History of Twitter

Twitter's origins lie in a "daylong brainstorming session" held by board members of the podcasting company Odeo. Jack Dorsey, then an undergraduate student, introduced the idea of an individual using an SMS service to communicate with a small group.{{registration required|date=February 2011}} {{cite news|author=Miller, Claire Cain|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/31/technology/31ev.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101101065448/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/31/technology/31ev.html |archive-date=November 1, 2010 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Why Twitter's C.E.O. Demoted Himself|date=October 30, 2010|work=The New York Times|access-date=October 31, 2010}}{{cite web|title=Co-founder of Twitter receives key to St. Louis with 140 character proclamation|url=http://www.ksdk.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=185395&catid=3|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121228183342/http://www.ksdk.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=185395&catid=3|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 28, 2012|date=September 19, 2009|website=KSDK|access-date=September 29, 2009|quote=After high school in St. Louis and some time at the University of Missouri–Rolla, Jack headed east to New York University.}} The original project code name for the service was twttr, an idea that Evan Williams later ascribed to Noah Glass,{{cite tweet|number=58275072011542529|user=ev|author=Ev|title=It's true that @Noah never got enough credit for his early role at Twitter. Also, he came up with the name, which was brilliant. |access-date=April 26, 2011|date=April 13, 2011}} inspired by Flickr and the five-character length of American SMS short codes. The decision was also partly due to the fact that the domain twitter.com was already in use, and it was six months after the launch of twttr that the crew purchased the domain and changed the name of the service to Twitter.{{cite news|title=Buy a vowel? How Twttr became Twitter|url=https://money.cnn.com/galleries/2010/technology/1011/gallery.Startup_Domain_Names/|website=CNN Money|access-date=June 9, 2015|date=November 23, 2010|archive-date=April 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427150243/https://money.cnn.com/galleries/2010/technology/1011/gallery.Startup_Domain_Names/|url-status=live}} The developers initially considered "10958" as the service's short code for SMS text messaging, but later changed it to "40404" for "ease of use and memorability".{{cite web |url=http://www.140characters.com/2009/01/30/how-twitter-was-born/ |title=How Twitter Was Born |work=140 Characters: A Style Guide for the Short Form |date=January 30, 2009 |first=Dom |last=Sagolla |access-date=February 4, 2011 |archive-date=May 8, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508105855/http://www.140characters.com/2009/01/30/how-twitter-was-born/ |url-status=live }}

File:Twttr sketch-Dorsey-2006.jpg-based social network]]

Work on the project which would become Twitter started in February 2006. In March 2006 Dorsey published the first Twitter post: "just setting up my Twitter."{{cite tweet|number=20|user=jack|author=jack|title=just setting up my twttr |access-date=February 4, 2011 |date=March 21, 2006 }}{{cite web |title=Twitter is now owned by Elon Musk — here's a brief history from the app's founding in 2006 to the present |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/29/a-brief-history-of-twitter-from-its-founding-in-2006-to-musk-takeover.html |website=cnbc.com |publisher=CNBC |access-date=26 November 2023}}

Dorsey has explained the origin of the "Twitter" title:{{Cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2009/02/twitter-creator.html|title=Twitter Creator Jack Dorsey Illuminates the Site's Founding Document|work=Los Angeles Times|date=February 18, 2009|first=David|last=Sano|access-date=June 18, 2009|archive-date=May 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502183919/https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2009/02/twitter-creator.html|url-status=live}}

...we came across the word "twitter", and it was just perfect. The definition was "a short burst of inconsequential information", and "chirps from birds". And that's exactly what the product was.

The first Twitter prototype, developed by Dorsey and contractor Florian Weber, was used as an internal service for Odeo employees.{{cite web |first=Nicholas |last=Carlson |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/how-twitter-was-founded-2011-4?op=1 |title=How Twitter Was Founded |website=Business Insider |date=April 13, 2011 |access-date=September 4, 2013 |archive-date=July 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714111059/http://www.businessinsider.com/how-twitter-was-founded-2011-4?op=1 |url-status=live }} The full version was introduced publicly on July 15, 2006.{{cite web |first=Michael |last=Arrington |url=https://techcrunch.com/2006/07/15/is-twttr-interesting/ |title=Odeo Releases Twttr |work=TechCrunch |publisher=AOL |date=July 15, 2006 |access-date=September 18, 2010 |author-link=Michael Arrington |archive-date=May 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501035557/https://techcrunch.com/2006/07/15/is-twttr-interesting/ |url-status=live }} In October 2006, Biz Stone, Evan Williams, Dorsey, and other members of Odeo formed Obvious Corporation and acquired Odeo, together with its assets—including Odeo.com and Twitter.com—from the investors and shareholders.{{Cite news | url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna42577600 | title=The real history of Twitter isn't so short and sweet | first=Nicholas | last=Carlson | work=NBC News | date=April 14, 2011}} Williams fired Glass, who was silent about his part in Twitter's startup until 2011.{{cite news|author=Madrigal, Alexis|title=Twitter's Fifth Beatle Tells His Side of the Story|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2011/04/twitters-fifth-beatle-tells-his-side-of-the-story/237326/|date=April 14, 2011|work=The Atlantic|access-date=April 26, 2011|archive-date=May 23, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190523231319/https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2011/04/twitters-fifth-beatle-tells-his-side-of-the-story/237326/|url-status=live}} Twitter spun off into its own company in April 2007.{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailyanchor.com/2009/02/12/a-conversation-with-twitter-co-founder-jack-dorsey/ |title=A Conversation with Twitter Co-Founder Jack Dorsey |access-date=February 12, 2009 |last=Lennon |first=Andrew |work=The Daily Anchor |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090727073104/http://www.thedailyanchor.com/2009/02/12/a-conversation-with-twitter-co-founder-jack-dorsey/ |archive-date=July 27, 2009 }}

Williams provided insight into the ambiguity that defined this early period in a 2013 interview:{{cite web|title=Ev Williams on Twitter's Early Years|url=http://www.inc.com/issie-lapowsky/ev-williams-twitter-early-years.html?cid=em01011week40day04b|work=Inc.|access-date=October 5, 2013|first=Issie|last=Lapowsky|date=October 4, 2013|archive-date=April 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410151700/https://www.inc.com/issie-lapowsky/ev-williams-twitter-early-years.html?cid=em01011week40day04b|url-status=live}}

With Twitter, it wasn't clear what it was. They called it a social network, they called it microblogging, but it was hard to define, because it didn't replace anything. There was this path of discovery with something like that, where over time you figure out what it is. Twitter actually changed from what we thought it was in the beginning, which we described as status updates and a social utility. It is that, in part, but the insight we eventually came to was Twitter was really more of an information network than it is a social network.

In 2006 Iconfactory was developing a twitter application called "Twitterrific" and developer Craig Hockenberry began a search for a shorter way to refer to "Post a Twitter Update." In 2007 they began using "twit" before Twitter developer Blaine Cook suggested that "tweet" be used instead.{{cite web |last1=Dickey |first1=Megan Rose |title=The Untold Story Of The Origin Of The Word 'Tweet' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-origin-of-the-word-tweet-2013-7 |website=businessinsider.com |publisher=Business Insider |access-date=27 November 2023}}

The use of the hashtag appeared in 2007, introduced by Chris Messina. Messina struggled to get Twitter executives to adopt his idea but was eventually successful in convincing Twitter to trial the idea. Messina drew inspiration from Internet Relay Chat and Jaiku however the way it was implemented on Twitter was unique. Initial reactions to the hashtag were mixed.{{cite web |last1=Cooper |first1=Belle Beth |title=The Surprising History of Twitter’s Hashtag Origin and 4 Ways to Get the Most out of Them |url=https://buffer.com/resources/a-concise-history-of-twitter-hashtags-and-how-you-should-use-them-properly/ |website=buffer.com |publisher=Buffer |access-date=26 November 2023}}

