House of Normandy

{{Short description|Scandinavian rulers of Northern France}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

{{More citations needed|date=October 2018}}

{{Infobox noble house

| surname = House of Normandy

| type =

| other_name =

| coat of arms = Arms of William the Conqueror (1066-1087).svg

| image_size = 140px

| alt =

| caption = Arms of the Duchy of NormandyThe House of Normandy became extinct before the age of heraldry.

| country = {{plainlist|

• Duchy of Normandy
• Kingdom of England
• County of Flanders

}}

| parent house =

| titles = {{plainlist|

• Count of Rouen
• Duke of Normandy
• King of England
• Count of Flanders

}}

| styles =

| founded = 911

| founder = Rollo

| final ruler = Henry I of England or Matilda (disputed)

| current head =

| dissolution = {{End date|1167}}

| deposition = 1135

| cadet branches = Illegitimate lines:

• House of Clare
• House of FitzWalter, Baron FitzWalter
• House of Devereux, Viscounts Hereford
• House of FitzRobert, Earls of Gloucester
• House of Dunstanville, Earls of Cornwall

| notes = {{Reflist|group=nb}}

}}

The House of Normandy ({{langx|nrf|Maison de Nouormandie}} {{IPA|nrf|mɛ.zɔ̃ d̪e nɔʁ.mɛnde|}}) was a noble family originating from the Duchy of Normandy. The House of Normandy's lineage began with the Scandinavian Rollo who founded the Duchy of Normandy in 911.{{Cite web |date=2021-05-03 |title=Rollo {{!}} duke of Normandy {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rollo-duke-of-Normandy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503202617/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rollo-duke-of-Normandy |archive-date=3 May 2021 |access-date=2024-10-26}}

The House of Normandy includes members who were dukes of Normandy, counts of Rouen, as well as kings of England following the Norman conquest of England. It lasted until Stephen of the French House of Blois seized the Duchy of Normandy in 1135. The house emerged from the union between the Viking Rollo{{Cite web|title=Norman {{!}} people {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Norman-people|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}} (first ruler of Normandy) and Poppa of Bayeux,{{Cite web|title=Poppa|url=https://fasg.org/projects/henryproject/data/poppa000.htm|access-date=2021-12-07|website=fasg.org}} a West Frankish noblewoman. William the Conqueror{{Cite web|last=Ciara.Berry|date=2016-01-12|title=Royal Archives|url=https://www.royal.uk/william-the-conqueror|access-date=2021-12-07|website=The Royal Family|language=en}} and his heirs down through 1135 were members of this dynasty.

After that it was disputed between William's grandchildren, Matilda, whose husband Geoffrey{{Cite web |title=Queen Matilda, Empress Maud and the Civil War with King Stephen. |url=https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Empress-Maud/ |access-date=2022-05-04 |website=Historic UK |language=en-GB}} was the founder of the House of Plantagenet, and Stephen of the House of Blois (or Blesevin dynasty).{{Cite web|title=Your guide to the Anarchy, the bloody battle between Stephen and Matilda|url=https://www.historyextra.com/period/medieval/guide-the-anarchy-what-civil-war-stephen-matilda/|access-date=2021-12-07|website=HistoryExtra|language=en}}

The Norman counts of Rouen were:

• Rollo, 911–927
• William Longsword, 927–942

The Norman dukes of Normandy were:

• Richard I, 942–996 {{Cite journal|last=McNair|first=Fraser|date=2015|title=The politics of being Norman in the reign of Richard the Fearless, Duke of Normandy (r. 942–996)|journal=Early Medieval Europe|language=en|volume=23|issue=3|pages=308–328|doi=10.1111/emed.12106|s2cid=153508365 |issn=1468-0254|doi-access=free}}
• Richard II, 996–1027 {{Cite web|title=Richard II {{!}} duke of Normandy {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-II-duke-of-Normandy|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}
• Richard III, 1026–1027 {{Cite web|title=Richard III {{!}} duke of Normandy {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-III-duke-of-Normandy|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}
• Robert I, 1027–1035 {{Cite web|title=Collections Online {{!}} British Museum|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG209415|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.britishmuseum.org}}
• William, 1035–1066 (became King of England as William the Conqueror)

The Norman monarchs of England and Normandy were:

• William the Conqueror, 1066–1087
• William II, 1087–1100 (not Duke of Normandy) {{Cite web|last=Ciara.Berry|date=2016-01-12|title=William II (Known as William Rufus) (r. 1087–1100)|url=https://www.royal.uk/william-rufus|access-date=2021-12-07|website=The Royal Family|language=en}}
• Robert II, 1087–1106 (not King of England) {{Cite web|title=Collections Online {{!}} British Museum|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG40329|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.britishmuseum.org}}
• Henry I, 1100–1135; 1106–1135 {{Cite web|last=Ciara.Berry|date=2016-01-12|title=Henry I 'Beauclerc' (r. 1100–1135)|url=https://www.royal.uk/henry-i|access-date=2021-12-07|website=The Royal Family|language=en}}
• William Adelin, 1120 (not King of England) {{Cite web|date=2020-11-25|title=The lost prince whose death tipped England towards civil war|url=https://royalcentral.co.uk/features/history-blogs/the-lost-prince-whose-death-tipped-england-towards-civil-war-152541/|access-date=2021-12-07|website=Royal Central|language=en-GB}}
• Matilda, 1135–1153 (disputed)Matilda's inheritance was usurped by her cousin Stephen of England in 1135. She recovered Normandy, but ruled in England only in 1141 as Lady of the English. However, Matilda maintained her dynastic rights until she abdicated them in favour of her son Henry II of England in 1153 following the Treaty of Wallingford.
• Stephen (non-agnatic; a member of the House of Blois), 1135–1154 {{Cite web|title=BBC – History – King Stephen|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/stephen_king.shtml|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.bbc.co.uk|language=en-GB}}

Norman Count of Flanders:

• William Clito (r. 1127–1128), son of Robert Curthose, great-grandson of Baldwin V, designated by Louis VI of France{{Cite web|title=William Clito {{!}} count of Flanders {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Clito|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}

Richard I had a daughter, Emma of Normandy, who was Queen consort through her two marriages to Æthelred the Unready and Cnut the Great.