Hilbert (crater)
{{Short description|Crater on the Moon}}
{{Infobox Lunar crater
| image = AS15-M-1729.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Hilbert from Apollo 15. NASA photo.
| coordinates = {{coord|17.87|S|108.32|E|globe:moon_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| diameter = 173.24 km
| depth = Unknown
| colong = 254
| eponym = David Hilbert
}}
Image:Hilbert crater 2196 med.jpg image]]
Image:Hibert crater 1102 h2.jpg image]]
Hilbert is a lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon, just past the southeast limb. It is named for German mathematician David Hilbert.{{cite web|title=Hilbert|url=http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/2503|website=Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature|publisher=International Astronomical Union|access-date=13 September 2017}} It lies just beyond the region of the surface that is occasionally brought into view due to libration, and so this feature cannot be observed directly from the Earth.
The crater is attached to the southeast rim of the walled plain Pasteur, a formation nearly half as large again as Hilbert. To the southeast of Hilbert is the smaller crater Alden, while Backlund lies to the west-northwest.
Much of the outer rim of Hilbert remains relatively intact, although it is heavily eroded in places particularly in the south. The interior is relatively flat, but has been deeply gouged by several small craters. There is a short range of central ridges offset to the west of the interior midpoint. Just to the west of the ridges is Hilbert W, a crater with a smaller crater overlying the western rim, giving it a pear-like shape. Hilbert H is a circular, bowl-shaped crater in the east part of the floor. Next to the northern rim is Hilbert Y. There are also many lesser craterlets scattered about the interior.
It is characterised by an extremely high rockfall density by lunar standards.{{cite journal |date=2020-06-08 |first=Valentin Tertius |last=Bickel |display-authors=etal |title=Impacts drive lunar rockfalls over billions of years |pages=1-7 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342008792 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-16653-3 |journal=Nature Communications |eissn=2041-1723 |volume=11|pmc=7280507 }}{{rp|2}}
Hilbert is one of the largest craters of Nectarian age.[https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/pp1348 The geologic history of the Moon]. USGS Professional Paper 1348. By Don E. Wilhelms, John F. McCauley, and Newell J. Trask. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington: 1987. Table 9-4.
Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Hilbert.
| class="wikitable"
!width="25%" style="background:#eeeeee;" |Hilbert !width="25%" style="background:#eeeeee;" |Latitude !width="25%" style="background:#eeeeee;" |Longitude !width="25%" style="background:#eeeeee;" |Diameter |
| align="center"|A
|align="center"|15.9° S |align="center"|108.7° E |align="center"|11 km |
| align="center"|E
|align="center"|16.5° S |align="center"|111.8° E |align="center"|49 km |
| align="center"|G
|align="center"|19.0° S |align="center"|114.0° E |align="center"|50 km |
| align="center"|H
|align="center"|18.2° S |align="center"|109.6° E |align="center"|14 km |
| align="center"|L
|align="center"|21.2° S |align="center"|108.9° E |align="center"|32 km |
| align="center"|S
|align="center"|18.1° S |align="center"|105.8° E |align="center"|12 km |
| align="center"|W
|align="center"|17.1° S |align="center"|107.6° E |align="center"|20 km |
| align="center"|Y
|align="center"|15.6° S |align="center"|107.5° E |align="center"|28 km |
References
{{Reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
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| authorlink2 = Ewen Whitaker
| date = 1982
| title = NASA Catalogue of Lunar Nomenclature
| publisher = NASA RP-1097
}}
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| authorlink2 = Paul Spudis
| date = 2004
| title = The Clementine Atlas of the Moon
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| location = New York
| isbn = 978-0-521-81528-4
}}
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| publisher = Tudor Publishers
| isbn = 978-0-936389-27-1
| url = https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780936389271
}}
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| first = Jonathan
| date = July 15, 2007
| url = http://host.planet4589.org/astro/lunar/
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| publisher = Jonathan's Space Report
| access-date = 2007-10-24
}}
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| publisher = Cambridge University Press
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| date = 1990
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| authorlink = Thomas William Webb
| date = 1962
| title = Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes
| edition = 6th revised
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| url = https://archive.org/details/celestialobjects00webb
}}
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| first = Ewen A.
| last = Whitaker
| authorlink = Ewen Whitaker
| date = 1999
| title = Mapping and Naming the Moon
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| isbn = 978-0-521-62248-6
}}
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| first = Peter T.
| last = Wlasuk
| date = 2000
| title = Observing the Moon
| publisher = Springer
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}}
{{refend}}
{{Commons category}}