Homoeomma
{{Short description| Genus of spiders}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Homoeomma
| authority = Ausserer, 1871
| type_species = H. stradlingi
| type_species_authority = O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| image = Homoeomma montanum female DSC09195 Photo RP Indicatti.jpg
| subdivision = 13, see text
| synonyms = *Butantania Mello-Leitão, 1935{{cite journal| last=Pérez-Miles| first=F.| display-authors=etal| year=1996| title=Systematic revision and cladistic analysis of Theraphosinae (Araneae: Theraphosidae)| journal=Mygalomorph| volume=1| page=52}}
- Calopelma Chamberlin, 1917{{cite journal| last1=Gerschman de P.| first1=B. S.| last2=Schiapelli| first2=R. D.| year=1972| title=El género Homoeomma Ausserer 1871 (Araneae: Theraphosidae)| journal=Physis, Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales| volume=31| page=241}}
- Cyclothoracoides Strand, 1929{{cite journal| last1=Lucas| first1=S. M.| last2=Indicatti| first2=R. P.| year=2015| title=Revalidation of Dolichothele Mello-Leitão and notes on Hapalotremus Simon (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae)| journal=Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment| volume=50| issue=3| page=210| doi=10.1080/01650521.2015.1103553| bibcode=2015SNFE...50..204L| s2cid=86093834}}
- Cyclothorax Mello-Leitão, 1923
}}
Homoeomma (eyelike, from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, like, and ὄμμα, eye) is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871.{{cite book |last1=Ausserer |first1=Anton |author1-link=Anton Ausserer |title=Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Arachniden-Familie der Territelariae Thorell (Mygalidae Autor) |date=1871 |location=Vienna |page=210 |url=https://archive.org/details/biostor-128324/page/210/mode/2up}} It is considered a senior synonym of Calopelma, Butantania, and of Cyclothoracoides. These tarantulas are usually quite small and usually burrow a few centimeters under a rock or log.{{Cite web |last1=Montenegro |first1=Rubén |last2=A. Aguilera |first2=Milenko |last3=Casanueva |first3=María Eugenia |date=2018 |title=First record of Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871 in Chile and description of two new species |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329483842 |access-date=August 1, 2022 |website=ResearchGate}}
Diagnosis
Males of this genus can be distinguished by the tile-like apophysis on the base of the palpal bulb, and the embolus being in an obtuse angle, in relation to the bulb. Males also have a flexion of the metatarsus 1, which is between the branches of the tibial apophysis. Females can be distinguished by the spermatheca morphology, which lacks constriction in the apex.
Species
{{as of|2022|08}} it contains thirteen species, found in South America:{{cite journal|last1=Gloor|first1=Daniel|last2=Nentwig|first2=Wolfgang|last3=Blick|first3=Theo|last4=Kropf|first4=Christian|year=2022|title=Gen. Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871|url=http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/genus/3372|publisher=Natural History Museum Bern|doi=10.24436/2|website=World Spider Catalog Version 23.0|access-date=12 February 2022}}
- Homoeomma brasilianum (Chamberlin, 1917) – Brazil
- Homoeomma chilense Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 – Chile
- Homoeomma elegans (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1958) – Argentina
- Homoeomma familiare Bertkau, 1880 – Brazil
- Homoeomma hirsutum (Mello-Leitão, 1935) – Brazil
- Homoeomma montanum (Mello-Leitão, 1923) – Brazil
- Homoeomma nigrum (Walckenaer, 1837) – Brazil
- Homoeomma orellanai Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 – Chile
- Homoeomma peruvianum (Chamberlin, 1916) – Peru
- Homoeomma strabo (Simon, 1892) – Colombia, Brazil
- Homoeomma stradlingi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 (type) – Brazil
- Homoeomma uruguayense (Mello-Leitão, 1946) – Uruguay, Argentina
- Homoeomma villosum (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil
=In synonymy=
- H. bicolor Sherwood, Gabriel & Longhorn, 2018 = Homoeomma chilense Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018
- H. cyclothorax (Mello-Leitão, 1923) = Homoeomma montanum (Mello-Leitão, 1923)
- H. moreirae (Mello-Leitão, 1923) = Homoeomma brasilianum (Chamberlin, 1917)
- H. regina (Chamberlin, 1917) = Homoeomma strabo (Simon, 1892)
- H. serratum (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1958) = Homoeomma uruguayense (Mello-Leitão, 1946)
=Transferred to other genera=
- Homoeomma alcirae Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1954 → Plesiopelma alcirae
- Homoeomma humile Vellard, 1924 → Bumba humilis
- Homoeomma pictum (Pocock, 1903) → ''Anqasha picta'
- Homoeomma simoni Soares & Camargo, 1948 → Catanduba simoni
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar| from=Q2715716}}
Category:Spiders of South America