Huang Yongsheng

Huang Yongsheng was born in Xianning prefecture (now, prefecture-level city) of Hubei province.

Huang Yongsheng participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising of 1927, and in December of the same year joined the Chinese Communist Party. In 1932, he was appointed the commander of the 31st Division of the 11th Red Army, and later to the 16th Division of the 22nd Red Army. During the war against Japan, he was appointed a regimental commander in the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army.

In 1948, Huang was appointed the commander of the 6th Column of the Fourth Field Army. Later in 1948 the 6th Column merged with other units into the 43rd Army, and Huang Yongsheng was appointed its commander. In 1949, he was commanding the 14th and 13th Army Groups.

After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, Huang commanded the 13th Army Group, and later the 15th Army Group.

During the Korean War, Huang commanded the 13th Army Group, and later the 15th Army Group.[http://www.paulnoll.com/Korea/War/General-Huang-Yongsheng.html Chinese Military Leaders During the Korean War: General Huang Yongsheng]

{{see also|Guangxi Massacre|Guangdong Cultural Revolution Massacre|Lin Biao incident}}

During the Cultural Revolution, Huang Yongsheng commanded the Guangzhou Military Region, and was responsible for the Guangxi Massacre and the Guangdong Massacre.{{Cite web|last=Yan|first=Lebin|script-title=zh:我参与处理广西文革遗留问题|url=http://www.yhcqw.com/34/8938.html|access-date=2019-11-29|publisher=炎黄春秋|language=zh|archive-date=2020-06-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625142917/http://www.yhcqw.com/34/8938.html|url-status=dead}}{{Cite book|last=Su|first=Yang|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ujTR1R36Y04C&q=red+flag+faction+guangdong&pg=PA50|title=Collective Killings in Rural China during the Cultural Revolution|date=2011-02-21|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-49246-1|language=en}} It was reported much later that during the pro-communist riots in Hong Kong in 1967, he suggested invading and occupying the British colony; his plan, however, was vetoed by Zhou Enlai.[https://web.archive.org/web/20090515142530/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article1977594.ece "Revealed: the Hong Kong invasion plan"], by Michael Sheridan. From The Sunday Times, June 24, 2007 As a Chief of Staff of the PLA, in 1969, he was put in charge of building the tunnel system to house the PLA command headquarters in case of nuclear war, known as Underground Project 131. The chosen site for the facility was in his home prefecture of Xianning.

During the Cultural Revolution, Huang became an ally of China's defense minister and vice-chairman, Lin Biao, eventually serving as Lin's chief-of-staff. In the summer of 1971, immediately preceding Lin's death, Huang issued a strongly-worded statement condemning Zhou Enlai's plan to seek a closer relationship with the United States. Huang attempted to rationalize his position by stating that the United States was a declining capitalist power, and would be especially dangerous in this condition.Ross, Robert S. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/654827 "From Lin Biao to Deng Xiaoping: Elite Instability and China's U. S. Policy"]. The China Quarterly. No.118. June 1989. pp. 265–299. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved November 12, 2011. p.269.

Huang lost his position following Lin Biao's death. He was arrested on September 24, 1971 - two weeks after Lin Biao's alleged plot to assassinate Mao. After the arrest, even his family did not know what was happening to him, until he was put on trial in 1980 and given a prison sentence.The Culture of Power: The Lin Biao Incident in the Cultural Revolution

By Qiu Jin, Jin Qiu. Published by Stanford University Press, 1999. {{ISBN|0-8047-3529-8}}. Partially available [https://books.google.com/books?id=Kc5wutpAuHgC on Google Books]

File:Huang-Yongsheng-zhi-mu-9752.jpg site]]

Huang's involvement in the plot to assassinate Mao Zedong was implied (though not directly stated) by the confession of Li Weixin (the only one of Lin's plotters to have survived 1971). At his trial in 1980, the government of China agreed that Huang did not know anything about Lin Liguo's plans to assassinate Mao, or of Lin's flight from China.Uhalley Jr., Stephen, and Qiu Jin. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2759617 "The Lin Biao Incident: More Than Twenty Years Later"]. Pacific Affairs. Vol.66, No. 3, Autumn, 1993. pp.386-398. Retrieved December 16, 2011. p. 392

In 1983, Huang died in Qingdao, China. Huang's grave is located on the Project 131 site, which is now a museum.

• Guangxi Massacre
• Guangdong Cultural Revolution Massacre

{{Reflist}}

• [http://www.generals.dk/general/China.html short online biography (generals.dk)]{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{s-start}}

{{s-mil}}

{{succession box | before = Yang Chengwu | title = Head of PLA General Staff Headquarters | years = 1968–1971 | after = Deng Xiaoping}}

{{s-end}}

{{9th Politburo of the Communist Party of China}}

{{First PLA Shang Jiang}}

{{People's Liberation Army Chiefs of General Staff}}

{{Guangdong leaders}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Huang, Yongsheng}}

Category:1910 births

Category:1983 deaths

Category:Politicians from Xianning

Category:People's Liberation Army generals from Hubei

Category:Chinese Communist Party politicians from Hubei

Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Hubei

Category:Political office-holders in Guangdong

Category:People's Liberation Army Chiefs of General Staff

Category:Commanders of the Guangzhou Military Region

Category:Members of the 9th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party

Category:People's Liberation Army generals convicted of crimes