Henry Cadbury

{{Short description|American Quaker, biblical scholar, historian (1883–1974)}}

{{Infobox scientist

|name = Henry J. Cadbury

|image = Henry Joel Cadbury sitting at a desk photo from AFSC archive.jpg

|image_size =

|caption =

|birth_date = {{birth date|1883|12|01|df=yes}}

|birth_place = Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US

|death_date = {{death date and age |1974|10|07 |1883|12|01 |df=yes}}

|death_place = Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, US

|field = New Testament
History of Christianity

|tradition_movement =

|work_institutions = Haverford College
Andover Theological Seminary
Bryn Mawr College
Harvard Divinity School

|alma_mater = Haverford College
Harvard University

|doctoral_advisor =

|doctoral_students =

|known_for =

|influences =

|influenced =

|prizes = Nobel Peace Prize (on behalf of the American Friends Service Committee)

|footnotes =

|main_interests =

|notable_works =

}}

Henry Joel Cadbury (December 1, 1883 – October 7, 1974) was an American biblical scholar, Quaker historian, writer, and non-profit administrator.

Life

A graduate of Haverford College, Cadbury was a Quaker throughout his life, as well as an agnostic.[http://www.universalistfriends.org/UF035.html#Cadbury "My Personal Religion"], lecture given to Harvard divinity students in 1936. Forced out of his teaching position at Haverford for writing an anti-war letter to the Philadelphia Public Ledger, in 1918, he saw the experience as a milestone, leading him to larger service beyond his Orthodox Religious Society of Friends. He was offered a position in the Divinity School at Harvard University, from which he had received his Ph.D., but he first rejected its teacher's oath for reasons of conscience, the Quaker insistence on telling the truth, and as a form of social activism.

In 1934, Cadbury encouraged Jews to engage Nazis with good will, according to The New York Times, which characterized his stance as, "Good will, not hate or reprisals, will end, or offset, the evils of Hitler government's persecution of Jews."{{cite news|title=Urges Good Will By Jews For Nazis|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/06/15/archives/urges-good-will-by-jews-for-nazis-prof-cadbury-of-society-of.html|newspaper=The New York Times|location=New York City|date=June 14, 1934|access-date=June 29, 2018}} The suggestion was repudiated by the rabbis he made it to, led by Stephen S. Wise.{{cite news|title=Good Will Barred to Nazis by Rabbis; Wise Leads Wave of Objection to Advice by Cadbury, of Society of Friends|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/06/16/archives/goodwill-barred-to-nazis-by-rabbis-wise-leads-wave-of-objection-to.html|newspaper=The New York Times|location=New York City|date=June 16, 1934|access-date=July 10, 2019}}

Cadbury accepted the Hollis Professorship of Divinity (1934–1954). He also was the director of the Harvard Divinity School Library (1938–1954), and chairman (1928–1934; 1944–1960) of the American Friends Service Committee, which he had helped found in 1917. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.{{Cite web |title=Henry Joel Cadbury |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/henry-joel-cadbury |access-date=2023-03-02 |website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences |date=February 9, 2023 |language=en}} He delivered the Nobel lecture on behalf of the AFSC when it, together with the British Friends Service Council, accepted the Nobel Peace Prize in 1947 on behalf of the Religious Society of Friends.{{cite journal |last1=Duncan |first1=Lucy |title=Civility Can Be Dangerous |journal=Friends Journal |date=August 15, 2018 |url=https://www.friendsjournal.org/henry-cadbury-1934-speech-civility/}} The prize was shared between the American Friends Service Committee (represented by Cadbury) and the Friends Relief Service (represented by Margaret Backhouse).{{Cite web |title=The Nobel Peace Prize 1947 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1947/ceremony-speech/ |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}} He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1949.{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Henry+Cadbury&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2023-03-02 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}} He was also awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws (LL. D.) degree from Whittier College in 1951.{{Cite web|url=https://www.whittier.edu/alumni/poetnation/honorary|title=Honorary Degrees {{!}} Whittier College|website=www.whittier.edu|access-date=2019-12-06}}

Select works

=Thesis=

{{cite thesis|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |title=The Style and Literary Method of Luke: Appendix to part III. Some inferences as to the detection of sources |type=Ph.D. |location=Cambridge, MA |publisher=Harvard University Press |date=1919 |oclc=17893716 }}

=Books=

{{cite book|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=National Ideals in the Old Testament |url=https://archive.org/details/nationalidealsi00cadbgoog |location=New York |publisher=Scribner’s |date=1920 |oclc=3672266 }}
{{cite book|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The Making of Luke-Acts |location=New York |publisher=MacMillan |date=1927 |oclc=2709946 }}
{{cite book|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The Peril of Modernizing Jesus |series=Lowell Institute lectures 1935 |location=New York |publisher=MacMillan |date=1937 |oclc=2697178 }}
{{cite book|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Jesus: What Manner of Man |series=Shaffer lectures, 1946 |location=New York |publisher=MacMillan |date=1947 |oclc=646147 }}
{{cite book|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The Book of Acts in History |series=Lowell Institute lectures, 1953 |location=London |publisher=A. & C. Black |date=1955 |oclc=759775493 }}
{{cite book|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Quakerism and Early Christianity |series=Swarthmore lecture, 1957 |location=London |publisher=George Allen & Unwin |date=1957 |oclc=1139773 }}
{{cite book|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The Eclipse of the Historical Jesus |series=Pendle Hill Pamphlet |volume=133 |location=Wallingford, P |publisher=Pendle Hill Publications |date=1964 |oclc=1303599 }}
{{cite book|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=John Woolman in England: A Documentary Supplement |series=Supplement ... to the Journal of the Friends Historical Society |volume=31 |location=London |publisher=Friends Historical Society |date=1971 |oclc=548894 }}

