Henry O. Pollak

{{short description|Austrian-American mathematician (born 1927)}}

{{infobox scientist

|name=Henry O. Pollak

|birth_name=Henry Otto Pollak

|birth_date={{birth date and age|1927|12|13}}

|birth_place=Vienna, Austria

|nationality=Austrian-American

|education=Yale University (BS)
Harvard University (MA, PhD)

|occupation=Mathematician

|known_for=Contributions to information theory

}}

Henry Otto Pollak (born December 13, 1927) is an Austrian-American mathematician who has made significant contributions to operator theory, signal analysis, graph theory, and computational geometry

Research

In several papers with David Slepian and Henry Landau, Pollak developed the theory of what are now known as the Landau–Pollak–Slepian operators on simultaneously time-limited and band-limited functions in operator theory. This work marked an early form of wavelet-based signal analysis.{{cite book

| last = Wong | first = M. W.

| contribution = The Landau-Pollak-Slepian operator

| doi = 10.1007/978-3-0348-8217-0_20

| isbn = 9783034882170

| location = Basel

| pages = 113–116

| publisher = Birkhäuser

| series = Operator Theory: Advances and Applications

| title = Wavelet Transforms and Localization Operators

| volume = 36

| year = 2002}}

With Ronald Graham he is the namesake of the Graham–Pollak theorem in graph theory, a result on partitioning the edges of complete graphs into complete bipartite graphs that they published in the early 1970s.{{cite book

| last1 = Aigner | first1 = Martin | author1-link = Martin Aigner

| last2 = Ziegler | first2 = Günter M. | author2-link = Günter M. Ziegler

| doi = 10.1007/978-3-662-57265-8

| edition = 6th

| isbn = 978-3-662-57265-8

| pages = 79–80

| publisher = Springer

| title = Proofs from THE BOOK

| title-link = Proofs from THE BOOK

| year = 2018}}

With Edgar Gilbert he is the namesake of the Gilbert–Pollak conjecture relating Steiner trees to Euclidean minimum spanning trees in computational geometry. After they formulated this problem in 1968, it was believed to be proven by Du and Hwang in the early 1990s, but the proof was later determined to be flawed and the problem remains open.{{cite journal

| last1 = Ivanov | first1 = A. O.

| last2 = Tuzhilin | first2 = A. A.

| doi = 10.1007/s00453-011-9508-3

| issue = 1-2

| journal = Algorithmica

| mr = 2886059

| pages = 630–632

| title = The Steiner ratio Gilbert-Pollak conjecture is still open

| volume = 62

| year = 2012}}

Life and career

Born in Vienna, Austria, the only child of a lawyer, Pollak fled the Nazis with his family in 1939, first to England and then in 1940 to the US.{{cite web|url=https://digitalcollections.briscoecenter.org/item/2704|title=Henry Pollak Interview, Part 1 of 4|first=David|last=Roberts|work=R. L. Moore legacy collection|date=October 5, 1998|access-date=2025-03-03}} He received his BS in Mathematics (1947) from Yale University. While at Yale, he participated in the William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition and was on the team representing Yale University (along with Murray Gell-Mann and Murray Gerstenhaber) that won the second prize in 1947.{{cite journal |title=The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition |author=G. W. Mackey |journal=The American Mathematical Monthly |volume=54 |pages=400–3 |year=1947 |issue=7 |doi=10.1080/00029890.1947.11990193 |jstor=2304390 }} He earned an M.A. and Ph.D. (1951) degree in mathematics from Harvard University, the latter on the thesis Some Estimates for Extremal Distance advised by Lars Ahlfors.{{mathgenealogy|8308}}

Pollak then joined Bell Labs (1951), where he later became director of the Mathematics and Statistics Research Center. He has held teaching positions in the mathematics department at Columbia University.

Awards

Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1971){{cite journal

| last1 = Albers | first1 = Donald J.

| last2 = Thibodeaux | first2 = Michael J.

| date = June 1984

| doi = 10.2307/2686329

| issue = 3

| journal = The College Mathematics Journal

| jstor = 2686329

| pages = 194–217

| publisher = Informa UK Limited

| title = A Conversation with Henry Pollak

| volume = 15}}

Earle Raymond Hedrick lecturer (1973){{cite web|url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Honours/Hedrick_lecturers/|title=Earle Raymond Hedrick Lecturers|work=MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive|publisher=University of St Andrews|access-date=2025-03-03}}
Mathematical Association of America chair of New Jersey section (1958–59), governor (1961–63) and president (1975–76).{{cite web|url=http://www.maa.org/history/presidents/pollak.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130126123626/http://www.maa.org/history/presidents/pollak.html|archive-date=2013-01-26|title=Henry Otto Pollak, 1975-1976 MAA President|url-status=dead|publisher=Mathematical Association of America}}
Honorary doctorate from Bowdoin College (1977)[http://library.bowdoin.edu/arch/subject/bowdoin/honors/pollak77.pdf Henry Otto Pollak, honorary Sc.D.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100802101326/http://library.bowdoin.edu/arch/subject/bowdoin/honors/pollak77.pdf |date=2010-08-02 }} announcement
Honorary doctorate from Eindhoven University of Technology (1981){{cite web|url=https://www.tue.nl/en/research/grants-awards/tue-distinctions/honorary-doctorates-eindhoven-university-of-technology|title=Honorary doctorates|publisher=Eindhoven University of Technology|access-date=2025-03-03}}
Mathematical Association of America (MAA) Meritorious Service Award (1990)
MAA Gung and Hu Distinguished Service to Mathematics Award (1993)
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Lifetime Achievement Award (2010)
Mathematical Association of America Mary P. Dolciani Award in 2020.{{Cite web|title=Mary P. Dolciani Award: Henry Pollak|url=https://old.maa.org/sites/default/files/Awards/Dolciani_2020_Pollak.pdf|publisher=Mathematical Association of America|access-date=2025-03-03}}

Selected publications

{{cite journal

| last1 = Slepian | first1 = D. | author1-link = David Slepian

| last2 = Pollak | first2 = H. O.

| doi = 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1961.tb03976.x

| journal = The Bell System Technical Journal

| mr = 140732

| pages = 43–63

| title = Prolate spheroidal wave functions, Fourier analysis and uncertainty. I

| volume = 40

| year = 1961}}

{{cite journal

| last1 = Landau | first1 = H. J. | author1-link = Henry Landau

| last2 = Pollak | first2 = H. O.

| doi = 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1961.tb03977.x

| journal = The Bell System Technical Journal

| mr = 140733

| pages = 65–84

| title = Prolate spheroidal wave functions, Fourier analysis and uncertainty. II

| volume = 40

| year = 1961}}

{{citation

| last1 = Landau | first1 = H. J. | author1-link = Henry Landau

| last2 = Pollak | first2 = H. O.

| doi = 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1962.tb03279.x

| journal = The Bell System Technical Journal

| mr = 147686

| pages = 1295–1336

| title = Prolate spheroidal wave functions, Fourier analysis and uncertainty. III. The dimension of the space of essentially time- and band-limited signals

| volume = 41

| year = 1962}}