Hinke Bergegren

Bergegren was born on 22 April 1861 in Kungsholmen, Stockholm to bookseller Evald Teodor Bergegren and Karolina Hildlberg. He worked as a journalist and editor, going on to be hired as an editorial secretary by Hjalmar Branting at The Social Democrat.{{cite book|date=2001 |first=Åsa |id=LIBRIS: [http://libris.kb.se/bib/8382391 8382391] |isbn=91-89044-78-9 |last=Linderborg |location=Stockholm |pages=533 |publisher=Atlas |series=Atlas akademi, 99-3423719-9 |title=Socialdemokraterna skriver historia : historieskrivning som ideologisk maktresurs 1892-2000}}

Bergegren was a leading figure in the Social Democratic party, a figurehead of its anarcho-syndaclist element.Cassel, P. G. (2021). Induced Legal Abortion in Sweden during 1939–1974: Change in Practice and Legal Reform.Stockholm Research Reports in Demography. Bergegren was active in the Swedish labour movement, supporting striking industrial workers during the 1909 Swedish general strike.Hamark, J., & Thörnqvist, C. (2013). Docks and defeat: The 1909 General strike in Sweden and the role of port labour. Historical studies in industrial relations, (34), 1–27. Bergegren supported direct action and in a speech at the second SAP Congress in 1891, he argued that social democrats should be prepared for "any violence whatsoever" and that this involved teaching "workers how to manufacture and use dynamite and daggers."Gerhard Magnusson, Socialdemokratien í Sverige. Första delen (Stockholm: Nordstedt & Sönner, 1920), 249Ahn, J. H. (1996). Ideology and Interest: The Case of Swedish Social Democracy, 1886–1911. Politics & Society, 24(2), pg.161. Bergegren was fined for publicly declaring: “If the officers use violence against us, we will use the same means against them”.Schweitzer, C. (2016). What Can Peace Movements Do? (No. 25). Lulu. com. His solidarity work also extended to sheltering refugees at his villa in Agneberg.https://www.arbark.se/wib/soviet-union.pdf Bergegren's radicalism attracted support among the party's Youth League who gathered around him.Ljunggren, J. (2018). The Boosting and Moulding of Anger: Swedish Social Democratic Emotional Policy from the 1880s to the 1980s. Labour History Review, 83(3), 247–273. As the party leadership moved to the right,

Bergegren was expelled, although his revolutionary activism received continued admiration from younger socialists.Soikkanen, H. (1978). Revisionism, reformism and the Finnish labour movement before the First World War. Scandinavian Journal of History, 3(1–4), pg. 350. Bergegren later turned to support Bolshevism.Kuhn, G. (2009). Anarchism, S weden. The International Encyclopedia of Revolution and Protest, 1–2.

File:Stämningsbegäran Hinke Bergegren 1910-04-28.jpg

Bergegren has been described as a "pioneer propagandist" for contraception.Mazour, A. G. (1964). Michael Futrell, Northern Underground: Episodes of Russian Revolutionary Transport and Communications through Scandinavia and Finland, 1863–1917. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1963. 240 pp. $6.50. Slavic Review, 23(1), 144–145.

After Bergegren gave a speech promoting birth control in 1910, the Swedish government criminalised advocating for birth control.{{Cite web |date=2 December 2021 |title=Lex Hinke – lagen som förbjöd information om preventivmedel 1910 |url=https://stockholmskallan.stockholm.se/post/24678 |access-date=7 August 2024 |website=Stockholmskällan |language=sv}}

Bergegren's support for reproductive rights and contraceptive access was affected by seeing urban poverty in Hagalund. He gave a lecture titled Kärlek utan barn (Love without children) in Stockholm on 7 April 1910.Cassel, P. G. (2021). Induced Legal Abortion in Sweden during 1939–1974: Change in Practice and Legal Reform.Stockholm Research Reports in Demography.

{{Blockquote

|text="My wish is that all unmarried mothers have the same legal protection as other mothers, that the law against the removal of a fetus should be considerate and mild. But I stress, better than the removal of a fetus is to use contraceptives. The unmarried woman who does not have a home or bread for a child should be protected against the consequences of her actions. This is better than, through tears and regret, placing a child into a difficult, unmerciful life. We must speak loudly about the preventive methods that exist."

}}

The conservative newspaper Nya Dagligt Allehanda was outraged by Bergegren's speech and in an article published on 16 April 1910 the paper described it as "nasty propaganda".Cassel, P. G. (2021). Induced Legal Abortion in Sweden during 1939–1974: Change in Practice and Legal Reform.Stockholm Research Reports in Demography. Despite being outlawed, Bergegren continued to lecture in support of contraception and reproductive autonomy; more than 50,000 copies of his lectures were printed and sold across Sweden.Cassel, P. G. (2021). Induced Legal Abortion in Sweden during 1939–1974: Change in Practice and Legal Reform.Stockholm Research Reports in Demography. Bergegren was prosecuted and jailed for his active support for contraception on multiple occasions.Ruusuvaara, L., & Johansson, E. D. B. (1999). Contraceptive strategies for young women in the 21st century. The European journal of contraception & Reproductive Health care, 4(4), 255–263.Cassel, P. G. (2021). Induced Legal Abortion in Sweden during 1939–1974: Change in Practice and Legal Reform.Stockholm Research Reports in Demography.

Bergegren was married to Anna Kajsa Gustafsson (1857–1934) in 1886 at the age of 26, they had no children.{{cite web | url=https://arken.kb.se/SE-S-HS-L35-7 | title=16 blad och lappar med diverse anteckningar. – Dödsattest för Hinke Bergegrens hustru Anna Kajsa Bergegren, född Gustafsson (1875–1934) – ARKEN }}

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• {{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Svenskt biografiskt lexikon |title=H (Hinke) B Bergegren |language=sv |url=https://sok.riksarkivet.se/sbl/Presentation.aspx?id=18564 |author=Boëthius, Bertil|year=1922}}
• {{cite book |title=Svenskt författarlexikon : biobibliografisk handbok till Sveriges moderna litteratur. [1], 1900–1940 |year=1942 |publisher=Rabén & Sjögren |location=Stockholm |language=sv |pages=65–66 |url=https://runeberg.org/sfl/1/0065.html}}

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Category:1861 births

Category:1936 deaths

Category:Swedish Social Democratic Party politicians

Category:Swedish communists

Category:Swedish Comintern people

Category:Swedish anarchists

Category:Anarcho-syndicalists

Category:Politicians from Stockholm