}
| style="text-align:left;" | foû | style="text-align:left;" | festival | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɡ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | gayole, gueuye | style="text-align:left;" | gain | ||
| {{IPAlink|h}}
| style="text-align:left;" | hagnon | style="text-align:left;" | hatch | ||
| {{IPAlink|k}}
| style="text-align:left;" | stoumak, cwand | style="text-align:left;" | sky | ||
| {{IPAlink|l}}
| style="text-align:left;" | lére | style="text-align:left;" | loo | ||
| {{IPAlink|m}}
| style="text-align:left;" | monde | style="text-align:left;" | moo | ||
| {{IPAlink|n}}
| style="text-align:left;" | nawe | style="text-align:left;" | no | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɲ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | dignité | style="text-align:left;" | roughly like canyon | ||
| {{IPAlink|p}}
| style="text-align:left;" | aprinde | style="text-align:left;" | spy | ||
| {{IPAlink|ʀ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | arester | style="text-align:left;" | French frère | ||
| {{IPAlink|s}}The digraph {{angbr|sh}} is pronounced {{IPA|[s]}} in some varieties, {{IPA|[ʃ]}} in others.
| style="text-align:left;" | sûner, cénk, çoula, dissu | style="text-align:left;" | sing | ||
| {{IPAlink|ʃ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | chal, shijhinme, xhaxhler | style="text-align:left;" |shelf | ||
| {{IPAlink|t̪|t}}
| style="text-align:left;" | tins | style="text-align:left;" | stop | ||
| {{IPAlink|tʃ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | tchestea | style="text-align:left;" | chip | ||
| {{IPAlink|v}}
| style="text-align:left;" | vint | style="text-align:left;" | love | ||
| {{IPAlink|z}}
| style="text-align:left;" | zûner | style="text-align:left;" | zoo | ||
| {{IPAlink|ʒ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | måjhon | style="text-align:left;" | leisure | ||
| colspan="3"| Semivowels | ||
| {{IPAlink|j}}
| style="text-align:left;" |yebe, beacôp | style="text-align:left;" |yes | ||
| {{IPAlink|w}}
| style="text-align:left;" |walon, moes | style="text-align:left;" |wind |
| style="vertical-align:top;" |
| class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em 2em; text-align: center;"
! colspan="3"| VowelsAs in French, stress always falls on the last vowel in Walloon. | ||
| IPA | Examples | English approximation |
|---|---|---|
| colspan="3"| Short vowels | ||
| {{IPAlink|a}}
| style="text-align:left;" | gade | style="text-align:left;" | RP pat | ||
| {{IPAlink|e}}
| style="text-align:left;" | évôs | style="text-align:left;" | hey | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɛ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | efant, dalaedje | style="text-align:left;" | bet | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɪ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | pitit | style="text-align:left;" | kit | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɔ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | soris | style="text-align:left;" | off | ||
| {{IPAlink|ø}}
| style="text-align:left;" | djeu | style="text-align:left;" | bird | ||
| {{IPAlink|ʊ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | atouwer | style="text-align:left;" | book | ||
| {{IPAlink|y}}
| style="text-align:left;" | pus | style="text-align:left;" | Scottish cute, French rue | ||
| colspan="3"| Long vowels | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɑː}}{{IPA|/ɑː/}} and {{IPA|/ɑ̃/}} show variation with {{IPAblink|aː}}/{{IPAblink|ɔː}}/{{IPAblink|oː}} and {{IPAblink|ɔ̃}}, respectively.
| style="text-align:left;" | djåzer, diâle | style="text-align:left;" | large or board | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɛː}}Open-mid {{IPA|/ɛː/}} and {{IPA|/ɛ̃/}} may be close-mid {{IPA|[eː]}} and {{IPA|[ẽ]}}.
| style="text-align:left;" | gaiyté, fêye | style="text-align:left;" | bed or Scottish bait | ||
| {{IPAlink|iː}}
| style="text-align:left;" | pî | style="text-align:left;" | see | ||
| {{IPAlink|oː}}
| style="text-align:left;" | rôze | style="text-align:left;" | board | ||
| {{IPAlink|uː}}Merges with {{IPAblink|yː}} in some dialects.
| style="text-align:left;" | noû | style="text-align:left;" | cool | ||
| {{IPAlink|yː}}
| style="text-align:left;" | ût | style="text-align:left;" | Scottish cute, French rue, but longer | ||
| colspan="3"| Nasal vowels | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɑ|ɑ̃}}
| style="text-align:left;" | blanc | style="text-align:left;" | croissant | ||
| {{IPAlink|e|ẽ}}
| style="text-align:left;" | bén | style="text-align:left;" | roughly like ring | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɛ|ɛ̃}}
| style="text-align:left;" | rinde | style="text-align:left;" | Chopin | ||
| {{IPAlink|ɔ|ɔ̃}}
| style="text-align:left;" | djondou | style="text-align:left;" | roughly like American bone | ||
| {{IPAlink|œ|œ̃}}
| style="text-align:left;" | djun | style="text-align:left;" | roughly like sung |
|}
Notes
{{reflist}}
References
- {{cite web|url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/walloon.htm|title=Walloon language, alphabet and pronunciation|work=Omniglot|date=March 20, 2013}}
See also
- {{clc|Pages with Walloon IPA|pages}}
{{IPA keys}}