Hilton, Cumbria
{{Short description|Village in Cumbria, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox UK place
| country = England
| static_image_name = St. John the Baptist Church, Hilton - geograph.org.uk - 1804091.jpg
| static_image_caption = St. John the Baptist Church, Hilton
| coordinates = {{coord|54.580|-2.415|display=inline,title}}
| official_name = Hilton
| population =
| population_ref =
| civil_parish = Murton
|unitary_england= Westmorland and Furness
|lieutenancy_england= Cumbria
| region = North West England
| constituency_westminster = Westmorland and Lonsdale
| post_town = APPLEBY-IN-WESTMORLAND
| postcode_district = CA16
| postcode_area = CA
| dial_code = 017683
| os_grid_reference = NY731206
| hide_services = yes
| pushpin_map = United Kingdom Eden
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Eden, Cumbria
| label_position =
}}
Hilton is a village in Cumbria, England, in the civil parish of Murton, about {{convert|3|miles}} east of Appleby-in-Westmorland and at an elevation of {{convert |752|ft}}.{{cite web|url=https://getoutside.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/local/hilton-eden| title= Hilton| website= Ordnance Survey}} In 1870-72 the township had a population of 253.{{Cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/place/26017|title=History of Hilton, in Eden and Westmorland|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=13 January 2022}} It has a rural economy, with much grazing of sheep, though the past was also home to lead mining.
History
Hilton was the birthplace of Christopher Bainbridge (c.1464–1514), Cardinal and Archbishop of York (where he was the direct predecessor of Thomas Wolsey). Bainbridge was closely related to the local families of Langton, Machell and Blenkinsop.
By the end 19th century, Hilton had a population of around 300 in an area of 4,984 acres there were many lead mines nearby and a smelt mill was situated in the village.{{cite web |url=https://www.cumbriacountyhistory.org.uk/township/murton |title=Murton |website= Cumbria County History Trust}} In 1856 the St. John the Baptist Church was constructed in the area between Hilton and Murton which features a three-tier pulpit.{{cite web|url=https://www.carlislediocese.org.uk/church/murton-st-john-the-baptist.html| website=The Diocese of Carlisle|title=Murton St John the Baptist}} Since the 1980s much of the previously common land of the village has been owned by the Ministry of Defence as part of the Warcop Training Area which has been expanded extensively over the years.{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/09/13/mod-accused-land-grab-attempting-turn-common-land-army-firing/|title=MoD accused of 'land grab' for attempting to turn common land into Army firing range| publisher=The Telegraph| date=13 September 2018}}
Watercourses
Hilton Beck flows through the village.{{cite web|url=https://environment.data.gov.uk/catchment-planning/WaterBody/GB102076070770|website=Catchment Data Explorer|publisher=Environment Agency|title=Hilton Beck}} It combines water from Scordale, with its head at Hilton Fell, and Swindale, with its head at Burton Fell. Although the water quality is good on several measures, it is polluted with lead from former mining activities.{{cite web|title=Lead and Its Compounds RNAG [Reasons for Not Achieving Good] in Hilton Beck|url=https://environment.data.gov.uk/catchment-planning/WaterBody/GB102076070770/rnag?cycle=3&element=35|website=Catchment Data Explorer|publisher=Environment Agency}} Water from the beck powered a smelt mill at {{Ordnance Survey coordinates|NY 736208}}{{cite web|url=https://nmrs.org.uk/mines-map/smelt-mills/smelting-g/|title=North Pennines Smelting Mills|accessdate=16 March 2025|website=Northern Mine Research Society}} and a corn mill at {{Ordnance Survey coordinates|NY 733208}}.{{cite web|url=https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1144894?section=official-list-entry|title=Bridge to south of Hilton Mill|website=Historic England}} The mill bridge across the beck is Grade II listed.
Hilton Mine
Some {{convert|2 + 1/4|miles|spell=in}} to the northeast of Hilton, between Hilton Fell{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529195219/http://geonames.nga.mil/namesgaz/detaillinksearch.asp?G_NAME=32FA8818A0ED3774E0440003BA962ED3&Diacritics=DC|url=http://geonames.nga.mil/namesgaz/detaillinksearch.asp?G_NAME=32FA8818A0ED3774E0440003BA962ED3&Diacritics=DC|title=Gazetteer Name: Hilton Fell|website=United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency|archivedate=29 May 2022}} and Murton Fell in Scordale, is the Hilton Mine {{coord|54|35|52|N|2|22|6|W|display=inline|type:landmark}}.[http://www.mindat.org/loc-1477.html Hilton Mine, Scordale, Hilton, Escarpment District, North Pennines, South Eastern Region (Westmorland), Cumbria, England, UK] www.mindat.org Initially it worked for galena (lead ore) in the nineteenth century by the London Lead Company, it was later worked under different owners for barium minerals, barytes and witherite in the early twentieth century. It also was a rare source of yellow coloured fluorite in the UK.[http://www.ukminingventures.com/WeardaleMines2.htm Important Specimen Producing Mines in and Around Weardale - Page 2] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725232509/http://www.ukminingventures.com/WeardaleMines2.htm |date=2010-07-25 }}, section: Hilton Mine, Scordale, Cumbria, www.ukminingventures.com[https://archive.today/20120908092048/http://www.rock-site.co.uk/EZ/rs/rs/page157.php?PHPSESSID=29fprcu48ibllktj7bgrop6m32&outframe=1&PHPSESSID=29fprcu48ibllktj7bgrop6m32 The Pennines and Shap], section "Hilton Mine", www.rock-site.co.uk
See also
{{portal|Cumbria}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{commons category|Hilton, Cumbria}}
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