The tipping point for Twitter's popularity was the 2007 South by Southwest Interactive (SXSWi) conference. During the event, Twitter usage increased from 20,000 tweets per day to 60,000.{{cite web |first=Courtney Boyd |last=Meyers |title=5 years ago today Twitter launched to the public |url=https://thenextweb.com/twitter/2011/07/15/5-years-ago-today-twitter-launched-to-the-public/ |website=The Next Web |date=July 15, 2011 |access-date=May 5, 2017 |archive-date=April 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427150843/https://thenextweb.com/twitter/2011/07/15/5-years-ago-today-twitter-launched-to-the-public/ |url-status=live }} "The Twitter people cleverly placed two 60-inch plasma screens in the conference hallways, exclusively streaming Twitter messages," remarked Newsweek{{'}}s Steven Levy. "Hundreds of conference-goers kept tabs on each other via constant twitters. Panelists and speakers mentioned the service, and the bloggers in attendance touted it."{{Cite news |author=Levy, Steven |title=Twitter: Is Brevity The Next Big Thing? |date=April 30, 2007 |url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/35289 |work=Newsweek |access-date=February 4, 2011 |author-link=Steven Levy |archive-date=April 12, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412120320/http://www.newsweek.com/id/35289 |url-status=live }} Reaction at the conference was highly positive.{{cite web |url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-17939_109-9696264-2.html |title=To Twitter or Dodgeball at SXSW? |access-date=February 4, 2011 |first=Daniel |last=Terdiman |author-link=Daniel Terdiman |date=March 10, 2007 |work=CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive |archive-date=December 3, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203224143/http://news.cnet.com/8301-17939_109-9696264-2.html |url-status=dead }} Twitter staff received the festival's Web Award prize with the remark "we'd like to thank you in 140 characters or less. And we just did!"{{cite web |access-date=May 7, 2008 |url=http://blog.twitter.com/2007/03/we-won.html |title=We Won! |work=Twitter Blog |publisher=Twitter |date=February 4, 2011 |first=Biz |last=Stone |author-link=Biz Stone |archive-date=February 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080224170623/http://blog.twitter.com/2007/03/we-won.html |url-status=live }}{{Better source needed|date=November 2023}}

Elon Musk joined Twitter as a user in 2009. The company experienced rapid initial growth. In 2009, Twitter won the "Breakout of the Year" Webby Award.{{cite web |title=13th Annual Webby Special Achievement Award Winners |url=http://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/specialachievement13.php/#twitter |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220215629/http://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/specialachievement13.php/ |archive-date=February 20, 2011 |access-date=February 22, 2011 |publisher=The Webby Awards}}{{cite news |last=Paul |first=Ian |date=May 5, 2009 |title=Jimmy Fallon Wins Top Webby: And the Winners Are... |work=PC World |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/164374/jimmy_fallon_wins_top_webby_and_the_winners_are.html |access-date=February 22, 2011 |archive-date=February 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225144911/https://www.pcworld.com/article/164374/Jimmy_Fallon_Wins_Top_Webby_And_the_Winners_Are.html |url-status=live }} On November 29, 2009, Twitter was named the Word of the Year by the Global Language Monitor, declaring it "a new form of social interaction".{{cite web |date=November 29, 2009 |title=Top Word of 2009: Twitter |url=http://www.languagemonitor.com/top-words/top-word-of-2009-twitter/ |access-date=July 28, 2014 |publisher=Languagemonitor.com |archive-date=May 14, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514004554/http://www.languagemonitor.com/top-words/top-word-of-2009-twitter/ |url-status=live }} In February 2010, Twitter users were sending {{Nowrap|50 million}} tweets per day.{{Cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/twitter/7297541/Twitter-users-send-50-million-tweets-per-day.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/twitter/7297541/Twitter-users-send-50-million-tweets-per-day.html |archive-date=January 10, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live | work=The Daily Telegraph | title=Twitter Users Send 50 Million Tweets Per Day – Almost 600 Tweets Are Sent Every Second Through the Microblogging Site, According to Its Own Metrics | first=Claudine | last=Beaumont | date=February 23, 2010|access-date=February 7, 2011 | location=London}}{{cbignore}} By March 2010, the company recorded over 70,000 registered applications.{{Cite news|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/digital/2010/03/twitter-registered-created|work=New Statesman|title=Twitter Registers 1,500 Per Cent Growth in Users|date=March 4, 2010|access-date=February 7, 2011|archive-date=May 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503011352/https://www.newstatesman.com/digital/2010/03/twitter-registered-created|url-status=dead}} {{As of|2010|June}}, about {{Nowrap|65 million}} tweets were posted each day, equaling about 750 tweets sent each second, according to Twitter.{{cite web|author=Garrett, Sean|title=Big Goals, Big Game, Big Records|url=http://blog.twitter.com/2010/06/big-goals-big-game-big-records.html|publisher=Twitter Blog (blog of Twitter)|access-date=February 7, 2011|date=June 18, 2010|archive-date=February 13, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110213095055/http://blog.twitter.com/2010/06/big-goals-big-game-big-records.html|url-status=live}} {{As of|2011|March}}, that was about {{Nowrap|140 million}} tweets posted daily.{{cite web |url=http://blog.twitter.com/2011/03/numbers.html |title=Twitter Blog: #numbers |publisher=Blog.twitter.com |date=March 14, 2011 |access-date=January 20, 2012 |archive-date=March 25, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325050048/http://blog.twitter.com/2011/03/numbers.html |url-status=live }} As noted on Compete.com, Twitter moved up to the third-highest-ranking social networking site in January 2009 from its previous rank of twenty-second.{{cite news|author=Kazeniac, Andy|title=Social Networks: Facebook Takes Over Top Spot, Twitter Climbs|url=http://blog.compete.com/2009/02/09/facebook-myspace-twitter-social-network/|date=February 9, 2009|publisher=Compete.com|access-date=February 17, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721111825/http://blog.compete.com/2009/02/09/facebook-myspace-twitter-social-network/|archive-date=July 21, 2011|url-status=dead}}

File:Jack Dorsey - TechCrunch Real-Time Stream Crunchup - 2009.jpg, co-founder and former CEO of Twitter, in 2009]]

Twitter's usage spikes during prominent events. For example, a record was set during the 2010 FIFA World Cup when fans wrote 2,940 tweets per second in the thirty-second period after Japan scored against Cameroon on June 14, 2010. The record was broken again when 3,085 tweets per second were posted after the Los Angeles Lakers' victory in the 2010 NBA Finals on June 17, 2010,{{Cite news|last=Miller|first=Claire Cain|title=Sports Fans Break Records on Twitter|url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/18/sports-fans-break-records-on-twitter/|publisher=Bits (blog of The New York Times)|access-date=February 7, 2011|date=June 18, 2010|archive-date=January 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110112142639/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/18/sports-fans-break-records-on-twitter/|url-status=live}} and then again at the close of Japan's victory over Denmark in the World Cup when users published 3,283 tweets per second.{{Cite news|author=Van Grove, Jennifer|url=http://mashable.com/2010/06/25/tps-record/|title=Twitter Sets New Record: 3,283 Tweets Per Second|work=Mashable|access-date=February 7, 2011|date=June 25, 2010|archive-date=September 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920234753/https://mashable.com/2010/06/25/tps-record/|url-status=live}} The record was set again during the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup Final between Japan and the United States, when 7,196 tweets per second were published.{{cite news |url=https://www.espn.com/sports/soccer/news/_/id/6779582/women-world-cup-final-breaks-twitter-record |title=Women's World Cup Final breaks Twitter record |publisher=ESPN |date=July 18, 2011 |access-date=July 31, 2011 |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303200457/http://espn.go.com/sports/soccer/news/_/id/6779582/women-world-cup-final-breaks-twitter-record |url-status=live }} When American singer Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009, Twitter servers crashed after users were updating their status to include the words "Michael Jackson" at a rate of 100,000 tweets per hour.{{cite news |last=Shiels |first=Maggie |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8120324.stm |title=Web Slows After Jackson's Death |work=BBC News |date=June 26, 2009 |access-date=February 7, 2011 |archive-date=October 26, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026163258/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8120324.stm |url-status=live }} The current record {{As of|2013|August|3|df=US|lc=y}}, was set in Japan, with 143,199 tweets per second during a television screening of the movie Castle in the Sky{{cite web|url=https://blog.twitter.com/engineering/en_us/a/2013/new-tweets-per-second-record-and-how|title=New Tweets per second record, and how!|first=Raffi|last=Krikorian|date=August 16, 2013|access-date=November 22, 2021|work=Twitter Blogs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130822102815/https://blog.twitter.com/2013/new-tweets-per-second-record-and-how|archive-date=August 22, 2013|url-status=live}} (beating the previous record of 33,388, also set by Japan for the television screening of the same movie).{{cite news |last=Kanalley |first=Craig |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/2013/01/02/tweets-per-second-record_n_2396915.html |title=Tweets-Per-Second Record Set By Japan, Korea On New Year's Day 2013 |work=The Huffington Post |date=January 2, 2013 |access-date=January 3, 2013 |archive-date=October 19, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019095331/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/01/02/tweets-per-second-record_n_2396915.html |url-status=live }}

