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Henry Stock

{{short description|British architect (1824–1909)}}

{{EngvarB|date=October 2022}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}

{{Infobox architect

| name = Henry Stock

| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FRIBA}}

| image =

| image_size =

| caption =

| birth_date = 1824/5

| birth_place = London, England

| death_date = 11 June 1909

| death_place = Sandown, Isle of Wight

| alma_mater =

| practice =

| parents =

| significant_buildings = {{Plainlist|*Haberdashers' Monmouth School for Girls

}}

Henry Stock {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRIBA}} (1824/5–1909) was a British architect. He served as the county surveyor for Essex for nearly 50 years, and as the surveyor and architect to the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers. The latter appointment led Stock to undertake a considerable number of educational commissions, but his primary field of activity was in the construction of manufacturing sites and warehouses in London.

Life and works

Henry Stock was born in 1824/5.{{sfn|Brodie|2001|p=707}}{{efn|Antonia Brodie, in her Directory of British Architects, 1834–1914, indicates Stock's year of birth as either 1824 or 1825.{{sfn|Brodie|2001|p=707}}}} He came from a family of builders and developers located in London's East End.{{cite web|url= https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vols43-4/pp173-176 |title=Between Poplar High Street and East India Dock Road|publisher=Survey of London|access-date=16 September 2022}} Articled to George Allen, of Tooley Street, Southwark, in 1840, Stock took over the business on Allen's death in 1847, going into partnership with a surveyor, William Snooke, at Allen's old offices at 69, Tooley Street.{{Cite web|url=https://stockpagestock.com/history.html|title=History|first=John|last=Fowler|publisher=Stock Page Stock Limited|access-date=16 September 2022}}

Stock and Snooke's business was primarily industrial and commercial. Their buildings included a biscuit factory at Bermondsey for Peek Freans;{{efn|Twiglets were invented in Stock's Bermondsey factory in 1929.{{sfn|Webb|2012|p=370}}}} the Anchor Brewery in Southwark for Barclay, Perkins & Co.; another brewery, the Ram Brewery at Wandsworth for Young & Co.;{{sfn|Pearson|1999|p=192}} and the cotton warehouse on Tooley Street, which had earlier been designed by Snooke and was renamed The Counting House, following its rebuilding after destruction in the 1861 Tooley Street fire.

Stock and Snooke were appointed architects and surveyors to the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers in 1882, although both had undertaken work for the company prior to this date.{{sfn|Pearson|1999|p=192}} Examples of their work in Wales include: the Design and Technology Centre (Stock alone),{{NHAW|num=85187|desc=Design and Technology Centre|grade=II|access-date=16 September 2022}} day houses and School House (the former by Snooke in 1877–1878 and the latter by Stock in 1895–1896),{{NHAW|num=85182|desc=Day Houses and School House|grade=II|access-date=16 September 2022}} the Chapel and Library (1860–1865),{{NHAW|num=85214|desc=Chapel and Library|grade=II|access-date=16 September 2022}} and the central block (Stock alone 1895–1896),{{NHAW|num=85053|desc=Block between Library and Almshouse|grade=II|access-date=16 September 2022}} all at Monmouth School for Boys; Haberdashers' Monmouth School for Girls in the Jacobethan style he favoured for schools,{{NHAW|num=23521|desc=Main Block|grade=II|access-date=16 September 2022}} and West Monmouth School.{{NHAW|num=18841|desc=West Monmouth Grammar School|grade=II|access-date=16 September 2022}} Snooke and Stock also undertook residential developments at New Cross and at Telegraph Hill in south London. The New Cross estate had been purchased in 1614 to provide a source of funding for the school established at Monmouth by William Jones.{{cite web|url=https://lewisham.gov.uk/-/media/files/imported/telegraphhillconservationareacharacterappraisal.ashx|title=Telegraph Hill conservation area|publisher=Lewisham Council|access-date=7 October 2022}}{{efn|Originally market gardens, the residential development of the New Cross estate in the 19th century, to provide accommodation for the rapidly-growing population of London, provided the Haberdashers with an enormous income which made Monmouth School one of the wealthiest schools in the late Victorian era.{{sfn|Edwards|Moseley|2014|p=30}}}}

