Heppner, Oregon

Native Americans lived and traveled along the land between the Columbia Gorge and the Blue Mountains for more than 10,000 years prior to European-American settlement. Ancient petroglyphs have been found approximately 45 miles (72 km.) north of Heppner in Irrigon and Boardman.{{Cite web|url=http://www.co.morrow.or.us/planning/page/columbia-river-heritage-trail|title=Columbia River Heritage Trail|website=Morrow County Oregon}} In 1855, the U.S. Government and the predominant tribes in the region—the Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla—signed a treaty whereby the tribes gave up, or ceded, to the United States more than 6.4 million acres in what is now northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington.{{Cite web|url=http://ctuir.org/treaty-1855|title=Treaty of 1855|website=Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation|publisher=Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla people}}

Prior to Heppner's founding in 1872, European-American ranchers used the area as sheep and cattle range as early as 1858. Records suggest these early cattlemen found abundant rye grass along creek bottoms.{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Oregon|last=Capace|first=Nancy|publisher=Somerset Publishers|year=1999|isbn=0403098408}}

Heppner was originally called Standsbury Flats for George W. Standsbury, one of the first European-American settlers in the area.{{Cite web|url=http://sos.oregon.gov/archives/records/county/Pages/morrow-history.aspx|title=Morrow County History|website=Oregon Secretary of State - State Archives}}{{cite book|title=Oregon Geographic Names|last=McArthur|first=Lewis A.|author2=Lewis L. McArthur|author2-link=Lewis L. McArthur|publisher=Oregon Historical Society Press|year=2003|isbn=0-87595-277-1|edition=7th|location=Portland, Oregon|pages=463–64|author-link=Lewis A. McArthur|orig-year=1928}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.heppnerchamber.com/history|title=History of Heppner|website=Heppner Chamber of Commerce|publisher=Heppner Chamber of Commerce|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206002417/http://www.heppnerchamber.com/history|archive-date=2018-02-06|url-status=dead}} In 1872, Colonel (Col.) Jackson Lee Morrow, a merchant, entered into a partnership with Henry Heppner, a prominent Jewish businessman,{{Cite web|url=http://www.jmaw.org/heppner-jewish-oregon/|title=Henry Heppner, Early Pioneer Jewish Businessman of Heppner, Oregon|date=October 7, 2015|website=Jewish Museum of the American West|publisher=The Western States Jewish History Association}} and they built a store on the crossing of the present May and Main streets. Soon thereafter, a mail and stagecoach line began operations between Pendleton and The Dalles and passed through Heppner.{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=82001511}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Heppner Hotel|last=Hedman|first=Arnie|author2=Belsma, Ronnie|date=April 23, 1982|publisher=National Park Service|format=PDF|access-date=July 20, 2013|author3=Lynch, James}}

Col. Jackson Lee Morrow was later elected to the Oregon legislative assembly and was instrumental in helping to carve out a new county for Heppner from neighboring Umatilla County and a portion of Wasco County.{{Cite web|url=http://wpmu.library.oregonstate.edu/osu_archives/2011/07/06/extension-in-north-eastern-oregon/|title=Extension in Northeastern Oregon|date=July 6, 2011|website=Oregon State University Libraries - Special Collections & Archives Research Center}} The assembly named the new county in Morrow's honor.

Heppner was designated the temporary county seat at the time the county was created and narrowly defeated nearby Lexington in an election held in 1886 to determine the permanent county seat.{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=85000366}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Morrow County Courthouse|last=Lynch|first=James E.|author2=Derickson, Patrick M.|date=August 17, 1984|publisher=National Park Service|format=PDF|access-date=July 18, 2013}} Heppner was incorporated in the following year on February 9, 1887.{{cite web|url=http://www.orinfrastructure.org/profiles/Heppner/|title=Heppner Community Profile|year=2009|publisher=Infrastructure Finance Authority|access-date=July 18, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813232617/http://www.orinfrastructure.org/profiles/Heppner/|archive-date=August 13, 2014|url-status=dead}}

In 1888, the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company completed a railroad spur from the Columbia River up the Willow Creek drainage to Heppner.