In June 2009, St. Louis Cardinals manager Tony La Russa sued Twitter for trade infringement and cybersquatting after an unknown user impersonated him and made vulgar posts.{{Cite news |last=Phillip Matier and Andrew Ross |date=2009-05-10 |title=Air board pays $75K for columnist's speech |url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Air-board-pays-75K-for-columnist-s-speech-3242670.php |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20230530013134/https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Air-board-pays-75K-for-columnist-s-speech-3242670.php |archive-date=2023-05-30 |access-date=2025-02-11 |work=SFGATE |language=en-US}} The lawsuit was settled, and Twitter introduced "Verified Accounts" later that year.{{cite web |last1=Jeong |first1=Sarah |title=The History of Twitter's Rules |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/z43xw3/the-history-of-twitters-rules |website=vice.com |publisher=Vice |access-date=28 November 2023}} Also in 2009, Ashton Kutcher's Twitter account became the first one with a million followers.{{cite web |last1=Griggs |first1=Brandon |last2=Kelly |first2=Heather |title=23 key moments from Twitter history |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/09/13/tech/social-media/twitter-key-moments/index.html |website=cnn.com |publisher=CNN |access-date=28 November 2023}}

Twitter played a major role in the 2009 Iranian presidential election protests.

The first unassisted off-Earth Twitter message was posted from the International Space Station by NASA astronaut T. J. Creamer on January 22, 2010.Press release (January 22, 2010). [http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/jan/HQ_M10-011_Hawaii221169.html "Media Advisory M10-012 – NASA Extends the World Wide Web Out into Space"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101213014423/http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/jan/HQ_M10-011_Hawaii221169.html |date=December 13, 2010 }}. NASA. Retrieved February 5, 2011. By late November 2010, an average of a dozen updates per day were posted on the astronauts' communal account, @NASA_Astronauts. NASA has also hosted over 25 "tweetups", events that provide guests with VIP access to NASA facilities and speakers with the goal of leveraging participants' social networks to further the outreach goals of NASA.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}

Twitter acquired application developer Atebits on April 11, 2010. Atebits had developed the Apple Design Award-winning Twitter client Tweetie for the Mac and iPhone. The application became the official Twitter client for the iPhone, iPad and Mac.{{Cite news|author=Miller, Claire Cain|url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/04/09/twitter-acquires-atebits-maker-of-tweetie/|title=Twitter Acquires Atebits, Maker of Tweetie|date=April 11, 2010|access-date=February 7, 2011|publisher=Bits (blog of The New York Times)|archive-date=December 18, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218140944/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/04/09/twitter-acquires-atebits-maker-of-tweetie/|url-status=live}}

In 2010 the Library of Congress archived all Tweets back to 2006 and began archiving all new tweets. Only the text of tweets were archived, they do not include videos, images, or linked content. They switched to archiving tweets on a selected basis similar to their treatment of other media in 2018.{{cite web |last1=Stokel-Walker |first1=Chris |title=Twitter’s potential collapse could wipe out vast records of recent human history |url=https://www.technologyreview.com/2022/11/11/1063162/twitters-imminent-collapse-could-wipe-out-vast-records-of-recent-human-history/ |website=technologyreview.com |publisher=MIT Technology Review |access-date=28 November 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Wamsley |first1=Laurel |title=Library Of Congress Will No Longer Archive Every Tweet |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/12/26/573609499/library-of-congress-will-no-longer-archive-every-tweet |website=npr.org |publisher=NPR |access-date=29 April 2024}}

File:Logo of Twitter.svg

From September through October 2010, the company began rolling out "New Twitter", an entirely revamped edition of twitter.com. Changes included the ability to see pictures and videos without leaving Twitter itself by clicking on individual tweets which contain links to images and clips from a variety of supported websites, including YouTube and Flickr, and a complete overhaul of the interface, which shifted links such as '@mentions' and 'Retweets' above the Twitter stream, while 'Messages' and 'Log Out' became accessible via a black bar at the very top of twitter.com. {{As of|2010|November|1|df=US}}, the company confirmed that the "New Twitter experience" had been rolled out to all users. In 2019, Twitter was announced to be the 10th most downloaded mobile app of the decade, from 2010 to 2019.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/10-most-downloaded-apps-of-the-decade-facebook-dominated-2010-2019/|title=Facebook was the most-downloaded app of the decade|last=Rayome|first=Alison DeNisco|website=CNET|access-date=December 18, 2019|archive-date=December 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218120846/https://www.cnet.com/news/10-most-downloaded-apps-of-the-decade-facebook-dominated-2010-2019/|url-status=live}}

Twitter played an important role in the Arab Spring across the Middle East and North Africa.

On April 5, 2011, Twitter tested a new homepage and phased out the "Old Twitter".{{cite news |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/05/new-twitter-homepage_n_845110.html |title=Twitter Users Report Twitter.com Has A New Homepage (SCREENSHOTS) |work=The Huffington Post |date=May 4, 2011 |access-date=May 22, 2011 |first=Dean |last=Praetorius |archive-date=October 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027152858/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/05/new-twitter-homepage_n_845110.html |url-status=live }} However, a glitch came about after the page was launched, so the previous "retro" homepage was still in use until the issues were resolved; the new homepage was reintroduced on April 20.{{cite magazine |last=Dunn |first=John E |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/224410/twitter_delays_homepage_revamp_after_service_glitch.html |title=Twitter Delays Homepage Revamp After Service Glitch |magazine=PCWorld |date=April 6, 2011 |access-date=May 22, 2011 |archive-date=May 10, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510080610/http://www.pcworld.com/article/224410/twitter_delays_homepage_revamp_after_service_glitch.html |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|url=http://www.webpronews.com/new-twitter-homepage-2011-04|title=New Twitter Homepage Launched|first=Chris|last=Crum|date=April 20, 2011|access-date=April 25, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110424083859/http://www.webpronews.com/new-twitter-homepage-2011-04|archive-date=April 24, 2011}} On December 8, 2011, Twitter overhauled its website once more to feature the "Fly" design, which the service says is easier for new users to follow and promotes advertising. In addition to the Home tab, the Connect and Discover tabs were introduced along with a redesigned profile and timeline of Tweets. The site's layout has been compared to that of Facebook.{{cite web |url=http://fly.twitter.com/ |title=Twitter: Yours to discover |publisher=Fly.twitter.com |access-date=January 20, 2012 |archive-date=January 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118201742/http://fly.twitter.com/ |url-status=dead }}{{cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/tech/twitter-2-0-everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-new-changes |title=Twitter 2.0: Everything You Need to Know About the New Changes |work=Fox News |date=April 7, 2010 |access-date=January 20, 2012 |archive-date=April 15, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415044213/http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2011/12/09/what-need-to-know-about-new-twitter/?test=faces |url-status=live }} On February 21, 2012, it was announced that Twitter and Yandex agreed to a partnership. Yandex, a Russian search engine, finds value within the partnership due to Twitter's real-time news feeds. Twitter's director of business development explained that it is important to have Twitter content where Twitter users go.{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/twitter-yandex-idUSL5E8DK89H20120221|title=Twitter partners with Yandex for real-time search|work=Reuters|date=February 21, 2012|access-date=July 2, 2017|archive-date=September 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924162436/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/21/twitter-yandex-idUSL5E8DK89H20120221|url-status=live}} On March 21, 2012, Twitter celebrated its sixth birthday by announcing that it had 140 million users, a 40% rise from September 2011, who were sending 340 million tweets per day.{{cite web|url=http://mashable.com/2012/03/21/twitter-has-140-million-users/|title=Twitter Says It Has 140 Million Users|date=March 21, 2012|work=Mashable|access-date=March 21, 2012|archive-date=May 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502191640/https://mashable.com/2012/03/21/twitter-has-140-million-users/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://mashable.com/2012/12/18/twitter-200-million-active-users/|title=Twitter Now Has More Than 200 Million Monthly Active Users|date=December 18, 2012|work=Mashable|access-date=December 18, 2012|archive-date=July 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714164943/https://mashable.com/2012/12/18/twitter-200-million-active-users/|url-status=live}} In April 2012, Twitter announced that it was opening an office in Detroit, with the aim of working with automotive brands and advertising agencies.{{Cite news |date=April 4, 2012 |title=Twitter heads to Motown to be closer to automakers |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/twitter-detroit-idUSL2E8F47G020120404 |url-status=live |access-date=April 5, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924163253/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/04/04/twitter-detroit-idUSL2E8F47G020120404 |archive-date=September 24, 2015}} Twitter also expanded its office in Dublin.{{Cite news |date=April 4, 2012 |title=Twitter to create 12 jobs as it scales up Irish operations |work=Irish Independent |url=http://www.independent.ie/business/technology/twitter-to-create-12-jobs-as-it-scales-up-irish-operations-3070098.html |access-date=April 5, 2012 |archive-date=January 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120154622/http://www.independent.ie/business/technology/twitter-to-create-12-jobs-as-it-scales-up-irish-operations-3070098.html |url-status=live }}

