Henrietta Adler
{{Short description|British politician}}
{{EngvarB|date=May 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2015}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Henrietta Adler
| image = 1913 Henrietta Adler.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| other_names = Nettie Adler
| occupation = British politician
| party = Liberal
| birth_place = London
| death_place = London
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1868|12|1}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1950|4|15|1868|12|1|df=y}}
}}
Henrietta Adler {{postnominals|country=GBR|JP||size=100%}} (1 December 1868 – 15 April 1950), known as Nettie Adler, was a British Liberal Party politician who was one of the first women to be elected to and to be able to take her seat on the London County Council.
Early life
Adler was born in London on 1 December 1868. She was the daughter of Hermann Adler, who would later succeed his father as chief rabbi, and Rachel Adler. She was educated at a private school and classes.{{cite web|url=http://www.ukWhosWho.com|title=Who's Who|publisher=ukWhosWho.com|access-date=25 January 2014}}
Career
Adler began social work as a school manager under the London School Board. She was honorary secretary of the Committee on Wage Earning Children, 1899–1946. She was a Member of Council of the Anglo-Jewish Association and a member of the Jewish Board of Guardians. She was a justice of the peace.{{Cite ODNB|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-57022|title=Adler, Henrietta [Nettie] (1868–1950), social worker and Jewish political activist|year=2004 |language=en|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/57022|isbn=978-0-19-861412-8 |access-date=2020-03-07}}
Political career
Adler was a Liberal Party member, which in London local government was aligned with the Progressive Party. She was first politically active in her home area of Hackney. Her main political interest was in education. She was a member of the governing bodies of the Dalston County School, of the Hackney Downs School and the Hackney Technical Institute. Due to her interest in educational matters she was co-opted onto the London Education Committee by the Progressive majority in 1905, serving as on that body until she was elected to it following the 1910 London County Council election. When the Liberal government first created the London County Council in 1899 there was no stipulation that women could not stand as candidates for election and two Progressive women candidates stood and were elected. However, there was a legal challenge made by one of the defeated Conservative candidates and as a result, neither of the women were able to take their seats. When the Liberal Party returned to power, they changed the law in 1908 to allow women to be elected to the London County Council and this change came into effect for the 1910 elections. Adler was one of two women who were elected, as one of the representatives for the constituency of Hackney Central in 1910.
{{Election box begin |
|title=London County Council election, 1910: Hackney CentralLondon Municipal Notes, 1913
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Progressive Party (London)
|candidate = {{Y}} Alfred James Shepheard
|votes = 3,684
|percentage =27.5
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Progressive Party (London)
|candidate = {{Y}} Henrietta Adler
|votes = 3,521
|percentage =26.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = G J Dowse
|votes =3,157
|percentage = 23.5
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = John Foster Vesey-FitzGerald
|votes =3,053
|percentage = 22.8
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 527
|percentage =4.0
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Progressive Party (London)
|loser = Municipal Reform Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 364
|percentage =2.7
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Progressive Party (London)
|loser = Municipal Reform Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
In March 1913 she was re-elected, although her running mate lost to the Municipal Reform Party;
{{Election box begin |
|title=London County Council election, 1913: Hackney Central
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = {{Y}} William Ray
|votes =3,670
|percentage = 25.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Progressive Party (London)
|candidate = {{Y}} Henrietta Adler
|votes = 3,653
|percentage =25.0
|change =-1.2
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = Lord William Cecil
|votes =3,645
|percentage = 25.0
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Progressive Party (London)
|candidate = Alfred James Shepheard
|votes = 3,622
|percentage =24.8
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 8
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Progressive Party (London)
|swing =n/a
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 48
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Municipal Reform Party
|loser = Progressive Party (London)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
In March 1919, following the end of the war, the boundaries for her constituency were slightly altered and she was returned unopposed due to an electoral agreement of the Progressive and Municipal Reform parties to only adopt one candidate each;
{{Election box begin |
|title=London County Council election, 1919: Hackney CentralLondon Municipal Notes – Volumes 18–23, London Municipal Society
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Progressive Party (London)
|candidate = {{Y}} Henrietta Adler
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = n/a
|change =n/a
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = {{Y}} William Ray
|votes =Unopposed
|percentage = n/a
|change =n/a
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Progressive Party (London)
|swing =n/a
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Municipal Reform Party
|swing =n/a
}}
{{Election box end}}
In March 1922 the electoral arrangement between the Progressive and Municipal Reform parties continued;
{{Election box begin |
|title=London County Council election, 1922: Hackney Central
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Progressive Party (London)
|candidate = {{Y}} Henrietta Adler
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = n/a
|change =n/a
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = {{Y}} William Ray
|votes =Unopposed
|percentage = n/a
|change =n/a
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Progressive Party (London)
|swing =n/a
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Municipal Reform Party
|swing =n/a
}}
{{Election box end}}
From 1922 to 1923 she served as deputy chair of the London County Council. She was defeated in 1925.
{{Election box begin |
|title=London County Council election, 1925: Hackney CentralThe Times 6 March 1925 p16
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = {{Y}} William Ray
|votes =4,878
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = {{Y}} Humfrey Henry Edmunds
|votes =4,595
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|candidate = P H Black
|votes =3,299
|percentage =
|change =n/a
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|candidate = John Hunter Harley
|votes =3,183
|percentage =
|change =n/a
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Progressive Party (London)
|candidate = Henrietta Adler
|votes = 2,759
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Progressive Party (London)
|candidate = A Mortimer
|votes = 2,436
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Municipal Reform Party
|loser = Progressive Party (London)
|swing =n/a
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Municipal Reform Party
|swing =n/a
}}
{{Election box end}}
She was a Member of the Departmental Committee on Charity Collections, 1925–27. Following the demise of the Progressive Party she was re-elected to the LCC in 1928 standing as a Liberal Party candidate;
{{Election box begin |
|title=London County Council election, 1928: Hackney CentralThe Times 9 March 1928 p11
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = {{Y}} William Ray
|votes =5,092
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = {{Y}} Henrietta Adler
|votes = 5,008
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = Lord Cranbrook
|votes =4,960
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = G J Lusher-Pentney
|votes = 4,820
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|candidate = Amy Sayle
|votes =2,743
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|candidate = H W Butler
|votes =2,737
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent Labour
|candidate = S L Alexander
|votes =625
|percentage =
|change =n/a
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent Labour
|candidate = J W Head
|votes =593
|percentage =
|change =n/a
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|loser = Municipal Reform Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Municipal Reform Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
She was finally defeated in 1931.
{{Election box begin |
|title=London County Council election, 1931: Hackney CentralThe Times 6 March 1931 p16
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = {{Y}} Sir William Ray
|votes =5,468
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Municipal Reform Party
|candidate = {{Y}} Montague Moustardier
|votes =5,224
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|candidate = Dr Bernard Homa
|votes =3,715
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|candidate = Dr Mary O'Brien-Harris
|votes =3,672
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Henrietta Adler
|votes = 2,774
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = H Baily
|votes = 2,324
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Municipal Reform Party
|loser = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Municipal Reform Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
Despite her election defeat in 1931, she was co-opted onto the London County Council Public Health Committee for a three-year term.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/57022|title=Henrietta Adler|year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/57022 |access-date=25 January 2014}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Adler, Henrietta}}
Category:20th-century British women politicians
Category:Burials at Willesden Jewish Cemetery
Category:Jewish British politicians
Category:Liberal Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
Category:Members of London County Council
Category:People from Hackney Central