Stock held the post of County Surveyor for Essex from 1856 to 1900 and designed many public buildings and bridges in the county.{{sfn|Bettley|Pevsner|2007|p=77}} In 1885 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects.{{cite journal |date=26 June 1909 |title=Obituary |url= https://archive.org/details/sim_riba-journal_1909-06-26_16_16/page/608/mode/2up?q=stock |journal=Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects |volume=16 |issue=16 |pages=608|access-date=6 October 2022}} He retired to Sandown on the Isle of Wight in 1904 and died there in 1909. His son, Henry William Stock, was also an architect and worked in his father's practice.{{cite web|url= https://heritage.derbyshireccc.com/Archive/Players/2528/2528115/2528115.html |title=Henry William Stock|publisher=Derbyshire County Council|access-date=16 September 2022}}

=Works=

{{NHAW|num=85182|desc=Day Houses and School House|grade=II|access-date=16 September 2022}}

  • Tooley Street warehouses (1860) – by Snooke and Stock{{sfn|Cherry|Pevsner|2002|p=605}}
  • Buck's Row (Durward Street), Whitechapel (c.1861) – Manure works for George Torr, now the site of Swanlea School{{Cite web|url=https://surveyoflondon.org/map/feature/611/detail/|title=Swanlea Secondary School|publisher=Survey of London|access-date=16 September 2022}}
  • Church of St Mary, Stifford, Essex (1861–1863) – restoration{{sfn|Bettley|Pevsner|2007|p=750}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.crsbi.ac.uk/view-item?i=8008|title=St Mary, Stifford, Essex|publisher=The Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture in Britain and Ireland|access-date=16 September 2022}}
  • School, Buck's Row, 6 Durward Street, Whitechapel (1862) – a ragged school sponsored by George Torr{{Cite web|url=https://surveyoflondon.org/map/feature/523/detail/|title=6 Durward Street|publisher=Survey of London|access-date=16 August 2022}}
  • Braintree and Bocking Literary and Mechanics' Institution, Braintree, Essex (1863) – a gift to the town from George Courtauld{{sfn|Bettley|Pevsner|2007|p=148}}
  • St John the Baptist's Church, Finchingfield, Essex (1865–1866) – addition of a porch and restoration{{sfn|Bettley|Pevsner|2007|p=360}}{{efn|James Bettley, in his 2007 revised volume Essex, in the Pevsner Buildings of England series, suggests that Stock's father was the vicar and patron of Finchingfield.{{sfn|Bettley|Pevsner|2007|p=360}}}}
  • Bridge, Battlesbridge, Essex (1872–1873) – built by William Webster to Stock's design{{sfn|Bettley|Pevsner|2007|p=125}} after the earlier bridge, designed by Stock's predecessor as County Surveyor, Thomas Hopper, was destroyed by a steam traction engine.{{NHLE|num=1147832|desc=Battlesbridge|grade=II|access-date=17 September 2022}}{{efn|The Historic England record notes William Webster as the builder but omits Stock's role as architect.{{NHLE|num=1147832|desc=Battlesbridge|grade=II|access-date=17 September 2022}}}}
  • Peek Freans factory, Clement Road, Bermondsey (1880s) - part of a large manufacturing and packing plant with workers’ housing, shops, an independent fire brigade etc., which saw the area nicknamed Biscuit Town.{{cite web|url= https://www.theguardian.com/society/2004/oct/20/guardiansocietysupplement2 |first=Annie|last=Kelly|title=Bermondsey takes the buscuit|work=The Guardian|date=20 October 2004|access-date=6 October 2022}} As of 2020, being redeveloped as residential accommodation.{{cite web|url=https://southwarknews.co.uk/news/culture/500m-bermondsey-masterplan-will-celebrate-old-peek-frean-biscuit-factory/|title=£500M Bermondsey masterplan will celebrate old Peek Frean biscuit factory|publisher=Southwark News|date=29 March 2018|access-date=6 October 2022}}
  • Ram Brewery (1882–1883) – rebuilding following a fire{{NHLE|num=1065461|desc=Ram (Youngs) Brewery Complex|grade=II*|access-date=16 September 2022}}
  • St Anne's Church, Kew (1884) – reconstruction of the southern end of the church{{sfn|Cherry|Pevsner|2002|p=503}}
  • Police station, Saffron Waldon, Essex (1884–1886) – undertaken in his role as County Surveyor{{sfn|Bettley|Pevsner|2007|p=659}}
  • The Counting House, Tooley Street, Southwark – rebuilding in 1887 following the 1861 Tooley Street fire{{Cite web|url=https://www.ribapix.com/warehouses-hays-wharf-51-67-tooley-street-southwark-london_riba58172|title=Warehouses, Hay's Wharf, 51-67 Tooley Street, Southwark, London|publisher=RIBA|access-date=16 September 2022}}
  • Haberdashers' School for Girls (1890){{cite web|url= https://www.habsgirls.org.uk/2020/11/30/the-school-dining-room-through-the-ages-1901-to-2015/|title=History|work=Haberdashers' Aske's School for girls |date=30 November 2020 |publisher=Haberdashers' Girls School|access-date=16 September 2022}}
  • Haberdashers' Monmouth School for Girls (1892–1896)
  • Church of St Catherine, Pepys Road, New Cross (1893–1894) – much altered{{sfn|Cherry|Pevsner|2002|p=402}}
  • West Monmouth School (1897)