In March 2011 a cobra escaped from the Bronx Zoo, soon after a parody Twitter account for the cobra appeared using the handle "@BronxZoosCobra" which soon amassed a large number of followers.{{cite web |last1=Sutter |first1=John D. |title=Missing cobra sinks fangs into Twitter |url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/TECH/web/03/29/bronx.cobra.twitter/index.html |website=cnn.com |publisher=CNN |access-date=28 November 2023}}{{cite web |title=Escaped Bronx Zoo Cobra Joins Twitter |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/escaped-bronx-zoo-cobra-joins-twitter/story?id=13246485 |website=abcnews.go.com |publisher=ABC News |access-date=28 November 2023}} The snake was on the loose for a week before being recaptured during which time the account tweeted regularly.{{cite web |last1=Hayden |first1=Erik |title=A Definitive Guide to the Bronx Zoo Cobra Meme |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2011/03/definitive-history-bronx-zoo-cobra-meme/349232/ |website=theatlantic.com |publisher=The Atlantic |access-date=28 November 2023}} This parody account led to increased interest in parody accounts on twitter in general.

On June 5, 2012, a modified logo was unveiled through the company blog, removing the text to showcase the slightly redesigned bird as the sole symbol of Twitter.{{cite web |first=Salvador |last=Rodriguez |title=Twitter flips the bird, adopts new logo |url=https://latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-twitter-new-bird-20120606%2C0%2C2138652.story |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712062434/http://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-twitter-new-bird-20120606%2C0%2C2138652.story |website=Los Angeles Times |date=June 6, 2012 |archive-date=July 12, 2012 |url-status=dead |access-date=May 5, 2017}}{{cite magazine |first=Scott |last=Gilbertson |title=Twitter's New Logo Inspires Parodies, CSS Greatness |url=https://www.wired.com/2012/06/twitters-new-logo-inspires-parodies-css-greatness/ |magazine=Wired |date=June 8, 2012 |access-date=May 5, 2017 |archive-date=November 6, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106203523/https://www.wired.com/2012/06/twitters-new-logo-inspires-parodies-css-greatness/ |url-status=live }} On December 18, 2012, Twitter announced monthly active users had increased 42% in the proceeding nine months and now surpassed 200 million.{{cite web |last1=Etherington |first1=Darrell |title=Twitter Passes 200M Monthly Active Users, A 42% Increase Over 9 Months |url=https://techcrunch.com/2012/12/18/twitter-passes-200m-monthly-active-users-a-42-increase-over-9-months/?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAGfcgfqcryc5_j6gHTUVO3RAsn8ZR8oOpUVPK445OzbHDy5NW0zp80kjBlAFsu3e9h1KmKq4uCz4rchyBX1_5lp41r1OsEF5kELww5vJru2Uka3-IgoGVRmF_Im6MHdj1yxxXwzBDPLUGBjQ-yzntt-hZ4579gWeIqs8f8aNn4bY |website=techcrunch.com |publisher=Tech Crunch |access-date=28 November 2023}}

In December 2012 Pope Benedict XVI joined Twitter with the account name "@pontifex."{{cite web |last1=Kington |first1=Tom |title=Pope makes Twitter debut in eight languages |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/dec/12/pope-makes-twitter-debut-languages |website=theguardian.com |publisher=The Guardian |access-date=28 November 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Smith-Spark |first1=Laura |title=Pope Benedict sends first personal tweet |url=https://www.cnn.com/2012/12/12/world/europe/vatican-pope-twitter/index.html |website=cnn.com |publisher=CNN |access-date=28 November 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Hudson |first1=Laura |title=The Pope Sends Out His Very First Tweet |url=https://www.wired.com/2012/12/pope-twitter/ |website=wired.com |publisher=Wired |access-date=28 November 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Souppouris |first1=Aaron |title=Pope Benedict XVI joins Twitter as @pontifex, first tweet coming December 12th |url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/12/3/3721324/pope-benedict-xvi-twitter-account-pontifex-announcement-december-12th |website=theverge.com |publisher=The Verge |access-date=28 November 2023}} The account answers questions which are posed to it using the hashtag "askpontifex."{{cite web |last1=Faris |first1=Stephan |title=The Pope Tweets with You: Benedict XVI Joins the Twitterverse |url=https://world.time.com/2012/12/11/the-pope-tweets-with-you-benedict-xvi-joins-the-twitterverse/ |website=Time |access-date=28 November 2023}}

In 2012 "tweet" was added to the Oxford English Dictionary.{{cite web |last1=Chang |first1=Jonathan |title='Tweet' Now an Official Word: Oxford English Dictionary |url=https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/technology/2013/06/tweet-now-an-official-word-oxford-english-dictionary |website=abcnews.go.com |publisher=ABC News |access-date=27 November 2023}} Vine (service), a short video service, was launched in 2013.

