History of Saskatoon

Before the founding of the city itself, the Saskatoon area was already inhabited by nomadic indigenous peoples, with the oldest traces of occupation dating back around 6,000 years. Stratified remains from the Tipperary Creek First Nations sites near Saskatoon indicate that the area was occupied by indigenous peoples in winter.{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/saskatoon |title=Saskatoon |last1=Sarjeant |first1=A. Margaret |last2=Sarjeant |first2=William A.S. |last3=Kerr |first3=Don |encyclopedia=The Canadian Encyclopedia |publisher=Historica Canada |date=2015-03-04 |access-date=2021-08-25}} The future site of Saskatoon was part of the lands that First Nations ceded to the Crown by Treaty 6 in 1876.

The Qu'Appelle, Long Lake and Saskatchewan Railway reached Saskatoon in 1890 and crossed the South Saskatchewan River where the Senator Sid Buckwold Bridge now stands, causing a boom in development on the west side of the river.

File:Canada - Saskatoon - NARA - 68154640 (cropped).jpg

File:Canada - Saskatoon - NARA - 68154642 (cropped).jpg

File:Canada - Saskatoon - NARA - 68154638 (cropped).jpg

From the end of the North-West Rebellion in 1895 to 1913, Saskatoon was a "boom town" that saw exponential population growth.{{cite encyclopedia

|last =Sarjeant

|first = A. Margaret

|last2=Sarjeant

|first2=William A.S.

|encyclopedia=The Canadian Encyclopedia

|entry=Saskatoon – Development

|publisher = Hurtig Publisher Inc.

|page = 1643

}} The main contributing factors of the exponential growth includes the establishment of a temperance settlement in the area during the late 19th century; an economic surge created by the Barr colonists 1903; the city becoming western Canada's railway network hub, and the establishment of the University of Saskatchewan in the city.

File:BarrColonists.jpg

In 1901, Saskatoon's population hit 113. A third settlement, Riversdale, also began just southwest of Saskatoon. 1903 saw an economic boom for Saskatoon with the encampment of Barr colonists on their way to the Brittania colony. A town charter for the west side of the river was obtained in 1903; Nutana became a village in the same year.

April 1904 saw the collapse of the rail bridge due to spring melt and ice on the South Saskatchewan River.[http://www.rootsweb.com/~sksaskat/NarrativesOfSaskatoon/66.html Saskatoon Gen Web Project Narratives of Saskatoon] accessed March 30, 2007 The Grand Trunk Pacific Railway system survey proposed Hanley as its northern terminal between Regina and Prince Albert.[http://www.lib.unb.ca/Texts/TRIC/bin/get.cgi?directory=vol3_2/&filename=ONeill.htm Theatre Research in Canada SASKATCHEWAN'S LAST OPERA HOUSE: HANLEY 1912–1982] accessed March 30, 2007 Saskatoon's Board of Trade sent delegates from Saskatoon to Ottawa to discuss the river crossing and proposed city bridges. Their mission resulted in the selection of Saskatoon as the divisional centre for both the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway; both of these built bridges near the town by 1907. The QLL&SR bridge was rebuilt in 1905, and again after a train fell through it in March 1914; it was demolished in 1965 to make way for the Senator Sid Buckwold Bridge and the Idylwyld Freeway.[http://www.saskatoonlibrary.ca/html/LHistoryfacts.html#eggceptionalhen Local History Room Quirky Facts (Saskatoon Public Library)The day a train fell into the river] accessed March 30, 2007

In 1906 Saskatoon became a city with a population of 4,500, which included the communities of Saskatoon, Riversdale, and Nutana.

