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High Street, Fremantle

{{Short description|Street in Fremantle, Western Australia}}

{{Use Australian English|date=September 2013}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}

{{Infobox Australian road

| road_name = High Street

| state = wa

| type = road

| image = WTF Roel Loopers High Street from above, Fremantle.jpg

| caption = Looking east along High Street from the Roundhouse

| length = 3.7

| est =

| route = {{AUshield|S|7}} State Route 7

| direction_a = East

| end_a = {{AUshield|S|7}} Leach Highway (State Route 7), Fremantle

| exits = {{Plainlist|

  • Carrington Street
  • {{AUshield|S|5}} Stirling Highway (State Route 5)
  • {{AUshield|S|12}} Ord Street (State Route 12)

}}

| direction_b = West

| end_b = Little High Street near The Round House, Fremantle

| through =

}}

File:Freo gnangarra-116.jpg

File:AUS Perth, Fremantle, Cliff Street 013.jpg

High Street is the main street running through the City of Fremantle, Western Australia.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57819651 |title=High-Street, Fremantle—. |newspaper=Sunday Times |location=Perth |date=15 February 1914 |access-date=7 November 2012 |page=1 Section: Second section |publisher=National Library of Australia}} The street passes by historic landmarks, including the Round House, the Fremantle Town Hall, and the Fremantle War Memorial, through the Fremantle West End Heritage area and through two town squares. Trams operated along High Street for 47 years, between 1905 and 1952. Running east–west, High Street continues as Leach Highway, a major arterial road, at

Stirling Highway, linking Fremantle with Perth Airport although the stretch of road between Stirling Highway and Carrington Street is known locally—and signed—as High Street.{{cite web

|url=https://catalogue.data.wa.gov.au/dataset/ntwk-iris-road-network

|title=Road Network (MRWA-514)

|date=6 September 2017

|website=data.wa.gov.au

|publisher= Government of Western Australia

|access-date=25 June 2018

}}

History

Within twelve years of Fremantle being settled in 1829, High Street was considered the main road of the area.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59686687 |title=High St. marches with history. |newspaper=Sunday Times |location=Perth |date=21 March 1954 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=19 Section: First section |publisher=National Library of Australia}} The street was named by the Surveyor-General of Western Australia John Septimus Roe,{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32523429 |title=Historical Society. |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=1 June 1931 |access-date=10 November 2012 |page=11 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} in line with the traditional naming of main streets in England.{{cite book|last=Ewers|first=John K.|title=The Western Gateway: A History of Fremantle|year=1971|publisher=University of Western Australia Press for the Fremantle City Council|location=Nedlands, Western Australia|isbn=085564 050 2|pages=223|edition=2nd}} The east–west route linked the Round House at Arthur Head to Saint John's Church of England in Kings Square.

High Street was first paved in 1858 with Yorkshire flagstones; however, initially only the northern side of the road was paved. In 1881, the extension of High Street commenced after Saint John's Church sold land for the Fremantle Town Hall, and a right of way through Kings Square, to the Fremantle City Council.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2977714 |title=Municipal meeting |newspaper=The Western Australian Times |location=Perth |date=19 June 1877 |access-date=18 November 2012 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}{{cite book|last=Ewers|first=John K.|title=The Western Gateway: A History of Fremantle|year=1971|publisher=University of Western Australia Press for the Fremantle City Council|location=Nedlands, Western Australia|isbn=085564 050 2|pages=30, 184|edition=2nd}}

In the 1960s, High Street was closed to traffic and made into a pedestrian mall between Queen Street and Market Street. This was carried out as part of a traffic management plan for Fremantle, which reinstated Kings Square as a town square, and turned the streets around the square into a one way rotary.