The Historic Morrow County Courthouse was built in 1902-03 and is one of the oldest continuously used courthouses in Oregon.{{Cite web|url=http://www.heppnerchamber.com/history-courthouse|title=Historic Morrow County Courthouse|website=Heppner Chamber|publisher=Heppner Chamber of Commerce|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830011348/http://www.heppnerchamber.com/history-courthouse|archive-date=2017-08-30|url-status=dead}} In 1985, the courthouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.{{Cite web|url=https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=ab145138-e51a-4d48-bd05-abc1db79c314|title=Morrow County Courthouse|date=February 28, 1985|website=National Register of Historic Places Digital Archive|publisher=National Park Service}}

File:HeppnerMorrowcourthouse.jpg

{{main|Heppner Flood of 1903}}

Heppner was almost destroyed by a flash flood on Sunday, June 14, 1903.{{cite news|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/books/index.ssf/2009/09/calamity_discovering_oregons_d.html|title='Calamity' : Discovering Oregon's Deadliest Natural Disaster|last=Baker|first=Jeff|date=September 2, 2009|work=The Oregonian|access-date=September 3, 2009}} The flood was precipitated by a sudden cloudburst and accompanying hail that caused a debris dam collapse and flash flooding, notably on Willow Creek. A wall of water and debris swept down the creeks and canyons and through the city. It has been estimated that 238 people (a quarter of the city's population) drowned, making it the deadliest natural disaster in Oregon's history. Property damage was reported at nearly $1 million. The nearby cities of Ione and Lexington also sustained significant damage. In 1983, the Willow Creek Dam at the outskirts of the city was finished.File:USACE Willow Creek Dam Oregon.jpg

The railroad and a growing network of roads had by the early decades of the 20th century made Heppner a trade center and distribution point for regional farm products including wheat, alfalfa, sheep, cattle, horses, and hogs. Despite the flood and two fires in 1918 that destroyed City Hall, the Palace Hotel, the library, many businesses, and more than 30 homes, the community rebuilt. One of its creations, the Heppner Hotel, opened in 1920 and, housing a variety of businesses over the years, it served as a community gathering place through 1972, when its last restaurant closed.

File:Heppner Hotel - Heppner Oregon.jpg

In 1940, a major sawmill was built in the town by the Heppner Lumber Company, helping drive the area's economy.{{cite news |last1=Lent |first1=Steve |title=CENTRAL OREGON HISTORY: Heppner emerges as the gateway to the Blue Mountains |url=https://www.madraspioneer.com/central-oregon-history-heppner-emerges-as-the-gateway-to-the-blue-mountains/article_bc30b754-047c-11ee-9d90-1714f5596176.html |access-date=24 October 2023 |work=Madras Pioneer |date=3 June 2023}} The mill was destroyed by fire in 1949, but was rebuilt and sold to Kinzua Lumber Company, which ultimately relocated its headquarters to Heppner. In 1999, the mill closed,{{cite news |last1=Plaven |first1=George |title=HEPPNER Wood-fueled power plant could see new life |url=https://www.eastoregonian.com/news/local/heppner-wood-fueled-power-plant-could-see-new-life/article_6fcfd910-6740-5e2e-a7fe-788c9be42d0b.html |access-date=24 October 2023 |work=East Oregonian |date=2 November 2016}} dealing a significant blow to Heppner's economy and resulting in the loss of nearly 200 jobs.{{cite news |last1=Castillo |first1=Elizabeth |title=Morrow County OKs $1 billion deal in tax breaks with Amazon |url=https://www.opb.org/article/2023/05/19/amazon-data-center-oregon-morrow-county/ |access-date=24 October 2023 |work=Oregon Public Broadcasting |date=3 May 2023}}

{{US Census population

|1880= 318

|1890= 675

|1900= 1146

|1910= 880

|1920= 1324

|1930= 1190

|1940= 1140

|1950= 1648

|1960= 1661

|1970= 1429

|1980= 1498

|1990= 1412

|2000= 1395

|2010= 1291

|2020= 1187

|footnote=source:{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|url=https://www.census.gov|access-date=June 20, 2013}}{{cite book|last=Moffatt|first=Riley Moore|title=Population History of Western U.S. Cities and Towns, 1850–1990|location=Lanham, Maryland|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=1996|page=210|isbn=978-0-8108-3033-2}}{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:41&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Oct 12, 2022}}

}}

As of July 1, 2016, the annual estimate of the resident population of Heppner was 1,297.{{Cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2016/demo/popest/total-cities-and-towns.html|title=Oregon - Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2016|last=U.S. Census Bureau|website=City and Town Population Totals Tables: 2010-2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602161957/https://census.gov/data/tables/2016/demo/popest/total-cities-and-towns.html|archive-date=June 2, 2017|url-status=dead}}

As of the census of 2010, there were 1,291 people, 559 households, and 370 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1049.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 647 housing units at an average density of {{convert|526.0|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 92.5% White, 0.2% African American, 1.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 2.6% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.7% of the population.

