Huai of Xia

The Xia dynasty ({{lang|zh-hant|夏朝}}; {{circa|2070–1600}} BCE) is the first dynasty of traditional Chinese historiography.{{sfn|Morton|Lewis|2004|p=14}} Founded by Yu the Great, both the dynasty and its rulers are of highly uncertain and controversial historicity.{{sfn|Morton|Lewis|2004|p=14}}{{sfn|Chang|1999|pp=71–73}}

Herbert J. Allen notes that the character for Huai's name and the Sophora japonica tree are the same.{{sfn|SJ in Allen|1895|p=110}} His name is read Hui according to Sima Zhen; his other name is Fen (芬). His name is also read as Hai.

Extant sources offer little information on Huai's reign; they are mainly limited to court appointments and assemblies.{{sfn|Imperial China|2020|p=315}}

Huai ascended the throne in the year of Wuzi (戊子), after his father Zhu had died.[https://books.google.com/books?id=gkMTKkiUYtAC&dq=Shaokang&pg=PA112 Page 112]

In the 3rd year of his reign, nine barbarians (九夷) came to his capital.

In the 16th year of his regime, the minister Luobo (洛伯) fought with minister Fengyi (冯夷) at He(河). In the 33rd year of his regime, he assigned the son of Kunwu as minister in Yousu (有苏).

He created a prison called yuantu (圜土) in the 36th year of his reign.

He was succeeded by his son Mang.

Huai is traditionally held to have succeeded his father Zhu and been succeeded by his son Mang.{{sfn|SJ in Allen|1895|p=108}} Aside from this, all reign periods and lengths are speculative and unverifiable.

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:Early

• {{cite book |script-title=zh:竹書紀年 |title=Zhúshū Jìnián |trans-title=Bamboo Annals |script-chapter=zh:帝芬 |chapter=Dì Fēn |trans-chapter=Emperor Huai |chapter-url=https://ctext.org/zhushu-jinian/di-fen/zh |language=zh-hant }}
• {{cite book |translator-last=Legge |translator-first=James |translator-link=James Legge |year=1865 |title=The Chinese Classics: A Translation Critical and Exegetical Notes, Prolegomena, And Copious Indexes |chapter=The Annals of the Bamboo Books |publisher=Trübner |location=London |url=https://archive.org/details/chineseclassics07legggoog |ref={{sfnRef|BA in Legge|1865}} }}

• {{cite journal |translator-last=Allen |translator-first=Herbert J. |year=1895 |title=Ssŭma Ch'ien's Historical Records, Chapter II – The Hsia Dynasty |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=93–110 |url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/journals/jras/1895-03.htm |s2cid=250351018 |doi=10.1017/S0035869X00022784 |ref={{sfnRef|SJ in Allen|1895}} }}

:Modern

• {{Cite Cambridge History of China |volume=ancient |year=1999 |last=Chang |first=Kwang-chih |author-link=Kwang-chih Chang |chapter=China on the Eve of the Historical Period }}
• {{cite book |last1=Morton |first1=W. Scott |last2=Lewis |first2=Charlton M. |year=2004 |title=China: Its History and Culture |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |isbn=978-0-07-146526-7 }}
• {{cite book |author=Wu Kuo-Chen |author-link=K. C. Wu |year=1982 |title=The Chinese Heritage |publisher=Crown Publishers, Inc. |location=New York |isbn=978-0-517-54475-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/chineseheritage00wuku |ref={{sfnRef|Wu|1982}} }}
• {{cite book |year=2020 |title=Imperial China: The Definitive Visual History |publisher=DK and Encyclopedia of China Publishing House |location=New York |isbn=978-0-7440-2047-2 |ref={{sfnRef|Imperial China|2020}} }}

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{{S-hou|Xia dynasty||||}}

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{{S-bef

| before = Zhu

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| title = King of China

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| after = Mang

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{{Kings of Xia}}

{{portal bar|Biography|China|History}}

Category:Kings of the Xia dynasty