Hermance Edan
{{Short description|French board game designer (1851–1934)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Hermance Edan
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_name = Bénédicte Émilie Hermance Cécile Edan
| birth_date = {{birth date|1851|12|21|df=y}}
| birth_place = Paris, France
| death_date = {{death date and age|1934|5|2|1851|12|21|df=y}}
| death_place = Paris, France
| resting_place =
| other_names =
| alma_mater =
| occupation = {{hlist|Game designer}}
| years_active =
| spouse =
| relatives =
| known_for = L'Attaque
}}
Hermance Edan (21 December 1851 – 2 May 1934) was a French designer and publisher of board games, active from 1908 until her death in 1934. She is best known for creating and patenting the game L'Attaque, a successful game in its own right and the predecessor to Stratego.
Biography
Hermance Edan was born in Paris on 21 December 1851,Archives de Paris, État-civil reconstitué. daughter of Antoine-Victor Edan (1801-1864), a schoolmaster in Picardy, and his second wife, Louise Cécile Gosse (1815-1902). Through her mother, Edan was the grand-niece of the painter Nicolas Gosse. Through her father, she was the niece of Benoît Edan (1803-1871), a diplomat and first consul of France in Shanghai.Michel Boutin, “L'Attaque, un jeu français issu du Gunjin Shogi”, in Art et savoir de l'Inde : Actes du colloque « Jeux indiens et originaires d'Inde » organisés [sic] dans le cadre d’Europalia India, Michel Van Langendonckt, ed, Brussels : HEB, 2015 (Sciences, art and culture, 2), p. 264
Nothing is known of Hermance Edan's childhood, education or life before 1908, when she applied to the French Patent Office for a patent for a "battle game with mobile pieces on a gameboard". This patent was issued to her the following year.{{cite web|url=https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?CC=FR&NR=396795A&KC=A&FT=D&ND=&date=19090420&DB=&locale=en_EP|title=Brevet n° 396.795, demandé le 26 novembre 1908, délivré le 5 février 1909, publié le 20 avril 1909}} She also filed a patent application in Great Britain for L'Attaque in November 1909.{{cite web|url=https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/032407253/publication/GB190927449A?q=pn%3DGB190927449A|title=GB190927449A A New or Improved Game. Date of application 25 November 1909, accepted 17 November 1910|via=Espacenet}}. In 1909, she took part in the Concours Lépine, a competition for inventors. There, she exhibited two games, L'Attaque and another game, Vite Au But.Michel Boutin. "Histoire d'un jeu particulier (Stratego). Les jeux de pions et l'éducation. Les apports de la classification formelle des jeux", in Juegos, Deportes e Investigacioón Folclórica p. 149-165, Eusko Ikaskuntza, Bayonne 2009
In subsequent years, Edan became a professional creator and publisher of board games, selling her games to department stores through wholesalers. By 1912, she was in business with her brother-in-law (whom she married in 1915, after the death of his wife, Hermance's sister Nelly), under the name of "EDAN and RODHAIN, games, R. d'Alençon 9".Paris-Hachette : annuaire complet, commercial, admnistratif & mondain, 1912. In 1915, she submitted a patent application in France for a "Jeu de Bataille navale".{{cite web|url=https://worldwide.espacenet.com/patent/search/family/001513155/publication/FR475243A?q=pn%3DFR475243A|title=FR475243A Jeu de "bataille navale" Brevet d'invention. Submitted 9 February 1915, published 26 April 1915|via=Espacenet}}
Around 1920, Edan made an agreement with H. P. Gibson and Sons Ltd to distribute its game in the United Kingdom and other Anglophone countries under their original French titles.« All right of “L’Attaque” for English-speaking countries are the property of Messrs. H. P. Gibson and Sons, Ltd. », dit une publicité outre-Manche, citée par Boutin 2020 (voir Références). L'Attaque went on to meet with great success in the United Kingdom. Later, Gibson added variants, including Dover Patrol (a naval variant of L'Attaque)Victoria and Albert Museum. "Dover Patrol or Naval Tactics". V&A Search the Collections. Accessed: 23 October 2024. https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O26364/dover-patrol-or-naval-tactics-board-game-gibson-games/ and Aviation (an aerial variant).Victoria and Albert Museum. "Aviation, The Aerial Tactics Game of Attack and Defence". V&A Search the Collections. Accessed: 23 October 2024. https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O26367/aviation-the-aerial-tactics-game-board-game-gibson-games/
Edan's business remained active during the First World War, as she filed at least one patent in 1917. By 1925, her office was located at 3 Avenue du Maine, in the 15th arrondissement of Paris.L'Annuaire industriel : répertoire analytique général de l'industrie (Paris, 1925). "EDAN-RODHAIN, 3 avenue du Maine, Paris, 15th. Parlor games. (26-24179)."
Edan's husband died in 1920. Edan herself died on 2 May 1934, at the age of 82, at her home and office on Avenue du Maine in Paris.{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Actes de décès - Archives de Paris - Code 15D 359, No. 1886|url=https://archives.paris.fr/arkotheque/visionneuse/visionneuse.php?arko=YTo2OntzOjQ6ImRhdGUiO3M6MTA6IjIwMjQtMTAtMjQiO3M6MTA6InR5cGVfZm9uZHMiO3M6MTE6ImFya29fc2VyaWVsIjtzOjQ6InJlZjEiO2k6NDtzOjQ6InJlZjIiO2k6Mjc5MDczO3M6MTY6InZpc2lvbm5ldXNlX2h0bWwiO2I6MTtzOjIxOiJ2aXNpb25uZXVzZV9odG1sX21vZGUiO3M6NDoicHJvZCI7fQ==#uielem_move=128%2C127&uielem_islocked=0&uielem_zoom=138&uielem_brightness=0&uielem_contrast=0&uielem_isinverted=0&uielem_rotate=F|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=24 October 2024|website=archives.paris.fr}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Bibliography
- Michel Boutin, “L'Attaque, a French game derived from Gunjin Shogi”, in Art et savoir de l'Inde : Actes du colloque « Jeux indiens et originaires d'Inde » organisés [sic] dans le cadre d’Europalia India, Michel Van Langendonckt, ed, Brussels : HEB, 2015 (Sciences, art and culture, 2), p. 233-268
- Michel Boutin, " De L'Attaque à Stratego », Plato, n° 97, June 2017, p. 56-60.
- Michel Boutin, " Histoire et diffusion d’un jeu japonais 'Gunjin Shogi' et d’un jeu danois 'Polygon-Hex' ", in Farida Sellal, ed., Association «Sauver l’Imzad » – 4ème Rencontre internationale : Recueil de Communications « Pratiques sportives traditionnelles et tourisme culturel durable » – Tamanrasset, from 7 to 12 January 2019, (Tamanrasset) : (Association Sauver l’Imzad), nd [2020], p. 17-49.
External links
- [https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgamedesigner/3216/hermance-edan Hermance Edan's designer page at BoardGameGeek]
{{Portal bar|Games}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Edan, Hermance}}