Hong Kong 97 (video game)

{{Infobox video game

| title = Hong Kong 97

| image = Hong Kong 97 cover.jpg

| caption = The cover for the release contains cut images of Bruce Lee and Deng Xiaoping.

| developer = HappySoft

| publisher = HappySoft

| released = {{vgrelease|JP|1995}}

| genre = Bullet hell{{cite web|last=Gault|first=Matthew|title=The True, Secret History of the Creepiest Cult Game Ever Made|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-true-secret-history-of-the-creepiest-cult-game-ever-made/|work=Vice|date=12 November 2019|access-date=21 March 2020}}

| modes = Single-player

| designer = Kowloon Kurosawa{{cite news |last=Shamdasani |first=Pavan |date=20 January 2018 |title=Developer of world's worst video game, Hong Kong 1997, ends silence to reveal its strange genesis and beg gamers to drop it |url=https://www.scmp.com/culture/arts-entertainment/article/2129690/developer-worlds-worst-video-game-hong-kong-1997-ends |work=South China Morning Post |location=Hong Kong |access-date=30 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180421074704/http://www.scmp.com/culture/arts-entertainment/article/2129690/developer-worlds-worst-video-game-hong-kong-1997-ends |archive-date=21 April 2018 |url-status=live}}

}}

Hong Kong 97{{efn|Japanese: {{Nihongo||香港97|Hon Kon 97}}; {{lang-zh|t=香港97|p=Xiānggǎng Jiǔqī|cy = Hēunggóng Gáuchāt}}}} is an unlicensed shoot 'em up video game developed and published by HappySoft, a doujin game developer, for the Super Famicom. It was released in Japan in 1995, being sold as floppy disks. Designed by the Japanese game journalist Kowloon Kurosawa, who said the game was a satire of the video game industry, Hong Kong 97 was made in seven days with the help of his friend.

The game takes place in China in 1997, during the handover of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom. Facing an increased crime rate due to immigration from Mainland China, the Hong Kong government hires Chin, a super-powerful relative of Bruce Lee, to kill the entire population of China. At the same time, the deceased Tong Shau Ping {{sic}} is resurrected by a secret project conducted by the Chinese government as an "ultimate weapon".{{efn|name=Tong|Tong Shau Ping is a depiction of Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping, who was still alive at the time of development; he died on 19 February 1997, a few months before the handover of Hong Kong, the game's backdrop.{{cite web | url=https://kotaku.com/5936454/racism-violence--madness-make-this-awful-hong-kong-game-one-to-remember | title=Racism, Violence & Madness Make This Awful Hong Kong Game One to Remember | last=Plunkett | first=Luke | date=21 August 2012 | website=Kotaku | publisher=Univision Communications | location=New York City | access-date=19 January 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119235120/https://kotaku.com/5936454/racism-violence--madness-make-this-awful-hong-kong-game-one-to-remember | archive-date=19 January 2018 | url-status=live}}}} After defeating Tong Shau Ping, the game is repeated indefinitely until Chin dies. Hong Kong 97 sold around 30 copies due to its underground bootleg release, and it has since gained a cult following for its notoriously poor quality. In retrospect, it is considered by critics and journalists to be among the worst games ever made.

Gameplay

File:SFC Hong Kong 97.png. The player's score, shown in Chinese characters, is displayed at the top.]]

The player controls Chin, who must shoot and evade the Chinese populace moving downwards from the top of the screen. When shot, the enemies explode in mushroom clouds, leaving behind a flashing corpse and items for instant death or temporary invincibility. After a while, cars start appearing from the sides, moving horizontally across the screen as obstacles. After thirty enemies have been defeated by the player, the final boss, the "ultimate weapon" Tong Shau Ping{{efn|name=Tong}} appears. He is depicted as a large, severed, floating head that will attempt to land on top of the player. Once he is defeated, the game repeats itself. The game shows static photos as the background, which alternate between pictures of Maoist propaganda, Guilin, the logo for Asia Television, the logo for Chinese Coca-Cola, or Mao Zedong in monochrome.

Sporadically, a syringe appears as a power-up, which grants Chin temporary invincibility. Rotating green disks will also appear that can instantly kill Chin. The player has no health points: if Chin is hit by anything other than the syringe, the game is immediately over, unless he is under invincibility. The game over screen contains the superimposed words "Chin IS DEAD!!" in English and grammatically incorrect Chinese "{{lang|zh-hant|陳死亡}}" ({{Lang-zh|c=|s=|t=|p=Chén sǐ wáng}}){{efn|"Chén sǐ wáng" (陳死亡) can be interpreted as either "Chin is dead", or as a proper name, "Dead Chin".}} over a still graphic image of a corpse dated to 1992. The game then goes to the credits (listing the Embassy of Canada as a cooperation partner) and back to the title screen.

Upon turning on the game, the first three measures of the chorus of an upbeat rock-style rendition of "I Love Beijing Tiananmen" can be heard, which loops indefinitely throughout the game. The game has no other music or sound effects. The game can be played in English, Japanese or traditional Chinese.

