Hipco
{{Short description|Liberian rap music genre}}
{{Infobox music genre
| name = Hipco
| native_name =
| etymology =
| other_names = HipCo
| image = Hipco artist Takun J.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Takun J, a famous Hipco artist.
| stylistic_origins = Hip hop
| cultural_origins = Liberia
| instruments =
| derivatives =
| subgenres =
| fusiongenres =
| regional_scenes =
| local_scenes =
| other_topics =
}}
Hipco, also referred to as HipCo or just 'Co, is a genre of hip hop from Liberia. It has been described by The Guardian as Liberia's "unique musical style" using "vernacular speech and political messages."{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/jan/09/liberia-music-pot-boiling |title=Liberian street hit stirs the political pot |last=Rahimian |first=Nora |date=January 9, 2013 |website=The Guardian |access-date=March 18, 2019}}
History
Rap and pop music are also performed in indigenous languages across the country, with a generation of artists creating their own style of uniquely Liberian rap music called Hipco (or "'Co"). Hipco is usually performed in Liberian English or the local vernacular, using the style of communication with which Liberians speak and relate to each other. Hipco evolved in the 1980s and has always had a social and political bent. In the 1990s it continued to develop through the civil wars, and today stands as a definitive mark of Liberian culture.{{cite web |author=Giamo |first=Christopher |date=24 June 2011 |title=Takun J – Hip-Co in Liberia |url=http://togetherliberia.org/takun-j-hip-co-liberia/ |access-date=2012-06-06 |publisher=Together Liberia}}Ashoka, [https://www.vice.com/en_se/article/hipco-liberia "'Hipco' Is the Soundtrack of Monrovia's Post-War Youth"], Vice, 2 April 2014. Hipco music became popular in 2000. As of 2017, it was the popular music genre of Liberia, "serving as the medium through which rappers speak against societal ills, including injustice and corruption."{{cite web |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/201701190637.html |title=Liberia: Documenting Hipco |last=Dopoe Jr. |first=Robin |date=January 19, 2017 |website=www.allafrica.com |publisher=All Africa |access-date=March 18, 2019}}
The "'co" in the genre is short of the Liberian dialect Kolokwa, which according to the Washington Post, "the Liberian underclass has been improvising since the early 19th century, blending the English brought by 19,000 ex-slaves with words from about 15 native tongues to attain a soft-sounding patois. Kolokwa is 99 percent an oral language — as yet, there is not a single full book in the dialect — and it is all but incomprehensible to the American ear. In Liberia, the cultural elite has long shunned it as lowbrow. Which means that when Hipco artists inject a few choice snatches of Kolokwa into otherwise English lyrics, their words have political zing."{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/lifestyle/magazine/trump-insulted-these-countries-travel-writer-celebrates-them/ |title=Last year Trump called these countries a profane name. We sent a travel writer to celebrate them. |last=Donahue |first=Bill |date=March 12, 2019 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=March 18, 2019}}{{Cite journal |last=African 671 |first=University of Wisconsin-Madison Students in |title=Liberian Music-Hipco |url=https://wisc.pb.unizin.org/lctlresources/chapter/liberian-music-hipco/ |language=en}} According to the Washington Post, "HipCo is to Liberia as jazz is to the United States." In 2017, Liberian historian C. Patrick Burrows stated "we're on the verge of a renaissance. HipCo is at the leading edge of it." In 2020, Takun J, DenG, Sundaygar Dearboy, Tan Tan, Soul Smiter, Odemz, and Amaze recorded the Hipco song "Sanitize". The artists released the song in order to raise awareness about Covid-19 and encourage Liberians to practice good hygiene.{{cite web |title=Liberian Hipco Stars Fight COVID-19 Through Music |url=https://accountabilitylab.org/liberian-hipco-stars-fight-covid-19-through-music/ |website=Accountability Lab |access-date=17 February 2023 |date=May 13, 2020 |archive-date=6 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206012045/https://accountabilitylab.org/liberian-hipco-stars-fight-covid-19-through-music/ |url-status=live }}
Artists
Among high-profile hipco artists are Takun J, Christoph the Change, and Bucky Raw.{{cite web |last=Richardson |first=Whitney |date=November 4, 2017 |title=The Ease of Monrovia's 'Hipco' Clubs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/04/style/monrovia-hipco-clubs.html |access-date=March 18, 2019 |website=The New York Times}}{{cite web |url=https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/wdaemm/hipco-liberia |title='Hipco' Is the Soundtrack of Monrovia's Post-War Youth |date=March 30, 2014 |website=www.vice.com |publisher=Vice |access-date=March 18, 2019}}{{cite web |url=https://www.liberianobserver.com/lib-life/music-industry-awash-with-beef-over-ownership-of-song-title-woomi/ |title=Music Industry Awash with Beef over Ownership of Song Title: "Woomi" |last=Millimono |first=Saah F. |date=August 30, 2018 |website=www.liberianobserver.com |publisher=Liberian Observer |access-date=April 15, 2019}}
UNICEF has worked with Hipco artists to release hipco songs on Ebola prevention, with several of the songs becoming popular on radio in the country in 2014.{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/21/world/ebola-entertainment-education/index.html |title=Using music to fight Ebola in Liberia |last=Cullinane |first=Susannah |date=October 21, 2014 |website=www.cnn.com |publisher=CNN |access-date=March 18, 2019}} The Liberia Music Awards have a Hipco Artist of the Year category.{{cite web |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/liberia-music-awards-2018-full-list-winners |title=Liberia Music Awards 2018: Full list of winners |date=December 23, 2018 |website=www.musicinafrica.net |publisher=Music in Africa |access-date=March 18, 2019}} The Liberian Entertainment Awards do as well.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Genres of African popular music}}
{{hip hop}}