There were 559 households, of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.8% were non-families. 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.78.

The median age in the city was 45.9 years. 22.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.6% were from 25 to 44; 29.8% were from 45 to 64; and 21.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.6% male and 49.4% female.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,395 people, 583 households, and 398 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,138.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 660 housing units at an average density of {{convert|538.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 96.70% White, 1.00% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 1.51% from other races, and 0.36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.58% of the population.

There were 583 households, out of which 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.7% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 20.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,421, and the median income for a family was $42,500. Males had a median income of $37,381 versus $20,714 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,729. About 11.1% of families and 13.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over.

Heppner is located between the Columbia River to the north and the Blue Mountains to the southeast.{{cite book|title=The 2013 Road Atlas|year=2013|publisher=Rand McNally|isbn=978-052-80062-2-7|location=Chicago, Illinois|pages=84, 85}} The city is along Oregon Route 74, about {{convert|60|mi|km}} southwest of Pendleton and {{convert|185|mi|km}} east of Portland.{{cite web|url=http://www.orinfrastructure.org/profiles/Heppner/|title=Heppner Community Profile|year=2009|publisher=Oregon Infrastructure Finance Authority|access-date=July 19, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813232617/http://www.orinfrastructure.org/profiles/Heppner/|archive-date=August 13, 2014|url-status=dead}}

Route 74 forms part of the Blue Mountain Scenic Byway, a {{convert|130|mi|km|adj=on}} set of roads connecting Interstate 84 (I-84) along the Columbia River with the North Fork John Day River in the Blue Mountains. Part of the route follows the Willow Creek drainage through Heppner.{{cite book|title=Backroads of Oregon: Your Guide to Oregon's Most Scenic Backroad Adventures|last=Ostertag|first=Rhonda|publisher=Voyageur Press|year=2004|isbn=0-89658-081-4|location=Stillwater, Minnesota|pages=105–06}}

Heppner is upstream of Lexington, Ione, and Arlington. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|1.24|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which, {{convert|1.23|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.01|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/gazetteer2010.html|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=June 20, 2013}}

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Heppner has a warm-summer mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded in Heppner was {{convert|110|F|C|1}} on August 10, 1898, while the coldest temperature recorded was {{convert|-19|F|C|1}} on January 10, 1909 and January 12, 1909.

{{Weather box

|location = Heppner, Oregon, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present