Following the formation of the Province of Saskatchewan September 1, 1905, premier Hon. Walter Scott focused on the creation of a provincial university and agricultural college. Moose Jaw, Prince Albert, Saskatoon, Regina, Qu'Appelle, Indian Head and Battleford were all under consideration for this location. President Walter Murray and the Board of University Governors voted in favour of Saskatoon on April 7, 1907.{{cite periodical

|last = Murray

|first = Jean E.

|periodical=Saskatchewan History |volume=XII |issue=1 |date=Winter 1959

|title = The contest for the University of Saskatchewan

|page = 1

}}

File:Students leaving the Chemistry Building, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon Des étudiants sortant de l’édifice consacré à la chimie, Université de la Saskatchewan, à Saskatoon (34407150985).jpg exit the chemistry building, 1944. The university was established in Saskatoon in 1907.]]

1907 saw the completion of the Traffic Bridge, as well as the CPR Bridge and Grand Trunk Pacific GTP Railway Bridge.{{cite book

|last = Youngberg

|first = Gail A.

|editor = Atlas of Saskatchewan Millennium Edition

|title = Development of the City of Saskatoon

|publisher = University of Saskatchewan

|page = 283

}} The geographical barrier: South Saskatchewan River between Nutana and West Saskatoon was overcome with the building of the Traffic Bridge, which opened in 1907. The physical barrier of the CNR rail yards isolated Riversdale and Saskatoon. Road underpasses below the rail line were built at 19th and 23rd Streets, and a wooden pedestrian overpass at 20th Street.[http://www.rootsweb.com/~cansk/PostCards/Saskatchewan/Smaller/pages/Saskatoon_BEV_Smaller.htm Saskatchewan Vintage Post Cards] accessed March 26, 2007

From 1920 to 1926 and from 1938 to 1942 Saskatoon used Single transferable vote (STV), a form of proportional representation, to elect its councillors. Councillors were elected in one at-large district. Each voter cast just a single vote, using a ranked transferable ballot.Grofman, Elections in Australia, Ireland and Malta Using STV

After World War I, the Dirty Thirties and Depression years saw migration away from bankrupt farms and towards a hope of employment in the cities. The socio-economic changes brought about by World War II and the industrial revolution saw a shift from rural life to urban living. Saskatoon was not only a centre for the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan during the 1940s, but also became a major regional distribution and service centre. Saskatoon experienced a severe shortage of residential dwellings between 1945 and 1960.

During the 1960s, the CNR rail yards were relocated to Chappell Drive, making room for the Idylwyld Freeway and Midtown Plaza in the first Saskatoon Downtown revitalisation project.

In 1906, the boundaries of Saskatoon were Clarence Avenue to the east, Taylor Street to the south, Avenue P to the west, and 33rd Street East to the north. This area is roughly the same as the core neighborhood suburban development area. These boundaries remained basically the same for approximately 40 years until Saskatoon reached financial stability during World War II.{{cite book

|author=S. Raby

|author2=T. Richards

|title=Atlas of Saskatchewan 1969

|section=Residential Areas in Regina and Saskatoon

|publisher = University of Saskatchewan

|page = 181

}}[http://www.saskatoon100.ca/main.php?p=2037 Saskatoon 100] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223152224/http://www.saskatoon100.ca/main.php?p=2037 |date=2008-12-23 }} accessed March 26, 2007

The following suburban development areas saw neighborhoods developed between 1940 and 1980: Nutana SDA on the east side; on the west side Confederation SDA and Lawson SDA.

In 1955, Montgomery Place and in 1956 the neighboring town of Sutherland were annexed by the quickly growing City of Saskatoon[http://www.scs.sk.ca/saskatoon100/teachers/documents/The%20Sentinel%20-%20January2006.doc The Sentinel January 2006, This Month in History] accessed February 2, 2007 This growth continued until the mid-1980s.

In 1992, Bret Hart defeated Ric Flair for the WWE Championship in Saskatoon’s Saskatchewan Place.

Technological, educational and cultural amenities have also expanded to meet the increased demand in this growing city.

File:Traffic Bridge 2016.jpg in 2016, once a symbol of the merger of Saskatoon, Nutana and Riversdale. Its replacement was approved in 2011.]]