{{Listen|description=A short clip of "I Love Beijing Tiananmen", the song used in the game.|filename=|title="I Love Beijing Tiananmen"}}

Plot

Hong Kong 97 begins with a short cutscene which places the game around the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong in 1997. People from Mainland China (described in the English script as "fuckin' ugly reds" and in the Japanese script as "dirty people spitting sputum"{{nihongo krt|1997 has arrived. Dirty people are pouring in from the mainland, spitting up phlegm.|1997年がやってきた。大陸から薄汚い人民が痰を吐きながら大挙して押し寄せてくる。}}) started immigrating to Hong Kong, causing a large increase in the crime rate. As a countermeasure, the Hong Kong government (represented in-game by Governor Chris Patten) hires Chin (portrayed by Jackie Chan), an unspecified relative of Bruce Lee, to "wipe out" all 1.2 billion of the "red communists" in China. Meanwhile, a secret project in Mainland China has succeeded in resurrecting Tong Shau Ping as the "ultimate weapon".

The Chinese translation of the game refers to Chin as "Mister Chan" ({{Lang-zh|c=陳先生|s=|t=|p=Chén xiānshēng}}), alluding to the fact that a picture of Jackie Chan, taken from the 1984 film Wheels on Meals, was used to depict the character. The back of the insert of the game notes that Chin is a heroin addict.{{Cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/HongKong97/hong%20kong%20back%20final.jpg | title=Scan of Hong Kong 97's insert | date=1995 |language=ja| via=Internet Archive |access-date=20 January 2020}}

Development

In January 2018, Kowloon Kurosawa finally broke his silence on the development of the game to the South China Morning Post. He stated that his goal was to make the worst game possible as a mockery of the game industry. Since Kurosawa did not have much programming skill, he had an Enix employee help him out, with the game being made in two days. He later asked a friend with basic knowledge of English to translate the story into this language, as well as an exchange student from Hong Kong to translate it into Chinese. Kurosawa took the music, an audio clip from "I Love Beijing Tiananmen", from a second-hand LaserDisc he got in Shanghai Street, and the main character sprite, depicting Jackie Chan, was taken from a movie poster of Wheels on Meals, a 1984 Hong Kong martial arts film.{{cite web |url=https://www.kotaku.com.au/2018/09/awful-game-has-enduring-legacy-despite-creators-wishes/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916050934/https://www.kotaku.com.au/2018/09/awful-game-has-enduring-legacy-despite-creators-wishes/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 September 2018 |title=Awful Game Has Enduring Legacy Despite Creator's Wishes |last=Wells |first=Adam |date=16 September 2018 |website=Kotaku Australia |publisher=Univision Communications |location=Surry Hills |access-date=25 February 2019}}

With the game completed, Kurosawa used a game backup device that could copy Super Famicom games onto floppy disks, which he found whilst wandering through the computer malls of Sham Shui Po. Due to game backup devices being illegal in Japan at the time, Kurosawa could only advertise his game through articles written under pseudonyms for underground gaming magazines. He set up a mail-order service to sell the game on floppy discs and cartridges, for ¥2,000 – ¥2,500 ($20–$25 in USD). It sold only about 30 copies, despite him having printed several hundred copies of the insert, which he later threw away. He eventually forgot about the game, until he became aware that it was gaining some unwanted attention in the late 2000s. Eventually, his Facebook account was discovered and was bombarded with questions about the game. In 2023, Kurosawa made the game freely available to download from his personal website.{{cite web|last=McFerran|first=Damien|url=https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/12/random-why-not-download-one-of-the-worst-snes-games-ever-this-festive-season|title=Why Not Download One Of The Worst SNES Games Ever This Festive Season?|work=Time Extension|publisher=Hookshot Media|date=December 18, 2023|access-date=2023-12-18}}

Reception

In an advertisement in the underground magazine Game Urara{{cite web|last=Beschizza|first=Rob|title=Japan's "Filthiest Underground Gaming Magazine" enters the Internet Archive|url=https://boingboing.net/2020/01/14/japans-filthiest-undergro.html|work=Boing Boing|date=14 January 2020|access-date=16 January 2021}} for another HappySoft title, The Story of Kamikuishiki Village, Hong Kong 97{{'}}s poor quality is acknowledged, with the advert referring to the game as "dreadful" and "incomprehensible". It also claims that bootleg copies of the game were widely sold in Hong Kong and Bangkok.{{cite magazine|date=1995|title=The Story of Kamikuishiki Village Magazine Advertisement|url=https://archive.org/details/gameurara-vol4-1995-600DPI/page/n187/mode/2up|magazine=Game Urara|publisher=Core Magazine|volume=4|pages=190–191}}

In retrospective reviews, Hong Kong 97 was met with overwhelmingly negative reception, with many calling it one of the worst video games ever made.{{efn|{{cite web|language=fr|title=Laid, raté et raciste: l'invraisemblable épopée du "pire jeu vidéo du monde"|trans-title=Ugly, failed and racist: the incredible epic of the "worst video game in the world"|last=Lamy|first=Corentin|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2018/02/09/laid-rate-et-raciste-l-invraisemblable-epopee-du-pire-jeu-video-de-l-histoire_5254343_4408996.html|work=Le Monde|date=9 February 2018|access-date=25 February 2019}}{{cite web |url=https://br.ign.com/ign-pop/64505/feature/os-10-piores-games-da-historia-que-voce-precisa-conhecer |title=Os 10 piores games da história que você precisa conhecer |last=Lima |first=Diego |date=22 July 2018 |website=IGN Brazil |publisher=Ziff Davis |location=São Paulo |language=pt |trans-title=The 10 Worst Games In History You Need To Know |access-date=25 February 2019}}}} The game has garnered a "so bad, it's good" cult following in Japan, Thailand and Taiwan, and in the West after it became the subject of an Angry Video Game Nerd YouTube video.