=Trams=

{{See also|Trams in Fremantle}}

A plan for an electric tram network in Fremantle was submitted to the City Council in July 1897, that included routes along High Street.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3179176 |title=Proposed Fremantle Tramways |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=12 July 1897 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} However, there was some opposition to the plans from local residents.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article83063718 |title=Fremantle Electric Light and Tramway Scheme.|newspaper=The Daily News |location=Perth |date=18 November 1899 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} The details of the tramway scheme were not finalised until June 1904.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article25090436 |title=Fremantle Tramways and electric Lighting. |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=9 June 1904 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} The Fremantle and East Fremantle councils financed the project through a loan of 80,000 pounds.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article25091025 |title=Fremantle Tramways and Electric Lighting |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=16 June 1904 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} The first trial runs of trams along High Street were on 30 September 1905,{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article57206045 |title=Fremantle Trams. |newspaper=Sunday Times |location=Perth |date=1 October 1905 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=1 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} with the system officially opening on 30 October of that year.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article25527107 |title=Fremantle Week. |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=31 October 1905 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} Trams operated along High Street{{Citation | author1=Nixon, C. M | title=High Street, Fremantle in 1929 | publication-date=1900 | url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/159554006 | access-date=7 November 2012 }} until 1952, when the trams in Fremantle were replaced by buses.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49038547 |title=Veterans of Fremantle Tramways. |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=26 June 1952 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49048043 |title=Port Switch To Buses. |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=21 August 1952 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=16 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49054416 |title=Port Soon To See Last of Its Trams. |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=24 September 1952 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} The trams were taken out of service due to their economic costs and to relieve traffic congestion on roads.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49032206 |title=Buses replacing trams at port. |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=17 May 1952 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} The last tram service operated was on 8 November 1952.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article60101260 |title=Historic link Mayor Drives Last Tram. |newspaper=Sunday Times |location=Perth |date=9 November 1952 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=24 Section: Sporting Section |publisher=National Library of Australia}}{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49062687 |title=Civic Farewell For Port's Last Tram |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=10 November 1952 |access-date=19 November 2012 |page=6 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}

=High Street upgrade=

The section of High Street between Carrington Street and Stirling Highway was upgraded between 2019 and 2022 to a dual carriageway expressway with a roundabout replacing the T junction with the latter road.{{cite web |url=https://www.mainroads.wa.gov.au/Documents/General%20Information.RCN-D13%5E23477165.PDF |title=Fact Sheet: Leach Highway Fremantle Upgrade Project |date=September 2014 |website=Main Roads Western Australia |publisher=Government of Western Australia |access-date=3 December 2019 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232124/https://www.mainroads.wa.gov.au/Documents/General%20Information.RCN-D13%5E23477165.PDF |url-status=dead }} The route is part of the main freight access for vehicles accessing the Port of Fremantle, and is a very busy intersection for trucks.

Route description

File:High Street from Market St to Roundhouse.ogv

The street begins at the intersection of Leach Highway and Carrington Street, at Fremantle's eastern edge. It travels west as the continuation of State Route 7, meeting Stirling Highway after {{convert|1.4|km|mi|1}}, at the highway's southern terminus. This stretch of road between Carrington Street and Stirling Highway is a part of Leach Highway. The road continues west for another {{convert|600|m|ft}}, until it reaches Monument Hill at its intersection with East Street and Swanbourne Street. From there it turns south-west, reaching Ord Street after {{convert|300|m|ft|-1}}, which is the western terminus of State Route 7. High Street continues south-west, passing, after {{convert|400|m|ft}}, through Queens Square,{{Citation | author1=Seddon, George | title=Fremantle's two squares | journal=Historic Environment | publication-date=1994 | volume=11 | issue=1 | pages=24–26 | issn=0726-6715 }}At some stage the four squares that make up Queen Square had been fenced and locked, none remain today {{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article83890443 |title=Fremantle Squares. |newspaper=The Daily News |location=Perth |date=4 August 1931 |access-date=7 November 2012 |page=6 Edition: Home (Final) Edition |publisher=National Library of Australia}} a set of four squares around High Street's intersection with Parry Street. Another {{convert|230|m|ft}} along is Queen Street, the north-eastern edge of Kings Square.Kings Square north side had an Anglican church built on it in 1879 -{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article65954652 |title=New church, Fremantle. |newspaper=The Inquirer & Commercial News |location=Perth |date=9 October 1878 |access-date=7 November 2012 |page=3 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}For comments on King Square at the time of the demolition of building in the southern part of the square in 1929{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article32282396 |title=An Historic Site. |newspaper=The West Australian |location=Perth |date=24 May 1929 |access-date=7 November 2012 |page=18 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} High Street is a pedestrian mall through Kings square, and for another {{convert|100|m|ft}} west of the square, until Market Street. South-west from this point, the street is one-way for {{convert|400|m|ft}}, until it reaches Cliff Street. The road's terminus is only {{convert|65|m|ft}} further along, at Little High Street, adjacent to the Round House.