Saskatoon's first growth spurt gained Saskatoon the nickname Hub City, whereas the latest growth phenomenon has been termed Sask-a-boom. The 10-year capital deficiency discussion paper for 2007–2016 has recently been updated for 2007. The new priority for the civic government are infrastructure needs and proposed new capital projects for the population increases and for the physical geographical growth.

The phenomenal retail sector increase, new neighborhoods and communities place a demand upon the city to provide additional firehalls, transit buses, police headquarters, libraries, water plants, electrical power plants, bridges, interchanges and roadways. Brookside, Rosewood, Stonebridge, The Willows, Willowgrove, University Heights Suburban Centre, Hampton Village, Hudson Bay Industrial, Marquis Industrial, Blairmore Suburban Centre, and another 10 unnamed proposed neighborhoods are being developed or are currently under construction.{{cite book

|last = Bernhardt

|first = Darren

|editor = Saskatoon Star Phoenix

|title = City Scrambling Over Funding Crunch Forecast

|publisher = Saskatoon Star Phoenix newspaper Sat February 24, 2007

|pages = A1 }}

A further annexation of extensive areas to the north, northeast and east of the city took place in July 2010.{{cite web |url=http://www.saskatoon.ca/DEPARTMENTS/Community%20Services/PlanningDevelopment/FutureGrowth/Pages/BoundaryAlterationProposal.aspx |title=Boundary Alteration |access-date=2013-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208123353/http://www.saskatoon.ca/DEPARTMENTS/Community%20Services/PlanningDevelopment/FutureGrowth/Pages/BoundaryAlterationProposal.aspx |archive-date=2014-12-08 }}

On August 24, 2010, the Traffic Bridge, which symbolized the uniting of Saskatoon, Nutana and Riversdale into one city, was closed indefinitely due to structural integrity concerns were raised.{{cite web

|url=http://www.saskatoon.ca/FORUM/Traffic%20Detours/Pages/TrafficBridgetobeClosedImmediatelyUntilFurtherNotice.aspx

|title=Traffic Bridge Closed Immediately Until Further Notice

|publisher=City of Saskatoon

|date=August 24, 2010

|access-date=2010-08-24

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100829051441/http://www.saskatoon.ca/FORUM/Traffic%20Detours/Pages/TrafficBridgetobeClosedImmediatelyUntilFurtherNotice.aspx

|archive-date=August 29, 2010

}} In 2011, the city council decided to replace the iconic bridge, which was completed and opened to the public on October 3, 2018.{{Cite web|url=https://www.saskatoon.ca/business-development/major-projects/current-projects/north-commuter-parkway-traffic-bridge-replacement-project|title=Chief Mistawasis Bridge and Traffic Bridge|date=19 January 2015}}

Saskatoon became a city with the amalgamation with the above three communities, however the current size of Saskatoon has meant that the geographical presence of Saskatoon has encompassed several other early communities.