Gallery

Monmouth School.jpg|School House and gateway at Monmouth School for Boys 1894–1895

Haberdashers' Monmouth School for Girls - geograph.org.uk - 97714.jpg|Haberdashers' Monmouth School for Girls Main block

Entrance to West Monmouth School, Pontypool - geograph.org.uk - 2451815.jpg|West Monmouth School

The Counting House, Tooley Street (from the Southeast).jpg|The Counting House, Tooley Street, Southwark, London

Young's brewery, Wandsworth, by day. - geograph.org.uk - 20228.jpg|The Ram Brewery complex, Wandsworth

Bridge battlesbridge.jpg|The bridge at Battlesbridge

Saffron Walden Police Station - geograph.org.uk - 273763.jpg|Police station at Saffron Waldon (1884–1886)

Notes

{{notes}}

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

Sources

  • {{cite book | last1 = Bettley | first1 = James

| last2 = Pevsner | first2 = Nikolaus

| authorlink2 = Nikolaus Pevsner

| title = Essex

| series = The Buildings of England

| year = 2007

| url = https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1042848015

| publisher = Yale University Press

| location = New Haven, US and London

| isbn = 978-0-300-11614-4

| oclc = 1042848015

}}

  • {{cite book

|last = Brodie | first = Antonia

|title = Directory of British Architects, 1834–1914

|volume = 2 (L–Z)

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GkThQYLb3ZUC&q=william+snooke&pg=PA707

|year = 2001

|isbn = 978-0-826-45514-7

|publisher = British Architectural Library

}}

  • {{cite book

|last1 = Edwards

|first1 = Stephen

|last2 = Moseley

|first2 = Keith

|year = 2014

|title = Monmouth School: The First 400 Years

|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SJwfswEACAAJ&q=Monmouth+School:+The+First+400+Years

|location = London

|publisher = Third Millennium Publishing

|isbn = 978-1-906507-91-6

}}

  • {{cite book | last1 = Cherry | first1 = Bridget

| last2 = Pevsner | first2 = Nikolaus

| authorlink1 = Bridget Cherry

| authorlink2 = Nikolaus Pevsner

| title = London 2: South

| series = The Buildings of England

| year = 2002

| url = https://www.worldcat.org/title/719418472

| publisher = Yale University Press

| location = New Haven, US and London

| isbn = 978-0-300-09651-4

| oclc = 719418472

}}

  • {{cite book

|last = Pearson | first = Lynn

|title = British Breweries: An architectural history

|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=fOdOSIZ-ufEC&dq=Henry+Stock+architect&pg=PA192

|year = 1999

|location = London

|publisher = Bloomsbury Publishing

|isbn = 978-0-826-43460-9

}}

  • {{Cite book

|last = Webb | first = Andrew

|title = Food Britannia

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FBMLFM305MEC&dq=rondalin+twiglets&pg=PA370

|year=2012

|location = London

|publisher=Random House

|isbn=978-1-409-02222-0

}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Stock, Henry}}

Category:1820s births

Category:1909 deaths

Category:19th-century English architects

Category:Architects from London

Category:Fellows of the Royal Institute of British Architects