On January 28, 2013, Twitter acquired Crashlytics in order to build out its mobile developer products.{{Cite news|url=https://xconomy.com/boston/2013/02/05/twitters-boston-acquisitions-crashlytics-tops-100m-bluefin-labs-close-behind/|title=Twitter's Boston Acquisitions: Crashlytics Tops $100M, Bluefin Labs Close Behind|date=February 5, 2013|newspaper=Xconomy|access-date=November 22, 2021|last=T. Huang|first=Gregory|archive-date=April 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427150432/https://xconomy.com/boston/2013/02/05/twitters-boston-acquisitions-crashlytics-tops-100m-bluefin-labs-close-behind/|url-status=live}} On April 18, 2013, Twitter launched a music app called Twitter Music for the iPhone.{{cite web|last=Ulanoff|first=Lance|title=Twitter Launches Twitter #music App and Service|url=http://mashable.com/2013/04/18/twitter-music-launch-2/|publisher=Mashable|access-date=April 28, 2013|work=Mashable|date=April 18, 2013|archive-date=September 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180921034452/https://mashable.com/2013/04/18/twitter-music-launch-2/|url-status=live}} On August 28, 2013, Twitter acquired Trendrr,{{cite news | url=https://thenextweb.com/twitter/2013/08/28/twitter-acquires-real-time-social-data-company-trendrr-to-help-it-better-tap-into-tv-and-media/ | title=Twitter acquires real-time social data company Trendrr to help it better tap into TV and media | work=The Next web | date=August 28, 2013 | access-date=August 29, 2013 | archive-date=April 27, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427151309/https://thenextweb.com/twitter/2013/08/28/twitter-acquires-real-time-social-data-company-trendrr-to-help-it-better-tap-into-tv-and-media/ | url-status=live }} followed by the acquisition of MoPub on September 9, 2013.{{cite news | url=https://money.cnn.com/2013/09/10/technology/social/twitter-acquisition/index.html | title=Twitter makes another acquisition | work=CNN Money | access-date=September 10, 2013 | first=Chris | last=Isidore | date=September 10, 2013 | archive-date=April 24, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424102731/https://money.cnn.com/2013/09/10/technology/social/twitter-acquisition/index.html | url-status=live }} {{As of|2013|September|df=US}}, the company's data showed that 200 million users sent over 400 million tweets daily, with nearly 60% of tweets sent from mobile devices.{{cite news|title=Twitter files for IPO in first stage of stock market launch|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/sep/12/twitter-ipo-stock-market-launch?CMP=EMCNEWEML6619I2&et_cid=48826&et_rid=7107573&Linkid=http%3a%2f%2fwww.theguardian.com%2ftechnology%2f2013%2fsep%2f12%2ftwitter-ipo-stock-market-launch|access-date=September 13, 2013|newspaper=The Guardian|date=September 12, 2013|first=Heidi|last=Moore|archive-date=August 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801075059/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/sep/12/twitter-ipo-stock-market-launch?CMP=EMCNEWEML6619I2&et_cid=48826&et_rid=7107573&Linkid=http%3a%2f%2fwww.theguardian.com%2ftechnology%2f2013%2fsep%2f12%2ftwitter-ipo-stock-market-launch|url-status=live}}

In April 2013 the Syrian Electronic Army hacked the Twitter account of the Associated Press. The attack had a significant short-term impact on the stock market.{{cite web |last1=Stuster |first1=J. Dana |title=Syrian Electronic Army takes credit for hacking AP Twitter account |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/04/23/syrian-electronic-army-takes-credit-for-hacking-ap-twitter-account/ |website=foreignpolicy.com |publisher=Foreign Policy |access-date=28 November 2023}}{{cite web |last1=Bishop |first1=Katrina |last2=Kharpal |first2=Arjun |title=Global websites hacked by Syrian Electronic Army |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2014/11/27/global-websites-hacked-by-syrian-electronic-army.html |website=cnbc.com |publisher=CNBC |access-date=28 November 2023}} In October they hacked the account of Barack Obama.{{cite web |last1=McCarthy |first1=Tom |title=Syrian Electronic Army takes credit for attack on Obama's Twitter account |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/oct/28/barack-obama-twitter-hacked-syria |website=theguardian.com |publisher=The Guardian |access-date=28 November 2023}}

During Super Bowl XLVII on February 3, 2013, when the power went out in the Superdome Mondelez International, Kraft Foods vice president Lisa Mann was asked to tweet, "You can still dunk in the dark", referring to Oreo cookies. She approved, and as she told Ad Age in 2020, "literally the world [had] changed when I woke up the next morning." This became a milestone in the development of commenting daily on culture.{{cite journal|title=Q&AA: The CMO Fixer: After working for major marketers, Lisa Mann now places CMOs and other executives. She gives her take on what's ailing top brands and what companies are looking for in top execs|last=Schultz|first=E.J.|journal=Ad Age|date=October 5, 2020|page=6|volume=91|issue=19}}

Twitter went public in 2013 through an initial public offering (IPO). The IPO raised US$1.8 billion.

File:Parallax_scroll.gif" parallax scrolling of city buildings]]

2014 was a hard year for Twitter with analysts and the market both pessimistic about the company.

In April 2014, Twitter underwent a redesign that made the site resemble Facebook somewhat, with a profile picture and biography in a column left to the timeline, and a full-width header image with parallax scrolling effect.{{efn|It is not documented whether the parallax scrolling effect was added with the redesign in April 2014 or subsequently.}} That layout was used as the main for the desktop front end until July 2019, undergoing changes over time such as the removal of shortcut buttons to jump to the previous or next tweet in early 2017, and rounded profile pictures since June 2017.{{Cite web |url=https://twitter.com/twitter/status/738501397658800128 |title=Lighting up the world |access-date=August 16, 2021 |archive-date=March 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307201518/https://twitter.com/Twitter/status/738501397658800128}}{{Original research inline|date=May 2023}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/4/8/5593102/twitter-web-profile-redesign|title=Twitter redesign looks a lot like Facebook|first=Vlad|last=Savov|date=April 8, 2014|website=The Verge|access-date=March 1, 2021|archive-date=March 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310054451/https://www.theverge.com/2014/4/8/5593102/twitter-web-profile-redesign|url-status=live}}{{cite web |title=Twitter-like Header Parallax Effect Using Pure CSS / CSS3 |url=https://www.cssscript.com/twitter-like-header-parallax-effect-using-pure-css-css3/ |website=CSS Script |date=May 19, 2015 |access-date=August 16, 2021 |archive-date=August 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816222709/https://www.cssscript.com/twitter-like-header-parallax-effect-using-pure-css-css3/ |url-status=live }} Twitter still struggled to turn a profit.

In April 2015, the Twitter.com desktop homepage changed.{{Cite web|url=https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/a/2015/twittercom-gets-a-refresh.html|title=Twitter.com gets a refresh|website=blog.twitter.com|access-date=July 30, 2019|archive-date=July 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730153517/https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/a/2015/twittercom-gets-a-refresh.html|url-status=live}} Later in the year it became apparent that growth had slowed.{{cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2015/10/29/twitter-growth/|title=What if the Twitter growth everyone is hoping for never comes?|first=Matthew|last=Ingram|magazine=Fortune|date=October 25, 2015|access-date=September 23, 2016|archive-date=November 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106173515/https://fortune.com/2015/10/29/twitter-growth/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/twitter-user-growth-continues-to-stall-2015-10|title=Twitter user growth continues to stall|first1=Laurie|last1=Beaver|first2=Margaret|last2=Boland|website=Business Insider|date=October 28, 2015|access-date=September 23, 2016|archive-date=November 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106173513/https://www.businessinsider.com/twitter-user-growth-continues-to-stall-2015-10|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://marketingland.com/revenue-is-up-but-twitter-still-struggling-in-slow-growth-mode-148852|title=Revenue Is Up, But Twitter Is Still Struggling In Slow Growth Mode|first=Martin|last=Beck|publisher=Marketing Land|date=October 27, 2015|access-date=September 23, 2016|archive-date=July 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730014029/http://marketingland.com/revenue-is-up-but-twitter-still-struggling-in-slow-growth-mode-148852|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://qz.com/614607/twitter-now-has-a-problem-thats-way-worse-than-slow-user-growth/|title=Twitter now has a problem that's way worse than slow user growth|first=Alice|last=Truong|work=Quartz|date=February 10, 2016|access-date=September 23, 2016|archive-date=November 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191106173521/https://qz.com/614607/twitter-now-has-a-problem-thats-way-worse-than-slow-user-growth/|url-status=live}}