• North Saskatoon is now known as North Park.[http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/RandMcNally1924/ Saskatchewan, Canada, Rand McNally 1924 Indexed Pocket Map Tourists' and Shippers' Guide] accessed January 19, 2007
• West Saskatoon was a post office from 1900, which changed its name to Saskatoon in 1902. This area is currently referred to as the Central Business District.[http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-119.01-e.php?uidc=ISN&uid=11281&sk=0&query_string=adf%3DTRUE%26adq%255B0%255D%255Bcol%255D%3Dany%26adq%255B0%255D%255Bq%255D%3DTwp.36%252C%2BR.5%252C%2BW3%2B%26adq%255B0%255D%255BboolOp%255D%3DAND%26adq%255B1%255D%255Bcol%255D%3DOfficeName%26adq%255B1%255D%255Bq%255D%3D%26adq%255B1%255D%255BboolOp%255D%3DAND%26adq%255B2%255D%255Bcol%255D%3DElectoralDistrict%26adq%255B2%255D%255Bq%255D%3D%26adq%255B2%255D%255BboolOp%255D%3DAND%26adq%255B3%255D%255Bcol%255D%3DProvince%26adq%255B3%255D%255Bq%255D%3D%26adq%255B3%255D%255BboolOp%255D%3DAND%26adq%255B4%255D%255Bcol%255D%3DPostmaster%26adq%255B4%255D%255Bq%255D%3D%26adq%255B4%255D%255BboolOp%255D%3D&interval=24&rowsFound=8 Post Offices and Postmasters – ArchiviaNet – Library and Archives Canada] accessed January 19, 2007
• Chappell was a CNR station west of Saskatoon, located near the present-day location of Montgomery Place.
• There was also a community known as Brownell near North Saskatoon; it was located near present-day 51st Street and Miners Avenue, in the present-day neighborhood of Hudson Bay Industrial.[http://www.rootsweb.com/~cansk/school/b.html Brownell School District #904 Saskatchewan One room school house project] accessed March 25, 2007
• McNab Park was built 1967 as a Royal Canadian Air Force station and is located in the Airport Business Area. It has been used as a low-income housing development for many years.[http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/index-e.html National Archives Archivia Net Post Offices and Postmasters] accessed March 25, 2007 The community was decommissioned and dismantled in 2011–2012 and is being redeveloped as a business park.
• The "Magic City" of Factoria is now the neighborhood of Silverwood Heights. Billy Silverwood, a horse breeder and spring water bottler, owned land {{convert|2|mi|km|0}} north of the 1912 Saskatoon city limits. The enterprises of horse breeding and bottling water, where an uncontaminated water supply was needed, were not a good combination. R.E. Glass, a Chicago entrepreneur, had a vision of an industrial community and purchased the Silverwood Bottling Company. He foresaw extending the rail line to service factories, breweries, flour mills, and expanded bottling works. The rail line came in 1913, and the beginnings of businesses lined the track, however World War I and the coming of electricity in 1918 made the venture unsuccessful.[http://www.saskatoon100.ca/docs/SaskatoonHistoryto1914.pdf A History of Saskatoon To 1914] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061003192952/http://www.saskatoon100.ca/docs/SaskatoonHistoryto1914.pdf |date=2006-10-03 }} accessed January 19, 2007
• Caswell Hill was a hill located in the homestead of Robert Caswell; it was developed as Saskatoon's first suburb and is prominent in early photographs of the west side of Saskatoon.
• Crescent Heights was a proposed subdivision from 1912. It would have been located five miles (8 km) from the Saskatoon city limits, at the location of Battleford Trail Road, which remains outside the city limits to this day.{{Cite web |url=http://www.city.saskatoon.sk.ca/org/clerks_office/archives/history_quiz.asp |title=City of Saskatoon The Saskatoon History Quiz |access-date=2007-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310174813/http://www.city.saskatoon.sk.ca/org/clerks_office/archives/history_quiz.asp |archive-date=2007-03-10 }}
• West of Saskatoon were a number of CNR and CPR stations closely spaced together along their parallel tracks. The closest was Yorath, on the CNR line just west of the river, near Yorath Island and approximately where the landfill is located today. Garfield was the closest CPR station, approximately where the present-day neighbourhoods of Fairhaven, Saskatoon and Parkridge, Saskatoon are located. About three miles (5 km) farther out were Cory (CPR), Farley (CNR), and Eaton (CNR branch line toward Vanscoy), in approximately a north-south line; Eaton was renamed Hawker, as the post office was confused with Eatonia, and is now the location of the Saskatchewan Railway Museum. Eaton was also used briefly as a Ukrainian Canadian internment during World War I.[http://www.saskrailmuseum.org/ Welcome to Saskrailmuseum.org] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015051856/http://www.saskrailmuseum.org/ |date=2008-10-15 }} accessed March 25, 2007[http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/wag1941/index.html 1941 Waghorn's Guide] accessed March 25, 2007[http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/1925Waghorn/AB-ON/ Canadian Maps: January 1925 Waghorn's Guide. Post Offices in Man. Sask. Alta. and West Ontario.] accessed January 19, 2007[http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/Stovel/6-15-L-S.html Stovel's Pocket Maps Showing Provincial Electoral Districts Saskatchewan] accessed January 19, 2007
• Smithville Cemetery is just west of Saskatoon on Highway 14 just west of the city, although it is now within the city limits.
• East of Saskatoon, Newcross (north of Grasswood, earlier called South Saskatoon) and Duro were CNR stations between Saskatoon and Clavet, while Engen and Floral were east of Saskatoon on the CPR line.[http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/cnr/SaskatchewanCNR.html 1905 CNR map] accessed March 25, 2007[http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/1948Waghorn/ 1948 Waghorn's Guide] accessed March 25, 2007[http://www.rootsweb.com/~canmaps/1922-atlas/index.htm 1922 New World Atlas and Gazetteer] accessed March 25, 2007
• In 1904, the Grand Trunk Railway GTR built a station named Earl 3 three miles (5 km) south of the boundaries of Saskatoon at that time. This is presently the CN Industrial area.

