Hongjiao
{{Short description|Qing dynasty imperial prince}}
{{family name hatnote|Hongjiao|Aisin Gioro|lang=Manchu}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Hongjiao
| title = Prince Ning of the Second Rank
{{lang|zh-hant|多羅寧郡王}}
| image =
| succession = Head of the House of Prince Ning peerage
| reign = 1730–1764
| reign-type = Tenure
| predecessor=peerage created
| successor = Yongfu
| birth_date = {{birth date|1713|6|17|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{death date and age|1764|9|9|1713|6|17|df=y}}
| death_place =
| father = Yinxiang
| mother = Lady Joogiya
| spouse =
| issue =
| posthumous name = Prince Ningliang of the Second Rank (寧良郡王)
| house = Aisin Gioro
| full name =
}}
Hongjiao ({{zh|c=弘晈}}; 17 June 1713 – 9 September 1764) was Qing dynasty imperial prince as the fourth son of Yinxiang, Prince Yixian of the First Rank and Kangxi Emperor's grandson. In 1730, he was granted a title of Prince Ning of the Second Rank. As the title was not granted iron-cap status, each successive bearer would hold diminished ranks vis-a-vis his predecessor.
Life
Hongjiao was born on 17 June 1713 to lady Joogiya, primary princess consort Yixian of the First Rank.{{Cite book|last=|first=|title="Genealogy of the Aisin Gioro clan"|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}} In 1730, Hongjiao was granted a title of Prince Ning of the Second Rank.{{Cite book|last=Tian|first=Shuhe|title=北京市區主要街道景觀導覽|publisher=崧博出版事業有限公司|year=2018|isbn=|location=|pages=}} He had 2 biological sisters, including Princess Hehui of the Second Rank who was adopted into the palace since young,{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=《總管內務府奏為四公主下嫁多爾吉色布騰核定陪嫁女子人口莊頭數目事折》/"A memorial on collecting the dowry for Fourth Princess"|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}} and 2 surviving biological brothers, including Hongxiao, Prince Yixi of the First Rank.{{Cite book|last=Zhao|first=Erxun|title=《清史稿》 表四 皇子世表四/ Draft History of Qing.Table 4. Imperial Princes. Genealogy tree 4|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}} In 1739, Hongjiao formed a fraction together with Prince Li Hongxi, Hongsheng (son of Prince Heng Yunqi), Hongchang and Yunlu (prince Zhuang of the First Rank) aimed to oust Qianlong Emperor from power and set Hongxi as an emperor.{{Cite book|last=Jin|first=Hengyuan|title="Another Yongzheng"|publisher=Beijing Book Co. Inc.|year=2018|isbn=|location=|pages=}} The fraction failed to achieve its aim as Hongpu dispatched a messenger to report an urgent secret matter to the Emperor who stayed in Rehe at that time.{{Cite book|last=Gao |first=Yang|title=. 三春爭及初春景/Fight in the spring scenery.|publisher=生活・讀書・新知三联书店.|year=2001|isbn=|location=|pages=686}} Hongpu was arrested and demoted to grace defender duke after the imperial hunt.{{Cite book|last=Feng|first=Jingzhi|title=The art of weaving in the Qing|publisher=Chunfeng Cultural Press|year=2003|isbn=|location=|pages=1065}} Hongxi and Hongsheng were stripped of their titles and imprisoned while Hongjiao received lighter punishment.{{Cite book|last=Hua|first=Bin|title="The Qianlong Emperor"|publisher=千華駐科技出版有限公司|year=2018|isbn=|location=|pages=}} Some sources state that he was only deprived of his allowance.{{Cite web|title=Qianlong Reign{{!}}The Palace Museum|url=https://en.dpm.org.cn/EXPLORE/ming-qing/2015-02-06/15.html|access-date=2021-01-23|website=en.dpm.org.cn}}
In 1749, Hongjiao was ordered to make sacrifices in the Jing'anzhuang (静安庄).{{Cite book|last=|first=|title="A decree assigning Prince Ning of the Second Rank Hongjiao and others to carry out rites at the Jing'anzhuang"|publisher=1749|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}} In 1750 and in 1760,{{Cite book|last=|first=|title="A decree assigning Hongjiao and others prayer in the Temple of Harvest"|publisher=1760|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}} Hongjiao was sent to make sacrifices at the Temple of Heaven.{{Cite book|last=|first=|title="A decree assigning Hongjiao and others making sacrifices at the Temple of Prayer of Harvests"|publisher=|year=1750|isbn=|location=|pages=}} In 1752, Hongjiao was stripped of his position in the Ministry of Revenue due to several delicts.{{Cite book|last=|first=|title="A decree dismissing Prince Ning of the Second Rank Hongjiao from his duties in the Ministry of Revenue"|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}
Hongjiao was a renowned poet. His works included "Stories of Chrysantemums" and "Series of the Prosperous Dynasty" in 13 volumes.
Hongjiao died on 9 September 1764 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Ningliang of the Second Rank (宁良郡王, meaning "tranquil and gentle"). He was succeeded by the second son, Yongfu.{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=爱新觉罗家族全书|publisher=Jilin Public Press|year=1997|isbn=|location=|pages=122}}
Former residence
File:Prince Ning's Mansion1.JPG
Hongjiao's former residence was called "Little Prince Yi Manor" as one of his descendants, Zaidun, was transferred into Prince Yi of the First Rank peerage. The mansion was built in 1730 in Dongcheng District of Beijing. The residence is not preserved in the Siheyuan style due to modern-day reconstructions. After the Xinhai revolution, the opera stage, stables and outer courtyard were converted into storehouses.{{Cite book|last=Qu|first=Xiaoyue|title="老北京皇都风貌——老北京王府与大宅园"/"Beautiful imperial city of Beijing. Old Princely Manors and Gardens of Beijing"|publisher=Beijing Book Co. Inc.|year=2008|isbn=|location=|pages=}} During the Qianlong era, the prince Ning manor was described as one of the most luxurious and beautiful princely manors in Beijing.{{Cite book|last=|first=|title=《乾隆京城全图》|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=}}
Family
Hongjiao was married to lady Sirin Gioro, daughter of secretary Zhuolintai (卓林泰). Later, he married lady Ula Nara, daughter of Grand Secretary of the Wenhua hall Chalang'a. As Ula Nara clan was made extinct in 1703, official Qing dynasty records write the name of the clan as "Nara".
- Primary consort, of the Sirin Gioro clan
- Prince of the Third Rank Yongxi, first son
- Second primary consort, of the Ulanara clan
- Mistress, of the Ding clan
- Prince Gongke of the Third Rank Yongfu, Prince Yi of the First Rank{{Cite web|title=详细资料介绍_爱新觉罗宗谱网|url=http://www.axjlzp.com/clan98292.html|access-date=2021-01-12|website=www.axjlzp.com}}