In September 2016, Twitter shares rose 20% after a report that it had received takeover approaches.{{Cite web |last1=Faber |first1=David |last2=Balakrishnan |first2=Anita |date=September 23, 2016 |title=Twitter may soon get formal bid, suitors said to include Salesforce and Google |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/23/twitter-may-receive-formal-bid-shortly-suitors-said-to-include-salesforce-and-google.html |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=CNBC |publisher=NBCUniversal News Group |archive-date=December 2, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202211934/https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/23/twitter-may-receive-formal-bid-shortly-suitors-said-to-include-salesforce-and-google.html |url-status=live }} Potential buyers were Alphabet (the parent company of Google), Microsoft,{{Cite web |last=Vielma |first=Antonio José |date=September 26, 2016 |title=Microsoft seen as possible Twitter suitor: Source |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/26/microsoft-seen-as-possible-twitter-bidder-source.html |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=CNBC |publisher=NBCUniversal News Group |archive-date=April 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427150536/https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/26/microsoft-seen-as-possible-twitter-bidder-source.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |last=Rodionova |first=Zlata |date=September 27, 2016 |title=Twitter sale: Disney and Microsoft join Google in list of potential bidders |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/twitter-sale-microsoft-disney-google-who-will-buy-social-media-site-a7332886.html |access-date=April 23, 2017 |archive-date=June 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190602071418/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/twitter-sale-microsoft-disney-google-who-will-buy-social-media-site-a7332886.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Nusca |first=Andrew |date=September 27, 2016 |title=Will Microsoft Buy Twitter? |url=http://fortune.com/2016/09/27/will-microsoft-buy-twitter/ |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=Fortune |archive-date=April 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427151252/http://fortune.com/2016/09/27/will-microsoft-buy-twitter/ |url-status=live }} Salesforce.com,{{Cite web |last1=Lunden |first1=Ingrid |last2=Roof |first2=Katie |last3=Lynley |first3=Matthew |last4=Miller |first4=Ron |date=September 23, 2016 |title=Salesforce, Google, Microsoft, Verizon are all eyeing up a Twitter bid |url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/23/salesforce-google-twitter/ |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=TechCrunch |publisher=AOL |archive-date=May 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514075706/https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/23/salesforce-google-twitter/ |url-status=live }} Verizon, and The Walt Disney Company.{{Cite web |last1=Sherman |first1=Alex |last2=Frier |first2=Sarah |date=September 26, 2016 |title=Disney Is Working With an Adviser on Potential Twitter Bid |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-09-26/disney-said-to-be-working-with-adviser-on-potential-twitter-bid |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=Bloomberg Markets |publisher=Bloomberg L.P. |archive-date=May 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504101324/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-09-26/disney-said-to-be-working-with-adviser-on-potential-twitter-bid |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last1=Roof |first1=Katie |last2=Panzarino |first2=Matthew |date=September 26, 2016 |title=Yep, Disney is in talks with bankers about possible Twitter acquisition |url=https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/26/yep-disney-is-in-talks-with-bankers-about-possible-twitter-acqisition/ |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=TechCrunch |publisher=AOL |archive-date=May 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506061817/https://techcrunch.com/2016/09/26/yep-disney-is-in-talks-with-bankers-about-possible-twitter-acqisition/ |url-status=live }} Twitter's board of directors were open to a deal, which could have come by the end of 2016.{{Cite news |date=September 23, 2016 |title=Twitter shares soar almost 20% on takeover talk |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-37453242 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |archive-date=September 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927050958/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-37453242 |url-status=live }} However, no deal was made, with reports in October stating that all the potential buyers dropped out partly due to concerns over abuse and harassment on the service.{{Cite web |last1=Sherman |first1=Alex |last2=Palmeri |first2=Christopher |last3=Frier |first3=Sarah |date=October 18, 2016 |title=Disney Dropped Twitter Pursuit Partly Over Image |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-10-17/disney-said-to-have-dropped-twitter-pursuit-partly-over-image |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=Bloomberg Technology |publisher=Bloomberg L.P. |archive-date=April 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423153411/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-10-17/disney-said-to-have-dropped-twitter-pursuit-partly-over-image |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=McCormick |first=Rich |date=October 19, 2016 |title=Twitter's reputation for abuse is turning off potential suitors |url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/10/19/13328380/twitter-abuse-disney-salesforce-bids-pulled |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=The Verge |publisher=Vox Media |archive-date=April 24, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424000928/http://www.theverge.com/2016/10/19/13328380/twitter-abuse-disney-salesforce-bids-pulled |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Price |first=Rob |date=October 18, 2016 |title=Twitter's abuse problem is reportedly part of the reason Disney chose not to buy it |url=http://nordic.businessinsider.com/disney-twitter-acquisition-trolls-abuse-harassment-report-2016-10 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |website=Business Insider |publisher=Axel Springer SE |archive-date=April 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423151947/http://nordic.businessinsider.com/disney-twitter-acquisition-trolls-abuse-harassment-report-2016-10 |url-status=live }}

In 2017 Elon Musk first tweeted his interest in acquiring Twitter.{{cite web |last1=Paul |first1=Kari |title=Chaotic and crass: a brief timeline of Elon Musk’s history with Twitter |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/apr/25/timeline-elon-musks-history-twitter |website=theguardian.com |publisher=The Guardian |access-date=26 November 2023}} In June 2017, Twitter revamped its dashboard to improve the new user experience.{{Cite web |last=Howard |first=Anne |date=June 19, 2017 |title=Twitter Gets a New Look. Does it get it Right? |url=https://rprnmag.com/technology/twitter-gets-a-new-look-does-it-get-it-right/ |access-date=June 19, 2017 |website=RPRN Newsmagazine |publisher=RPRN News |archive-date=April 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427150842/https://rprnmag.com/technology/twitter-gets-a-new-look-does-it-get-it-right/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite magazine |last=Pierce |first=David |date=June 15, 2017 |title=Twitter Redesigned Itself to Make the Tweet Supreme Again |url=https://www.wired.com/story/twitter-redesigned-itself-to-make-the-tweet-supreme-again/ |magazine=Wired |access-date=June 19, 2017 |archive-date=November 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127141604/https://www.wired.com/story/twitter-redesigned-itself-to-make-the-tweet-supreme-again/ |url-status=live }} Vine was shut down in 2017.

On April 29, 2018, the first commercial tweet from space was sent by Solstar utilizing solely commercial infrastructure during a New Shepard flight.{{Cite web |last=Bogan |first=Ray |date=May 4, 2018 |title=Commercial space travelers will soon be able to send a tweet from space |url=https://www.foxnews.com/tech/commercial-space-travelers-will-soon-be-able-to-send-a-tweet-from-space |access-date=February 24, 2023 |website=Fox News |language=en-US |archive-date=March 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305215513/https://www.foxnews.com/tech/commercial-space-travelers-will-soon-be-able-to-send-a-tweet-from-space |url-status=live }} In May 2018, Twitter announced that tweet replies deemed by an algorithm to be detractive from the conversation would initially be hidden and only load by actuating a "Show more replies" element at the bottom.{{cite web |last1=Oremus |first1=Will |title=Twitter Will Start Hiding Tweets That "Detract From the Conversation" |url=https://slate.com/technology/2018/05/twitter-will-start-hiding-tweets-that-detract-from-the-conversation.html |website=Slate Magazine |date=May 15, 2018 |access-date=April 11, 2021 |archive-date=June 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608124457/https://slate.com/technology/2018/05/twitter-will-start-hiding-tweets-that-detract-from-the-conversation.html |url-status=live }}

Moderation of terrorism and violent extremism on the platform was a significant challenge with Twitter suspending more than a million accounts on terrorism grounds from 2015 to 2018.{{cite web |last1=Reisinger |first1=Don |title=Twitter Has Suspended 1.2 Million Terrorist Accounts Since 2015 |url=https://fortune.com/2018/04/05/twitter-terrorist-account-suspensions/ |website=fortune.com |publisher=Fortune |access-date=29 April 2024}}

In 2018 the tweet size limit was raised from 140 characters to 280 characters.{{cite web |last1=Perez |first1=Sarah |title=Twitter’s doubling of character count from 140 to 280 had little impact on length of tweets |url=https://techcrunch.com/2018/10/30/twitters-doubling-of-character-count-from-140-to-280-had-little-impact-on-length-of-tweets/ |website=techcrunch.com |publisher=Tech Crunch |access-date=29 April 2024}} This change was trialed in 2017.{{cite web |last1=Pardes |first1=Arielle |title=A Brief History of the Ever Expanding Tweet |url=https://www.wired.com/story/a-brief-history-of-the-ever-expanding-tweet/ |website=wired.com |publisher=Wired |access-date=29 April 2024}}

In 2019, Twitter released another redesign of its user interface.{{Cite web |title=Like It or Not, You're Getting Twitter's Redesigned Website Soon |url=https://www.pcmag.com/news/like-it-or-not-youre-getting-twitters-redesigned-website-soon |access-date=August 25, 2020 |website=PCMAG |archive-date=March 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210317123902/https://www.pcmag.com/news/like-it-or-not-youre-getting-twitters-redesigned-website-soon |url-status=live }}