File:LandAnnexationByDecade.jpg

Currently Saskatoon is considered to be located encompassing townships 36 and 37, range 5 and township 36, range 6, west of the Third Meridian. (See also Dominion Land Survey – Each township is a {{convert|6|mi|km|0|adj=on}} square.)[http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/quick_facts/index.asp City of Saskatoon · Quick Facts] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115091500/http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/quick_facts/index.asp |date=2009-01-15 }} accessed January 19, 2007

File:SaskatoonPopulation.jpg, leading to a shortage of residential dwellings from 1945 to 1960.]]

{{reflist}}

{{Commons category|History of Saskatoon}}

• [http://www.rootsweb.com/~sksaskat/Saskatoon/SaskatoonDominionLandGrants.htm Saskatoon Gen Web Project – Saskatoon Dominion Land Grants Original Homesteaders Townships 36, 37. Ranges 5,6. West of the Third Meridian]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20071201065317/http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/city_planning/resources/populace_newsletter/Populace_Spring_2006.pdf Populace Spring 2006]
• [http://www.city.saskatoon.sk.ca/org/city_planning/ City of Saskatoon – City Planning]
• [http://www.city.saskatoon.sk.ca/org/city_planning/zam_maps/index.asp City of Saskatoon: Departments · Community Services · City Planning · ZAM Maps]
• [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B4cPaTtSUt-GNWdoNmJha0IyZzg/edit?usp=sharing saskMAPS.ca Saskatoon interactive growth map]
• [http://www.sfn.saskatoon.sk.ca/arts/heritage/index.html The Saskatoon Heritage Society old site]
• [http://www.saskatoonheritage.ca/ The Saskatoon Heritage Society new website]
• [http://www.city.saskatoon.sk.ca/org/leisure/facilities/heritage/index.htm Saskatoon Heritage Guide]* [http://www.saskatoon.ca/org/development/services/heritage_properties/index.asp City of Saskatoon – Departments – Community Services · Development MUNICIPALLY DESIGNATED HERITAGE PROPERTIES]
• [http://www.rootsweb.com/~sksaskat/NarrativesOfSaskatoon/index.html Saskatoon Gen Web Project – Narratives of Saskatoon 1882–1912]
• Pick, Harry (1928), [https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/73709 Next Year] A semi-historical account of the exploits and exploitations of the far-famed Barr Colonists, who, led by an unscrupulous Church of England parson, adventured deep into the wilderness of Canada's great North-West in the early days of the twentieth century. Toronto: the Ryerson Press

{{History of Canada navbox}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:History Of Saskatoon}}