=Edited by=

{{cite book|editor1-last=Cadbury |editor1-first=Henry J. |editor1-mask=0 |title=George Fox's Book of Miracles |location=Cambridge, MA |publisher=University Press |date=1948 |oclc=867954049 }}
{{cite book|editor1-last=Cadbury |editor1-first=Henry J. |editor1-mask=0 |title=Narrative Papers of George Fox |location=Richmond, IN |publisher=Friends United Press |date=1972 |isbn=9780913408063 |oclc=481263 }}

=Journal articles=

{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The basis of early Christian antimilitarism |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=37 |issue=1–2 |date=March–June 1918 |pages=66–94 |doi=10.2307/3259147 |jstor=3259147 |hdl=2027/hvd.hwrn93 |hdl-access=free }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The Knowledge Claimed in Luke's Preface |journal=The Expositor |volume=24 |date=1922 |pages=401–420 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The relative pronouns in Acts and elsewhere |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=42 |issue=3–4 |date=1923 |pages=150–157 |doi=10.2307/3259088 |jstor=3259088 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Lexical notes on Luke-Acts. I |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=44 |issue=3–4 |date=1925 |pages=214–227 |doi=10.2307/3260253 |jstor=3260253 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Lexical notes on Luke-Acts. II, Recent arguments for medical language |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=45 |issue=1–2 |date=1926 |pages=190–209 |doi=10.2307/3260178 |jstor=3260178 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Lexical notes on Luke-Acts. III, Luke's interest in lodging |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=45 |issue=3–4 |date=1926 |pages=305–322 |doi=10.2307/3260084 |jstor=3260084 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The odor of the spirit at Pentecost |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=47 |issue=3–4 |date=1928 |pages=237–256 |doi=10.2307/3259582 |jstor=3259582 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Lexical notes on Luke-Acts. 4, On direct quotation, with some uses of oti and ei |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=48 |issue=3–4 |date=1929 |pages=412–425 |doi=10.2307/3259738 |jstor=3259738 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Erastus of Corinth |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=50 |issue=2 |date=1931 |pages= 42–58 |doi=10.2307/3259559 |jstor=3259559 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Lexical notes on Luke-Acts. 5, Luke and the horse-doctors |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=52 |issue=1 |date=1933 |pages=55–65 |doi=10.2307/3259479 |jstor=3259479 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The Macellum of Corinth |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=53 |issue=2 |date=1934 |pages=134–141 |doi=10.2307/3259880 |jstor=3259880 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Motives of biblical scholarship |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=56 |issue=1 |date=1937 |pages=1–16 |doi=10.2307/3259625 |jstor=3259625 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=The meaning of John 20:23, Matthew 16:19, and Matthew 18:18 |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=58 |issue=3 |date=1939 |pages=251–254 |doi=10.2307/3259489 |jstor=3259489 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=A proper name for Dives |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=81 |issue=4 |date=Dec 1962 |pages=399–402 |doi=10.2307/3265096 |jstor=3265096 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Some Lukan expressions of time |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=82 |issue=3 |date=Sep 1963 |pages=272–278 |doi=10.2307/3264629 |jstor=3264629 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Gospel study and our image of early Christianity |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=83 |issue=2 |date=June 1964 |pages=139–145 |doi=10.2307/3264524 |jstor=3264524 }}
{{cite journal|author1-last=Cadbury |author1-first=Henry J. |author1-mask=0 |title=Name for Dives |journal=Journal of Biblical Literature |volume=84 |issue=1 |date=March 1965 |pages=73 |doi=10.2307/3264075 |jstor=3264075 }}

References

External links

[http://www.swarthmore.edu/library/peace/DG051-099/DG081HCadbury.html Philadelphia Inquirer obituary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921193632/http://www.swarthmore.edu/library/peace/DG051-099/DG081HCadbury.html |date=September 21, 2016 }}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20130515184458/http://pabook.libraries.psu.edu/palitmap/bios/Cadbury__Henry_Joel.html Biography was prepared by Sarah DeSantis, Spring 2009]
[http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1947/friends-committee-lecture.html Nobel Peace Prize lecture]
[https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1947/press.html Award Ceremony Speech re "The Nobel Peace Prize, 1947, to the Friends Service Council, American Friends Service Committee"]
[http://archives.tricolib.brynmawr.edu/resources/scpc-dg-081 Henry Joel Cadbury Papers] from [https://www.swarthmore.edu/peace-collection Swarthmore College Peace Collection]

Category:1883 births

Category:1974 deaths

Category:Writers from Philadelphia

Category:American pacifists

Category:American agnostics

Category:American Quakers

Category:Quaker writers

Category:Nontheist Quakers

Category:American biblical scholars

Category:New Testament scholars

Category:American historians of religion

Category:Haverford College alumni