|single line = Yes

|Jan record high F = 70

|Feb record high F = 75

|Mar record high F = 81

|Apr record high F = 92

|May record high F = 100

|Jun record high F = 109

|Jul record high F = 108

|Aug record high F = 110

|Sep record high F = 99

|Oct record high F = 92

|Nov record high F = 80

|Dec record high F = 75

|Jan avg record high F = 61.9

|Feb avg record high F = 62.4

|Mar avg record high F = 68.8

|Apr avg record high F = 76.6

|May avg record high F = 87.1

|Jun avg record high F = 93.2

|Jul avg record high F = 99.1

|Aug avg record high F = 98.7

|Sep avg record high F = 90.9

|Oct avg record high F = 80.0

|Nov avg record high F = 68.2

|Dec avg record high F = 59.8

|year avg record high F = 100.8

|Jan high F = 43.6

|Feb high F = 47.4

|Mar high F = 54.7

|Apr high F = 60.8

|May high F = 69.4

|Jun high F = 76.6

|Jul high F = 86.8

|Aug high F = 86.1

|Sep high F = 77.3

|Oct high F = 63.8

|Nov high F = 51.0

|Dec high F = 42.5

|year high F =

|Jan mean F = 35.6

|Feb mean F = 38.3

|Mar mean F = 44.2

|Apr mean F = 49.3

|May mean F = 56.9

|Jun mean F = 63.1

|Jul mean F = 71.0

|Aug mean F = 70.4

|Sep mean F = 62.8

|Oct mean F = 51.7

|Nov mean F = 41.6

|Dec mean F = 34.9

|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 27.6

|Feb low F = 29.2

|Mar low F = 33.6

|Apr low F = 37.8

|May low F = 44.5

|Jun low F = 49.5

|Jul low F = 55.1

|Aug low F = 54.7

|Sep low F = 48.3

|Oct low F = 39.5

|Nov low F = 32.2

|Dec low F = 27.2

|year low F =

|Jan avg record low F = 11.9

|Feb avg record low F = 14.2

|Mar avg record low F = 22.9

|Apr avg record low F = 27.4

|May avg record low F = 33.0

|Jun avg record low F = 39.1

|Jul avg record low F = 44.5

|Aug avg record low F = 44.7

|Sep avg record low F = 37.1

|Oct avg record low F = 25.9

|Nov avg record low F = 17.7

|Dec avg record low F = 11.4

|year avg record low F = 4.3

|Jan record low F = -19

|Feb record low F = -18

|Mar record low F = 3

|Apr record low F = 15

|May record low F = 25

|Jun record low F = 31

|Jul record low F = 32

|Aug record low F = 35

|Sep record low F = 19

|Oct record low F = 10

|Nov record low F = -9

|Dec record low F = -18

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation inch = 1.32

|Feb precipitation inch = 1.07

|Mar precipitation inch = 1.36

|Apr precipitation inch = 1.46

|May precipitation inch = 1.71

|Jun precipitation inch = 1.35

|Jul precipitation inch = 0.31

|Aug precipitation inch = 0.28

|Sep precipitation inch = 0.43

|Oct precipitation inch = 1.17

|Nov precipitation inch = 1.37

|Dec precipitation inch = 1.26

|year precipitation inch =

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in

|Jan precipitation days = 11.0

|Feb precipitation days = 10.1

|Mar precipitation days = 11.8

|Apr precipitation days = 11.0

|May precipitation days = 10.2

|Jun precipitation days = 7.2

|Jul precipitation days = 2.7

|Aug precipitation days = 2.3

|Sep precipitation days = 3.7

|Oct precipitation days = 8.6

|Nov precipitation days = 11.7

|Dec precipitation days = 12.1

|Jan snow inch = 3.0

|Feb snow inch = 3.4

|Mar snow inch = 0.9

|Apr snow inch = 0.1

|May snow inch = 0.0

|Jun snow inch = 0.0

|Jul snow inch = 0.0

|Aug snow inch = 0.0

|Sep snow inch = 0.0

|Oct snow inch = 0.2

|Nov snow inch = 0.9

|Dec snow inch = 4.3

|year snow inch =

|unit snow days = 0.1 in

|Jan snow days = 2.5

|Feb snow days = 2.0

|Mar snow days = 0.6

|Apr snow days = 0.1

|May snow days = 0.0

|Jun snow days = 0.0

|Jul snow days = 0.0

|Aug snow days = 0.0

|Sep snow days = 0.0

|Oct snow days = 0.1

|Nov snow days = 0.7

|Dec snow days = 2.4

|source 1 = NOAA

{{cite web

|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00353827&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Heppner, OR

|access-date = April 16, 2023

}}

|source 2 = National Weather Service

{{cite web

|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=pdt

|publisher = National Weather Service

|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Pendleton

|access-date = April 16, 2023

}}

}}

Heppner hosts an annual "A Wee Bit O'Ireland" celebration around Saint Patrick's Day.{{cite news|last=Malgesini|first=Tammy|title=Leprechauns Plan Wee Bit o' Fun|url=http://www.eastoregonian.com/news/leprechauns-plan-wee-bit-o-fun/article_b2432078-4b44-11e0-8ea0-001cc4c002e0.html|work=East Oregonian|date=March 10, 2011|location=Pendleton, Oregon|access-date=June 20, 2013}}{{cite web|title=31st Annual "A Wee Bit O'Ireland"|url=http://www.heppnerchamber.com/stpattysday|publisher=Heppner Chamber of Commerce|access-date=July 19, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303062824/http://www.heppnerchamber.com/stpattysday|archive-date=March 3, 2018|url-status=dead}} The city also hosts the annual [https://web.archive.org/web/20170918065122/http://www.heppnerchamber.com/recreation-cycling Blue Mountain Century Bikeway], a scenic bicycle ride loop of approximately 108 miles starting and ending in Heppner.{{Cite web|url=http://www.heppnerchamber.com/recreation-cycling|title=Blue Mountain Century Bikeway {{!}} Heppner Chamber of Commerce|website=www.heppnerchamber.com|language=en|access-date=2017-09-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918065122/http://www.heppnerchamber.com/recreation-cycling|archive-date=2017-09-18|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.oregon.gov/oprd/BIKE/Pages/BMCSB_main.aspx|title=Oregon Parks and Recreation Department: Scenic Bikeways Blue Mountain Century Scenic Bikeway|website=www.oregon.gov|language=en-us|access-date=2017-09-18|archive-date=September 18, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918064853/http://www.oregon.gov/oprd/BIKE/Pages/BMCSB_main.aspx|url-status=dead}}

As of 2002, the five largest employers in Heppner were Morrow County, the Morrow County Health District, the Morrow County School District, the Heppner Ranger District, and the Bank of Eastern Oregon.