File:Donald_J_Trump_(realDonaldTrump)_Twitter_-_публикация_от_2020-05-26.pngTwitter experienced considerable growth during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.{{cite web |title=Q2 2020 Letter to Shareholders, July 23, 2020, @TwitterIR |url=https://s22.q4cdn.com/826641620/files/doc_financials/2020/q2/Q2-2020-Shareholder-Letter.pdf |access-date=March 14, 2022 |publisher=Twitter |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022023311/https://s22.q4cdn.com/826641620/files/doc_financials/2020/q2/Q2-2020-Shareholder-Letter.pdf |url-status=dead }} The platform also was increasingly used for misinformation related to the pandemic.{{Cite web |date=July 29, 2020 |title=Full Page Reload |url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/twitter-bots-are-spreading-massive-amounts-of-covid-19-misinformation |access-date=August 26, 2020 |website=IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and Science News |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103023130/https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/telecom/internet/twitter-bots-are-spreading-massive-amounts-of-covid-19-misinformation |url-status=live }} This combination posed a significant challenge to Twitter,{{cite web |last1=Ghaffary |first1=Shirin |last2=Heilweil |first2=Rebecca |title=Facebook doubles down on removing coronavirus conspiracy theories |url=https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/1/31/21115589/coronavirus-wuhan-china-myths-hoaxes-facebook-social-media-tiktok-twitter-wechat |website=vox.com |publisher=Vox}} as a result they started marking tweets which contained misleading information, and adding links to fact-checks.{{cite web |last1=Roth |first1=Yoel |last2=Pickles |first2=Nick |date=May 11, 2020 |title=Updating our Approach to Misleading Information |url=https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/product/2020/updating-our-approach-to-misleading-information.html |access-date=May 28, 2020 |publisher=Twitter |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228043728/https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/product/2020/updating-our-approach-to-misleading-information.html |url-status=live }}{{cite web |last1=Paul |first1=Kari |title=Twitter targets Covid vaccine misinformation with labels and 'strike' system |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/mar/01/twitter-coronavirus-vaccine-misinformation-labels |website=theguardian.com |publisher=The Guardian |access-date=28 November 2023}} Twitter was not always successful in marking and/or removing misinformation and on a number of occasions marked factual information as misinformation.{{cite web |last1=Lorenz |first1=Taylor |title=Twitter labeled factual information about covid-19 as misinformation |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/08/25/twitter-factual-covid-info-labeled-misinformation/ |website=washingtonpost.com |publisher=Washington Post |access-date=28 November 2023}} COVID and Twitter also presented science communicators with a mix of challenges and opportunities.{{cite web |last1=Brainard |first1=Jefferey |title=RIDING THE TWITTER WAVE |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/twitter-transformed-science-communication-pandemic-will-last |website=science.org |publisher=Science |access-date=28 November 2023}}

In May 2020, Twitter moderators marked two tweets from U.S. President Donald Trump as "potentially misleading" and linked to a fact-check.{{cite web |last1=Lybrand |first1=Holmes |last2=Subramaniam |first2=Tara |date=May 27, 2020 |title=Fact-checking Trump's recent claims that mail-in voting is rife with fraud |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/27/app-politics-section/donald-trump-mail-in-voter-fraud-fact-check/index.html |access-date=May 28, 2020 |work=CNN |archive-date=February 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228053711/https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/27/app-politics-section/donald-trump-mail-in-voter-fraud-fact-check/index.html |url-status=live }} Trump responded by signing an executive order to weaken Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, which limits social media sites' liability for content moderation decisions.{{cite news |last1=Allyn |first1=Bobby |date=May 28, 2020 |title=Stung By Twitter, Trump Signs Executive Order To Weaken Social Media Companies |newspaper=NPR |publisher=National Public Radio |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/05/28/863932758/stung-by-twitter-trump-signs-executive-order-to-weaken-social-media-companies |access-date=May 29, 2020 |archive-date=June 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200628223529/https://www.npr.org/2020/05/28/863932758/stung-by-twitter-trump-signs-executive-order-to-weaken-social-media-companies |url-status=live }}{{cite web |date=May 28, 2020 |title=Trump signs executive order targeting social media companies |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/28/politics/trump-twitter-social-media-executive-order/index.html |access-date=May 29, 2020 |website=CNN |archive-date=February 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213142743/https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/28/politics/trump-twitter-social-media-executive-order/index.html |url-status=live }}{{cite news |last1=Conger |first1=Kate |last2=Isaac |first2=Mike |date=May 28, 2020 |title=Defying Trump, Twitter Doubles Down on Labeling Tweets |website=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/28/technology/trump-twitter-fact-check.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 29, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200528160018/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/28/technology/trump-twitter-fact-check.html |archive-date=May 28, 2020}} Twitter later banned Trump, claiming that he violated "the glorification of violence policy".{{Cite news |date=January 8, 2021 |title=Twitter 'permanently suspends' Trump's account |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55597840 |access-date=November 6, 2022 |archive-date=June 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608185025/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55597840 |url-status=live }} The ban drew criticism from American conservatives and European leaders, who saw it as an interference on freedom of speech.{{cite news |date=January 11, 2021 |title=Germany and France Oppose Trump's Twitter Exile |newspaper=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-11/merkel-sees-closing-trump-s-social-media-accounts-problematic |access-date=January 11, 2021 |quote='The chancellor sees the complete closing down of the account of an elected president as problematic,' Steffen Seibert, her chief spokesman, said at a regular news conference in Berlin. Rights like the freedom of speech 'can be interfered with, but by law and within the framework defined by the legislature – not according to a corporate decision.' |archive-date=March 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326014432/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-11/merkel-sees-closing-trump-s-social-media-accounts-problematic |url-status=live }}

In 2020, Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian pushed conspiracy theories about the pandemic on Twitter, which is blocked in mainland China but is used as a public diplomacy tool by Chinese officials to promote the Chinese government and defend it from criticism.{{cite news|last1=Westcott|first1=Ben|last2=Jiang|first2=Steven|date=13 March 2020|title=Chinese diplomat promotes conspiracy theory that US military brought coronavirus to Wuhan|publisher=CNN|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/13/asia/china-coronavirus-us-lijian-zhao-intl-hnk/index.html|url-status=live|access-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318182148/https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/13/asia/china-coronavirus-us-lijian-zhao-intl-hnk/index.html|archive-date=18 March 2020|name-list-style=vanc}} China's ambassador to South Africa also made these claims on Twitter.{{Cite news|last1=Yuwen|first1=Cheng|last2=Zhan|first2=Qiao|date=28 March 2020|title=US Pushes Back Against Russian, Chinese, Iranian Coronavirus Disinformation|publisher=Voice of America|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_us-pushes-back-against-russian-chinese-iranian-coronavirus-disinformation/6186541.html|access-date=28 March 2020|name-list-style=vanc|archive-date=28 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328142235/https://www.voanews.com/usa/us-pushes-back-against-russian-chinese-iranian-coronavirus-disinformation|url-status=live}} In May 2020, Twitter placed fact-check labels on two of the Chinese government tweets which had falsely suggested that the virus originated in the US and was brought to China by the Americans.{{cite web|last1=Fernandez|first1=Marisa|title=Twitter fact-checks Chinese official's claims that coronavirus originated in U.S.|url=https://www.axios.com/twitter-fact-checks-chinese-official-27762aac-153b-4b77-ad63-75826fe04eb3.html|access-date=1 June 2020|website=www.axios.com|date=28 May 2020|publisher=Axios|archive-date=3 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603113436/https://www.axios.com/twitter-fact-checks-chinese-official-27762aac-153b-4b77-ad63-75826fe04eb3.html|url-status=live}} In January 2021, Hua Chunying renewed the conspiracy theory from Zhao that the SARS-CoV-2 virus originated in the United States from the U.S. military biology laboratory Fort Detrick. Hua continued to refer to it on Twitter, while asking the government of the United States to open up Fort Detrick for further investigation to determine if it is the source of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.{{Cite web|last=Li|first=Jane|title=China's gift for the Biden inauguration is a conspiracy theory about Covid-19's US origins|url=https://qz.com/1959825/china-renews-its-push-on-a-conspiracy-theory-about-covid-19/|access-date=21 January 2021|website=Quartz|date=20 January 2021 |language=en|archive-date=20 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210220164052/https://qz.com/1959825/china-renews-its-push-on-a-conspiracy-theory-about-covid-19/|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/20/china-revives-conspiracy-theory-of-us-army-link-to-covid|title=China revives conspiracy theory of US army link to Covid|first=Helen|last=Davidson|newspaper=The Guardian |date=20 January 2021|via=www.theguardian.com|access-date=24 January 2021|archive-date=13 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210313130121/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/20/china-revives-conspiracy-theory-of-us-army-link-to-covid|url-status=live}}

