Holland I
{{Short description|Type of prototype submarine}}
{{For|the first ever Royal Navy submarine|HMS Holland 1}}
| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image | Ship image= File:Paterson Museum (NJ) images (45) number 35 Early submarine.jpg | Ship caption= }} {{Infobox ship career | Hide header= | Ship country=United States | Ship flag= {{USN flag|1878}} | Ship name= Holland Boat No. I | Ship namesake=John Philip Holland | Ship builder= | Ship original cost= | Ship yard number= | Ship way number= | Ship laid down= | Ship launched=22 May 1878 | Ship sponsor= | Ship christened= | Ship completed= | Ship acquired= | Ship maiden voyage= | Ship in service= | Ship out of service= | Ship fate=*Scuttled, 1878
| Ship notes= | Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header= | Header caption= | Ship class= | Ship type= Submarine | Ship tonnage= | Ship displacement= {{Convert|2.25|LT|t|0|lk=on|abbr=on}} | Ship length= {{Convert|14|ft|m|abbr=on}} | Ship beam= {{Convert|3|ft|abbr=on}} | Ship height= | Ship draft= | Ship power= | Ship propulsion=*1 × {{Convert|4|hp|0|abbr=on}} Brayton ready motor petroleum engine
| Ship speed=*{{Convert|3.5|kn|lk=in}}(surfaced)
| Ship range= | Ship endurance= 1 hour | Ship test depth= {{Convert|12|ft|abbr=on}} | Ship crew=1 | Ship armor= | Ship notes= }} |
Holland Boat No. I was a prototype submarine designed and operated by John Philip Holland.
Construction
Work on the vessel began at the Albany Iron Works in New York City, moving to Paterson, New Jersey, in early 1878. The boat was launched on 22 May 1878. It was 14 feet long, weighed 2.25 tons, and was powered by a 4-horsepower Brayton Ready Motor petroleum engine driving a single screw. The boat was operated by Holland himself.{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/n87/usw/issue_19/holland2.htm |title=John Holland Father of the Modern Submarine |work=navy.mil |year=2006 |access-date=28 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021174106/http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/n87/usw/issue_19/holland2.htm |archive-date=21 October 2012 }}
Testing
After several tests, on 6 June Holland conducted his first proper trial. The boat ran on the surface at approximately 3.5 knots, then submerged to a depth of 12 feet, before eventually surfacing. However, problems with the engine, meant that Holland eventually connected the engine, by a flexible hose, to a steam engine in an accompanying launch and powered the boat externally. In a second trial, Holland remained submerged for an hour. Holland eventually stripped the boat of usable equipment and scuttled it in the Passaic River.
These trials impressed Holland's backers, the Fenian Brotherhood,{{cite web |url=http://www.hnsa.org/ships/holland.htm |title=Holland Boat #1 |work=Historic Naval Ships Visitors Guide |year=2012 |access-date=28 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514143621/http://www.hnsa.org/ships/holland.htm |archive-date=14 May 2012 |url-status=dead }} who on the strength of this success financed the Holland Boat No. II, which became known as the Fenian Ram.
The vessel was recovered in 1927 and is now on display at the Paterson Museum in New Jersey.
See also
References
{{reflist}}
{{Holland Torpedo Boat Company}}
{{Oldest surviving ships (pre-1919)}}
Category:19th-century submarines of the United States
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