Historic streetscape

File:Fremantle Town Hall High Street.jpg

File:Laying tramlines.jpg

{{See also|List of heritage places in Fremantle}}

High Street is lined by a significant number of heritage buildings between the Round House and where it becomes a pedestrian mall, at Market Street just west of the Fremantle Town Hall. The buildings include:

  • 1 High Street – Fremantle Municipal Tramways Car Barn{{cite web|title=Fremantle Municipal Tramways Car Barn (fmr)|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/09225716-30c1-4418-9f3e-7865d1c2b3bf|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • 4 High Street – Union Bank
  • 6 High Street – Hotel Fremantle{{cite web|title=Hotel Fremantle & residence (at rear)|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/42850814-be06-4d66-b285-67a301a340c8|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • 7 High Street – Bank of New South Wales{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl?mode=place_detail;place_id=10569|title=Bank of New South Wales (former), 7 High St, Fremantle, WA, Australia|work=Australian Heritage Database|publisher=Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities|access-date=2 December 2012}}
  • 9–23 High Street – Owston's Buildings{{cite web|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/dfbee305-c0b2-43e1-aad4-cdaa075b537b|title=Owston's Buildings|access-date=19 January 2017|work=InHerit|publisher=Heritage Council of Western Australia}}
  • 22 High Street – Westpac Building{{cite web|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/4645a089-ee91-408c-8408-e9fe4065374d|title=Westpac Building, 22 High Street|access-date=11 January 2017|work=InHerit|publisher=Heritage Council of Western Australia}}
  • 25 High Street – P&O Hotel{{cite web|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/b70f8d49-b3ab-4563-93a8-292a54637f52|title=P & O Hotel|access-date=2 January 2017|work=InHerit|publisher=Heritage Council of Western Australia}}
  • 28–36 High Street – Adelec Buildings
  • 35 High Street – Athena Lodge{{cite web|title=Athena Lodge (fmr)|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/76db5cc7-a70f-4384-b37f-579abe146022|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=5 November 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121203075005/http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/76db5cc7-a70f-4384-b37f-579abe146022|archive-date=3 December 2012}}
  • 38–50 High Street – Marich Buildings
  • 39 High Street – Orient Hotel{{cite web|title=Orient Hotel|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/eac67dfc-ac90-464c-ba38-d8b599a782ad|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • 41–47 High Street – Union Stores Building{{cite web|title=Union Stores Building (fmr)|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/4b2033a6-ad08-4b3f-837b-732c8df0c544|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • 61–63 High Street – Central Chambers{{cite web|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/40c78165-b2ac-4d1b-9400-26ddf035e966|title=Central Chambers|access-date=23 December 2016|work=InHerit|date=21 December 2016|publisher=Heritage Council of Western Australia}}
  • 80 High Street – Commercial Hotel{{Heritage Council of Western Australia|name=Commercial Hotel|id=21|accessdate=18 March 2017}}
  • 81–83 High Street – R.S.L. Club{{cite web|title=R.S.L. Club|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/2b1e3cfa-66d3-40af-8482-87cbdff975c0|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • 84 High Street – ANZ Bank Building{{cite web|title=ANZ Bank Building|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/3fd85796-e397-462a-a98e-3ff79a5131ab|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=5 November 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205215815/http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/3fd85796-e397-462a-a98e-3ff79a5131ab|archive-date=5 December 2012}}
  • 98 High Street – National Hotel{{cite web|title=National Hotel|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/d84f254d-9df0-427b-8854-e5a9dcc98f48|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • 101 High Street – Higham's Buildings

At the town hall the pedestrian mall is crossed by the intersection of Adelaide and William streets it then continues through Kings Square until it reaches Queen Street. The section of road through Kings Square is frequently used for festivals and markets. From Queens Street, High Street continues east until it abuts Leach Highway at Carrington street. Along this section of the road there are a number of further significant places including:

