Hieracium scabrum
{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Hieracium scabrum in flower.jpg
|status=G5
|status_system=TNC
| genus = Hieracium
| species = scabrum
| authority = Michx. 1803 not Willd. ex Froel. 1838 nor Gaud. 1820
| synonyms_ref =
| synonyms =
}}
Hieracium scabrum, commonly known as rough hawkweed{{PLANTS|id=HISC|taxon=Hieracium scabrum|accessdate=23 July 2015}} or sticky hawkweed,{{Cite web|title=Hieracium scabrum (Sticky Hawkweed)|url=https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/sticky-hawkweed|access-date=16 August 2024|website=www.minnesotawildflowers.info}} is a North American plant species in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae. It is native to the eastern and central United States and Canada.
Description
Hieracium scabrum is an herb up to {{convert|60|cm|ft|abbr=on}} tall with many hairs so that it feels rough to the touch. Leaves are mostly on the stem with only a few at the bottom. Leaves are up to {{convert|120|mm|in|abbr=on}} long. One stalk can produce 5-50 flower heads in a conical or flat-topped array. Each head has 30-60 yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers.[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242416661 Flora of North America, Hieracium scabrum Michaux, 1803. ] Flowers bloom from July to September.{{Cite web|title=Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin|url=https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=HISCS|access-date=2022-02-22|website=www.wildflower.org}}
Distribution and habitat
Hieracium scabrum is native to the eastern and central United States and Canada from Nova Scotia west to Ontario, Minnesota, and Kansas south as far as Georgia and Oklahoma.[http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Hieracium%20scabrum.png Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map] It grows in sandy soils and inhabits in a variety of habitats including anthropogenic habitats, meadows, fields and woodlands.{{Cite web|title=Hieracium scabrum - rough hawkweed |url=https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/hieracium/scabrum/|access-date=16 August 2024|website=Go Botany Native Plant Trust}}
Ecology
Little is known about floral-faunal relationships involving Hieracium scabrum, but the flower heads are likely pollinated by long-tongued bees and other insects. It is suspected that Hieracium scabrum serves as a host plant for Schinia bina. The seeds and leaves of Hieracium scabrum are known to be eaten by wild turkey and ruffed grouse. The foliage is occasionally browsed by eastern cottontails and white-tailed deer, but is not a preferred food source due to its hairiness and it containing an unpalatable bitter white latex.{{Cite web|title=Rough Hawkweed |url=https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/savanna/plants/rgh_hawkweed.html|access-date=16 August 2024|website=www.illinoiswildflowers.info}}
Ethnobotany
Hieracium scabrum was used by the Rappahannock as an antidiarrheal drug.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{Commons-inline}}
- {{Wikispecies-inline}}
- [http://www.tropicos.org/ImageFullView.aspx?imageid=89425 Photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Missouri in 1996]
- [http://www.tropicos.org/ImageFullView.aspx?imageid=100340765 Photo by Gerrit Davidse, closeup of flower heads showing hairs on foliage]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q15548130}}
Category:Flora of the United States
Category:Plants described in 1803
{{Cichorieae-stub}}