Hercules Rollock

{{Short description|16th century Scottish schoolmaster and writer}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

Hercules Rollock (fl. 1577–1599), Edinburgh schoolmaster and writer of Latin verse.

He was born in Dundee, and an elder brother of Robert Rollock. He graduated at the University of St Andrews, was regent at King's College, Aberdeen, and then spent several years abroad, chiefly in France, where he studied at Poitiers. He enjoyed the friendship of Joseph Justus Scaliger.{{sfn|Gordon|1897}} In 1579 he stayed in Sussex with Sir Thomas Sackville and composed a Latin country house poem, which he presented to Sackville, praising the fruitful landscape and the rooms of Buckhurst Place with their painted inscriptions.William Steven, The History of the High School of Edinburgh (Edinburgh, 1849), p.16: [https://www.dps.gla.ac.uk/electronic-resource/display/?pid=d2_RolH_008&aid=RolH Hercules Rollock, 'Sylva VI: ad Generosissimum equitem, Torquatum Thomam Sacvillum', Bridging the Continental Divide, University of Glasgow]

Returning to Scotland, he owed to the recommendation of Thomas Buchanan, a nephew of George Buchanan, his appointment in 1580 as commissary of St Andrews and the Carse of Gowrie.McCrie's Life of Melville, 1856, pp. 381 sq., 395, 431. In 1584 he became master of the High School of Edinburgh.William C. A. Ross, The Royal High School (Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1934), p. 74. From this post he was removed in 1595, after the murder of John MacMorran by his pupils.Steven Reid, 'Murder, Mayhem and the Muse in Jacobean Edinburgh: introducing Hercules Rollock (c. 1546–1599)'. He subsequently held some office in connection with the courts of justice.{{sfn|Gordon|1897}}William Steven, The History of the High School of Edinburgh (Edinburgh, 1849), pp. 22-27.

His earliest dated epigram refers to the comet of 1577 as a warning to Catherine de' Medici.[https://www.dps.gla.ac.uk/electronic-resource/display/?pid=d2_RolH_022&aid=RolH 'De cometa, qui apparuit anno 1577', Bridging the Continental Divide, University of Glasgow] His poems are to be found in Arthur Johnston's Delitiæ Poetarum Scotorum (1637).{{sfn|Gordon|1897}} He wrote verses on various topical subjects, including the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, the political ascendency of James Stewart, Earl of Arran, and the marriages of James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark, and John Maitland of Thirlestane and Jean Fleming.Steven J. Reid, 'The Anatomy of the Delitiæ Poetarum Scotorum ', J. Derrick McClure, Janet Hadley Williams, Fresche fontanis: Studies in the Culture of Medieval and Early Modern Scotland (Newcastle, 2013), p. 408. He was probably the author of verses recited by school children on 19 May 1590 during the ceremonial Entry of Anne of Denmark in Edinburgh, known only from Danish translations.David Stevenson, Scotland's Last Royal Wedding (Edinburgh, 1997), pp. 110, 145.

A 1597 letter of his to the Secretary Lord Menmuir has been published. It includes news of the marriage of the lawyer Thomas Hamilton to Margaret Foulis, and court news.James Dennistoun, [https://archive.org/details/memoirsaffairss02denngoog/page/n25/mode/2up Moysie's Memoirs of the Affairs of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1830), pp. xxi-xxiv]

In an undated Apologia, written at the end of his tenth lustrum, he speaks of his wife and numerous family. He died before 5 March 1599. The Edinburgh magistrates gave an allowance to his widow Helen Barroun, a daughter of James Barroun, and their children,{{sfn|Gordon|1897}} and a tocher or dowry of 1000 merks for their daughter Jean Rollok whenever she married a "worthy person".Marguerite Wood, Extracts from the Burgh Records of Edinburgh: 1589-1603 (Edinburgh, 1927), pp. 250, 266.