In April 2021, Twitter announced that it was establishing its African headquarters in Ghana.{{Cite web |title=Establishing Twitter's presence in Africa |url=https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2021/establishing-twitter-s-presence-in-africa.html |access-date=April 13, 2021 |website=blog.twitter.com |language=en-us |archive-date=April 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413002145/https://blog.twitter.com/en_us/topics/company/2021/establishing-twitter-s-presence-in-africa.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite news |date=April 24, 2021 |title=Ghana basks in Twitter's surprise choice as Africa HQ |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56860658 |access-date=April 25, 2021 |archive-date=April 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425000656/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-56860658 |url-status=live }} On June 5, 2021, the Nigerian government issued an indefinite ban on Twitter usage in the country, citing "misinformation and fake news spread through it have had real world violent consequences",{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2021 |title=Nigeria's Twitter ban: Government orders prosecution of violators |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57368535 |access-date=June 20, 2021 |website=BBC News |archive-date=January 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111202352/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57368535 |url-status=live }} after the platform removed tweets made by the Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari.{{Cite news |title=Nigeria suspends Twitter after the social media platform freezes president's account |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/06/04/nigeria-suspends-twitter-buhari/ |access-date=June 20, 2021 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=December 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205012027/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/06/04/nigeria-suspends-twitter-buhari/ |url-status=live }} Nigeria's ban was criticized by Amnesty International.{{cite news |last=Ohuocha |first=Chijioke |date=June 5, 2021 |title=Nigerian telecoms firms suspend access to Twitter |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nigerian-telecoms-firms-suspend-twitter-access-2021-06-05/ |access-date=June 20, 2021 |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611094311/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nigerian-telecoms-firms-suspend-twitter-access-2021-06-05/ |url-status=live }}

In 2021, Twitter began the research phase of Bluesky, an open source decentralized social media protocol where users can choose which algorithmic curation they want.{{cite news |last=Goldsmith |first=Jill |date=February 10, 2021 |title=Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey On Section 230, Transparency, Appeals And Twitter Turning 15 |work=Deadline |url=https://deadline.com/2021/02/twitter-ceo-jack-dorsey-tougher-regs-would-hurt-all-internet-not-just-social-media-mum-on-facebook-google-antitrust-woes-focused-on-transparency-appeals-1234691610/ |access-date=March 26, 2021 |archive-date=March 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306013212/https://deadline.com/2021/02/twitter-ceo-jack-dorsey-tougher-regs-would-hurt-all-internet-not-just-social-media-mum-on-facebook-google-antitrust-woes-focused-on-transparency-appeals-1234691610/ |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Matney |first=Lucas |date=January 15, 2021 |title=Twitter's decentralized future |url=https://techcrunch.com/2021/01/15/twitters-vision-of-decentralization-could-also-be-the-far-rights-internet-endgame/ |access-date=November 6, 2022 |website=TechCrunch |archive-date=June 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629004405/https://techcrunch.com/2021/01/15/twitters-vision-of-decentralization-could-also-be-the-far-rights-internet-endgame/ |url-status=live }} The same year, Twitter also released Twitter Spaces, a social audio feature;{{Cite web |last=Rodriguez |first=Salvador |date=May 3, 2021 |title=Twitter launches Spaces live-audio rooms to all users with more than 600 followers |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/03/twitter-launches-spaces-live-audio-rooms-to-all-users.html |access-date=August 10, 2021 |website=CNBC |archive-date=July 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723023831/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/03/twitter-launches-spaces-live-audio-rooms-to-all-users.html |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=Lyons |first=Kim |date=May 3, 2021 |title=Twitter will now let anyone with 600 or more followers host its audio Spaces on mobile |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/3/22413033/twitter-spaces-android-ios-ticket-schedule-clubhouse-captions |access-date=August 10, 2021 |website=The Verge |archive-date=August 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810174034/https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/3/22413033/twitter-spaces-android-ios-ticket-schedule-clubhouse-captions |url-status=live }} "super follows", a way to subscribe to creators for exclusive content;{{Cite news |last= |date=September 1, 2021 |title=Twitter launches subscription-based feature "super follows" |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/twitter-launches-subscription-based-feature-super-follows-2021-09-01/ |access-date=November 6, 2022 |archive-date=March 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230305215513/https://www.reuters.com/technology/twitter-launches-subscription-based-feature-super-follows-2021-09-01/ |url-status=live }} and a beta of "ticketed Spaces", which makes access to certain audio rooms paid.{{Cite web |date=June 22, 2021 |last=Robertson |first=Adi |title=Twitter is opening applications to test Ticketed Spaces and Super Follows |url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/22/22545167/twitter-opens-super-follows-ticketed-spaces-new-feature-test-application-ios-android |access-date=June 23, 2021 |website=The Verge |archive-date=July 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701020609/https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/22/22545167/twitter-opens-super-follows-ticketed-spaces-new-feature-test-application-ios-android |url-status=live }} Twitter unveiled a redesign in August 2021, with adjusted colors and a new Chirp font, which improves the left-alignment of most Western languages.{{cite web | url = https://www.engadget.com/twitter-redesign-chirp-202504463.html | title = Twitter rolls out redesign with proprietary Chirp font | first = Igor | last = Bonifac | date = August 11, 2021 | access-date = August 11, 2021 | work = Engadget | archive-date = August 13, 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210813012423/https://www.engadget.com/twitter-redesign-chirp-202504463.html | url-status = live }}

In June 2022, Twitter announced a partnership with e-commerce giant Shopify, and its plans to launch a sales channel app for U.S. Shopify merchants.{{Cite web |title=Twitter partners with Shopify to bring merchants' products to Twitter Shopping |url=https://techcrunch.com/2022/06/22/twitter-partners-with-shopify-to-bring-merchants-products-to-twitter-shopping/ |access-date=June 23, 2022 |website=TechCrunch |date=June 22, 2022 |archive-date=June 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629141808/https://techcrunch.com/2022/06/22/twitter-partners-with-shopify-to-bring-merchants-products-to-twitter-shopping/ |url-status=live }}

On August 23, 2022, the contents of a whistleblower complaint by former information security head Peiter Zatko to the United States Congress were published. Zatko had been fired by Twitter in January 2022. The complaint alleges that Twitter failed to disclose several data breaches, had negligent security measures, violated United States securities regulations, and broke the terms of a previous settlement with the Federal Trade Commission over the safeguarding of user data. The report also claims that the Indian government forced Twitter to hire one of its agents to gain direct access to user data.{{cite news |last1=Vincent |first1=James |title=Twitter's former security chief says company lied about bots and safety |url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/8/23/23317857/twitter-whistleblower-zatko-security-spam-safety |publisher=The Verge |date=August 23, 2022 |access-date=August 23, 2022 |archive-date=August 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825213713/https://www.theverge.com/2022/8/23/23317857/twitter-whistleblower-zatko-security-spam-safety |url-status=live }}

File:UK Government hosts AI Summit at Bletchley Park (53302927869).jpg

{{excerpt|Acquisition of Twitter by Elon Musk|templates=Cite web|files=0}}

{{Excerpt|Twitter under Elon Musk}}

• Timeline of Twitter
• History of Facebook
• History of YouTube
• 2020 Twitter account hijacking
• December 2022 Twitter suspensions
• Eoghan Harris Twitter scandal
• Saudi infiltration of Twitter
• Twitter Files
• Twitter joke trial
• Twitter, Inc. v. Taamneh
• WikiLeaks-related Twitter court orders
• Twitter Revolution

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