Heppner is served by the [https://www.morrow.k12.or.us/ Morrow School District], which includes [https://hhs.morrow.k12.or.us/ Heppner Junior/Senior High School] and [https://hes.morrow.k12.or.us/ Heppner Elementary].{{cite web|url=http://morrow.k12.or.us/schools|title=Our Schools|year=2012|publisher=Morrow County School District|access-date=June 28, 2012}} Heppner is also served by the Heppner Branch of the Oregon Trail Library District, part of Oregon's Sage Library System.

Heppner is a municipal corporation with the official name City of Heppner per the 1996 Heppner Charter. The powers of the city are vested in the city council which consists of a mayor and six council members each nominated and elected from the city at large or, in case of one or more vacancies in the council, the council members whose offices are not vacant. The mayor serves two-year terms and the council members serve four-year terms. Heppner also maintains a city manager who is appointed by, and may be removed by, a majority of the entire city council. The appointment of city manager is made without regard to political considerations and solely on the basis of administrative qualifications. The mayor votes as a council member with no appointive powers.{{Cite web|url=http://www.sterlingcodifiers.com/codebook/index.php?book_id=952|title=Sterling Codifiers, Inc.|website=www.sterlingcodifiers.com|access-date=2017-09-18}}

As of 2023, Corey Sweeney serves as mayor. Council members include Ralph Klock, Ian Murray, Cody High, Dale Bates, Sharon Inskeep, and Adam Doherty. John Doherty serves as the City Manager.{{cite web |url=https://cityofheppner.org/city-council/ |title=City Council |website=cityofheppner.org |access-date=2023-12-28}}

Heppner is part of Oregon State House District 57 which includes Gilliam, Morrow, Sherman, Umatilla, and Wasco counties and of Oregon State Senate District 29 which includes Gilliam, Morrow Sherman, Umatilla, Union, Wallowa, and parts of Wasco counties. As of September 2017, Representative Greg Smith (R) serves Heppner in the Oregon State House and Senator Bill Hansell (R) serves Heppner in the Oregon State Senate.{{Cite web|url=https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/smithg|title=Representative Greg Smith|website=GOP - District 57 (Umatilla, Morrow, Gilliam, Sherman & Wasco Counties)}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/hansell|title=Senator Bill Hansell|website=Official Oregon Legislature Website}}

Heppner is part of Oregon's Second Congressional District. As of January 2023, Heppner is represented by U.S. Rep. Cliff Bentz (R). Separately, congressional senators for Oregon include Jeff Merkley (D) and Ron Wyden (D).

• John Kilkenny, Judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Oregon and Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
• Greg Smith, Oregon State Representative, District 57

{{Reflist|30em}}

• {{cite book|title=Calamity: The Heppner Flood of 1903|first=Joann Green|last=Byrd|year=2009|isbn=978-0295989419|publisher=University of Washington Press}}
• {{cite book|chapter=Disaster in June|first=Stewart|last=Holbrook|author-link=Stewart Holbrook|title=The Far Corner: A Personal View of the Pacific Northwest|publisher=The Macmillan Company|year=1952}}
• DenOuden, Bob, 'Without a Second's Warning' The Heppner Flood of 1903. Oregon Historical Quarterly 105:1 (Spring, 2004).
• DenOuden, Bob. "Heppner Flood of 1903." The Oregon Encyclopedia, The Oregon Historical Society and Portland State University, 29 Apr. 2015.

{{commons category-inline}}

• [https://sos.oregon.gov/blue-book/Pages/local/cities/e-k/heppner.aspx Entry for Heppner] in the Oregon Blue Book

{{Morrow County, Oregon}}

{{Oregon county seats}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:County seats in Oregon

Category:Cities in Morrow County, Oregon

Category:Cities in Oregon

Category:Pendleton–Hermiston Micropolitan Statistical Area

Category:1887 establishments in Oregon

Category:Populated places established in 1887