  • 160 High Street – Dalkeith House{{cite web|title=Dalkeith House|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/13c5b9cf-52d1-4ea7-9dbb-9762c4922c0f|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • 177 High Street – Oriana Cinema
  • 179 High Street – Victoria Hall{{cite web|title=Victoria Hall|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/824f805d-1ecd-45a1-8426-d1868db3817d|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • 186 High Street – Lenaville{{cite web|title=Lenaville|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/2a4d7b22-a34f-467f-bdb3-fb8d9c83b2a4|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • 200 High Street – Fremantle Grammar School{{cite web|title=Fremantle Grammar School (fmr)|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/bd209316-45b8-479e-91ad-6e772d44a6ad|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • High & Swanborne – Fremantle War Memorial{{cite web|title=Fremantle War Memorial & Monument Hill|url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/afc30f42-9cac-479e-9f37-cd1b876573c0|publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia|access-date=19 November 2012|date=23 December 2011}}
  • High & Carrington – Fremantle Cemetery{{cite web|title=Fremantle Cemetery and Superintendent's Cottage |url=http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/657083d1-9d20-4c93-a602-d937981e3d34 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121205141938/http://inherit.stateheritage.wa.gov.au/Public/Inventory/Details/657083d1-9d20-4c93-a602-d937981e3d34 |archive-date=5 December 2012 |publisher=State Heritage Office – Government of Western Australia |access-date=19 November 2012 |date=12 November 2012 }}

Major intersections

{{AUSinttop}}

{{AUS-WAint

|type=

|LGA=Melville–Fremantle boundary

|LGAspan=1

|location_special={{WAcity|Palmyra}}–Fremantle boundary

|km=0

|road= Carrington Street – {{WAcity|Bicton|White Gum Valley|Hamilton Hill}}

|notes= High Street eastern terminus, continues as {{AUshield|S|7|+|airport}} Leach Highway (State Route 7) to Bull Creek, Welshpool, Perth Airport}}

{{AUS-WAint

|type=

|LGA=Fremantle

|LGAspan=9

|location_special=Fremantle

|lspan=9

|km=9

|road= {{AUshield|S|5}} Stirling Highway (State Route 5) – {{WAcity|East Fremantle|Claremont|Perth}}

|notes=

}}

{{AUS-WAint

|km=2

|road= East Street north / Swanbourne Street south

|notes=

}}

{{AUS-WAint

|type=concur

|km=2.3

|road= {{AUshield|S|12}} Ord Street (State Route 12) – {{WAcity|North Fremantle|Coogee|Henderson}}

|notes= State Route 7 western terminus; no right turn permitted from Ord Street southbound to High Street westbound

}}

{{AUS-WAint

|km=2.7

|road= Parry Street

|notes=

}}

{{AUS-WAint

|km=2.9

|road= Queen Street

|notes= Transitions to a pedestrian mall

}}

{{AUS-WAint

|km=3.1

|road= Adelaide Street northeast / William Street southeast

|notes=

}}

{{AUS-WAint

|type=incomplete

|km=3.2

|road= Market Street

|notes= Transitions to a one-way street westbound

}}

{{AUS-WAint

|type=incomplete

|km=3.7

|road= Cliff Street

|notes= Transitions to a two-way street

}}

{{AUS-WAint

|km=3.8

|road= Little High Street

|notes= Western terminus

}}

{{Jctbtm|keys=concur,incomplete|conv=off}}

See also

File:High St Fremantle 051121 gnangarra.webm

{{Portal-inline|Australian Roads}}

Notes

{{Attached KML|display=title,inline}}

{{commons category|position=left|High Street, Fremantle}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

;Route description

  • {{Google Maps | url=https://maps.google.com.au/maps?saddr=High+St%2FState+Route+7&daddr=High+St&hl=en&ll=-32.049698,115.759206&spn=0.028336,0.052314&sll=-32.055813,115.742351&sspn=0.001771,0.00327&geocode=FZ7yFv4dcKfmBg%3BFV7dFv4dVBTmBg&dirflg=w&mra=ltm&t=m&z=15 | access-date = 19 November 2012}}

{{WA road routes

|route=State Route 7

|shield={{AUshield|S|7}}

|roads={{WA road routes/R|7}}

}}

{{Streets of Fremantle}}

Category:Fremantle West End Heritage area

Category:Streets in Fremantle

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