Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose
{{Infobox Christian leader
|type = Cardinal
|image = Henri Cardinal de Bonnechose.jpg
|honorific_prefix = His Eminence
|name = Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose
|title = Archbishop of Rouen
|church = Roman Catholic Church
|archdiocese = Rouen
|see = Rouen
|appointed = 18 March 1858
|term_end = 28 October 1883
|predecessor = Louis-Marie-Edmont Blanquart de Bailleul
|successor = Léon-Benoît-Charles Thomas
|other_post = Cardinal-Priest of San Clemente (1864-83)
|ordination = 21 December 1833
|ordained_by = Jean-François-Marie Le Pappe de Trévern
|consecration = 30 January 1848
|consecrated_by = Antonio Francesco Orioli
|cardinal = 11 December 1863
|created_cardinal_by = Pope Pius IX
|rank = Cardinal-Priest
|birth_name = Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose
|birth_date = 30 May 1800
|birth_place = Paris, French First Republic
|death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1883|10|28|1800|05|30}}
|death_place = Rouen, French Third Republic
|buried = Rouen Cathedral
|parents = Louis Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose
Sara Maria Schas
|previous_post = {{unbulleted list|Bishop of Carcassonne (1848-55)|Bishop of Évreux (1855-58)}}
|motto = Fide ac virtute
|coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of Mgr Henri de Bonnechose (Cardinal).svg }}
{{short description|Catholic cardinal}}
Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose ({{IPA|fr|ɑ̃ʁi maʁi ɡastɔ̃ bwanɔʁmɑ̃ də bɔnʃoz}}; 30 May 1800 – 28 October 1883)[http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1863-ii.htm#Bonnechose Biographical Dictionary: Consistory of December 11, 1863 (XIV)] was a French Catholic and senator.{{Catholic Encyclopedia |wstitle=Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose |volume=2 |inline=1}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbonnh.htm |title=Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand Cardinal de Bonnechose |publisher=Catholic Hierarchy }}{{dead link|date=March 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} He was the last surviving cardinal to have been born in the 18th century.
Biography
Bonnechose was born in Paris. Entering the magistracy, he became attorney-general for the district of Besançon in 1830, but having received holy orders at Strasburg, under the episcopate of Jean François Marie Lepappe de Trevern, he was made professor of sacred eloquence in the school of higher studies founded at Besançon by Cardinal de Rohan.
After the death of de Rohan, he went to Rome to settle the differences between Bishop de Trevern and himself, due to philosophical opinions found in his work, "Philosophy of Christianity", for which Bonnechose had written an introduction. In 1844 he was named by Rome superior of the community of St. Louis. In 1847 he became Bishop of Carcassonne. He was transferred on 4 November 1854 to the see of Évreux and in 1854 raised to the archiepiscopal see of Rouen.
Created cardinal in 1863,[http://www.gcatholic.org/hierarchy/data/cardP09-3.htm Cardinals Created by Pius IX (1861-8)] he became ex-officio senator of the empire. The cardinal showed himself a warm advocate of the temporal power of the popes, and firmly protested against the withdrawal of the French army from the Pontifical States.
In 1870, he went to Versailles, the headquarters of the German armies, to entreat Wilhelm I of Prussia to reduce the war contribution imposed on the city of Rouen. Under the republican government he uniformly opposed the laws and measures passed against religious congregations and their schools, but endeavored to inspire his clergy to deference and conciliation in their relations with the civil authorities.
His best known work is "Introduction a la philosophie du Christianisme" (1835), two octavo volumes.
References
- Guerin, Dict. des dict. (Paris, 1892)
- Larousse, Dict. Univ. du XIX siecle (Paris 1867)
Notes
{{Subject bar |portal1= Biography |portal2= Catholicism |portal3= France}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bonnechose, Henri}}
Category:19th-century French cardinals
Category:Cardinals created by Pope Pius IX