Higashiyama Treasure

{{Short description|Japanese artifacts}}

The Higashiyama Treasure (東山御物 Higashiyama gyomotsu, Higashiyama gomotsu) was a collection of important and valuable artefacts by the Ashikaga shogunate. It is named after the residence of the 8th shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate, {{Interlanguage link multi|Ashikaga Yoshimasa|2=ja|3=足利義政 |preserve=1}} (1436–1490), in the eastern hills (東山 Higashiyama) of the capital city Kyoto. The items consisted mostly of karamono (Chinese items) and consisted of ceramics, lacquerware, paintings, calligraphy, and others.{{Cite web |title=Higashiyama gomotsu |url=http://www.omotesenke.jp/english/chanoyu/glossary/6_2_2_win01.html |access-date=2022-07-03 |website=www.omotesenke.jp}} It represented the pinnacle of Higashiyama culture.

After the fall of the shogunate, the treasures were dispersed and some survived and are listed as either National Treasures or objects of Important Cultural Property.

The collecting of important items was continued by the warlords Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who laid great emphasis on Japanese tea utensils as chadō was developed. These were known as special tea utensils (名物 meibutsu, 大名物 {{Interlanguage link multi| meibutsu{{!}}Ōmeibutsu |2=ja|3=名物 (茶道具)#大名物 |preserve=1}}).

List of existing items

  • Summer Mountain (夏景山水図), National Treasure, Kuon-ji, Minobu, Yamanashi
  • Autumn Landscape (秋景山水図), National Treasure, Konchi-in, Kyoto
  • Winter Landscape (冬景山水図), National Treasure, Konchi-in, Kyoto
  • Sakyamuni descending the mountain after asceticism / Snowy Landscape (出山釈迦図・雪景山水図), National Treasure, Tokyo National Museumhttp://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100217?x=&y=&s=&d_lang=en&s_lang=&word=&class=&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=&cptype=&owner=&pos=1&num=1&mode=¢ury= {{Dead link|date=July 2022}}
  • Han-shan and Shi-de (寒山拾得図), Important Cultural Property, Tokyo National Museum{{Dead link|date=July 2022}}
  • (紙本墨画布袋図), Important Cultural Property, private collection
  • (紙本墨画老子像), Important Cultural Property, Okayama Prefectural Museum of Art
  • Insects and Flower Plants (草虫図), Important Cultural Property, Tokyo National Museum{{Dead link|date=July 2022}}
  • Bamboos and Insects (竹虫図), Important Cultural Property, Tokyo National Museum{{Dead link|date=July 2022}}
  • Plum Flower and Two Sparrows (梅花双雀図), Important Cultural Property, Tokyo National Museum{{Dead link|date=July 2022}}

class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; background:#fff;"

! style="text-align:left; background:#ffdead;"| Name

! style="text-align:left; background:#ffdead;"| Author

! style="text-align:left; background:#ffdead;" class="unsortable"| Remarks

! style="text-align:left; background:#ffdead;"| Date

! style="text-align:left; background:#ffdead;"| Format

! style="text-align:left; background:#ffdead;"| Present location

! style="text-align:left; background:#ffdead;" class="unsortable"| Image

{{nihongo|Summer Mountain|絹本著色夏景山水図|kenpon chakushoku kakei sansui-zu}}{{Cite book |last=Kazuyoshi |first=Ohishi |url=https://www.ebay.com/itm/174727383751 |title=日本国宝展— National Treasures of Japan |publisher=Yomiuri Shimbun |year=1990 |editor-last=Otsuka |editor-first=Kogeisha |pages=XII |language=ja}}

| Hu Zhifuattributed to Hu Zhifu

| {{center|—}}

| 1200Southern Song dynasty, 13th century

| hanging scroll landscapeHanging scroll, color on silk, {{convert|118.5|x|52.7|cm|abbr=on}}

| Yamanashi Minobu Kuon-jiKuon-ji, Minobu, Yamanashi

| File:Summer Mountain.JPG

{{nihongo|Autumn and Winter Landscapes|絹本著色秋景冬景山水図|kenpon chakushoku shūkei tōkei sansuizu}}{{Citation

| title = Autumn and Winter Landscapes

| publisher = Kyoto National Museum

| accessdate = 2009-05-26

| url = http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/syuzou/meihin/kaiga/chuugoku/item09.html

| archive-date = 2009-07-11

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090711222526/http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/syuzou/meihin/kaiga/chuugoku/item09.html

| url-status = dead

}}

| Huizong of Songattributed to Emperor Huizong of Song

| {{center|—}}

| 1127Southern Song dynasty, 12th century

| hanging scroll landscapeTwo hanging scrolls, color on silk, each {{convert|128.2|x|55.2|cm|abbr=on}}

| Kyoto Kyoto KonchiinKonchi-in, Kyoto

| File:Emperor Huizong of Song winter.jpg File:Emperor Huizong of Song autumn.jpg

{{nihongo|Sakyamuni descending the mountain after asceticism|絹本墨画淡彩出山釈迦図|kenpon bokuga tansai shussan shuka zu}} (I)

{{nihongo|Snowy Landscape|絹本墨画淡彩雪景山水図|kenpon bokuga tansai sekkei sansui zu}} (II)

{{nihongo|Snowy Landscape|絹本墨画淡彩雪景山水図|kenpon bokuga tansai sekkei sansui zu}} purportedly by Liang Kai (III){{Cite web |last=東京国立博物館 -トーハク- |title=TOKYO NATIONAL MUSEUM - Collections The TNM Collection Object List Snowscape. |url=https://www.tnm.jp/modules/r_collection/index.php?controller=dtl&colid=TA141 |access-date=2022-07-03 |website=www.tnm.jp |language=en}}{{Citation

| publisher = Tokyo National Museum

| accessdate = 2011-10-03

| title = Sakyamuni descending the mountain after asceticism/Snowy Landscape

| url = http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100217/000/000?mode=detail&d_lang=en&s_lang=en&class=1&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=¢ury=&cptype=&owner=&pos=33&num=4

| archive-date = 2012-04-03

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120403040837/http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100217/000/000?mode=detail&d_lang=en&s_lang=en&class=1&title=&c_e=®ion=&era=¢ury=&cptype=&owner=&pos=33&num=4

| url-status = dead

}}

| Liang Kai

| "III" was cut later to make the three paintings into a triad likely during the time of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. Marked with the zakkeshitsu-in seal found on Chinese paintings imported to Japan by the Ashikaga. Originally designated as three distinct National Treasures, they came to be designated as a single National Treasure in 2007.

| 1200Southern Song dynasty, 13th century

| hanging scroll landscapeThree hanging scrolls, ink and light color on silk, {{convert|110.3|x|49.7|cm|abbr=on}} (I), {{convert|110.8|x|50.1|cm|abbr=on}} (II), {{convert|117.6|x|52.0|cm|abbr=on}} (III)

| Tokyo Tokyo Tokyo National MuseumTokyo National Museum, Tokyo

| File:Snowy Scenery.jpg

See also

References