Huaqing Pool
{{Short description|Hot springs complex near Xi'an, China}}
{{Infobox spring
| name = Huaqing Pool
| other_name = Huaqing Hot Springs
| photo = Huaqingchi 1.JPG
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| photo_caption = Stone carving Huaqing Palace.
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| location = Mount Li, Qinling, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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| coordinates = {{coord|34|21|54|N|109|12|26|E|display=inline,title}}
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{{Infobox Chinese
|t=華清池
|s=华清池
|p=Huáqīng chí
|w=Hua2-ch'ing1 chih2
|mi={{IPAc-cmn|h|ua|2|q|ing|1|-|ch|^|2}}
|j=Waa4-cing1 ci4
|y=Wàah-chīng chìh
|tl=Huâ-tshing tî {{small|(lit.)}}
}}
Huaqing Pool ({{lang|zh|华清池}}), also known as the Huaqing Hot Springs ({{lang|zh|华清宫}}), are a complex of hot springs located in an area characterized by mild weather and scenic views at the northern foot of Mount Li, one of the three major peaks of the Qinling. The Huaqing Hot Springs are located approximately {{convert|25|km|sp=us}} east of Xi'an (formerly Chang'an, the western capital of the Tang dynasty), in the province of Shaanxi, China.
History
The spring used the locally-occurring geothermal heating and features a long documented history of almost three millennia, having served as the location for several palaces built during the reigns of past Chinese dynastic rulers, including King You of the Zhou dynasty, Qin Shi Huang of the Qin dynasty, and an expanded version by Wu Han of the Han dynasty.
Under the Tang emperors Taizong and Xuanzong, with the latter had the structure rebuilt in 723 as part of the Huaqing Palace ({{lang|zh-Hant|華清宮}}), and is famous as the supposed scene of Xuanzong's romance with his consort Yang Guifei.China: Five Thousand Years of History & Civilization (Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong Press, 2007), p. 770. However, during the events associated with the An Lushan rebellion, considerable damage was done to the site. Nevertheless, the historical legacy of the Huaqing pools has received lasting commemoration, such as in the following mention of Emperor Xuanzong and Yang in Bai Juyi's poem Song of Everlasting Regret:
{{lang|zh-hant|侍兒扶起嬌無力，始是新承恩澤時。}}
—{{lang|zh-hant|長恨歌}} (Chang hen ge)
:On a cold spring day, he bestowed upon her the honor of bathing with him at the Huaqing pools,
:The waters of the hot springs were smooth, and washed over her pale white skin.
:The palace maids helped her to leave the pool, because she was too delicate and lacked strength.
:This was when she began to receive the emperor's advances.
This site was also the scene of the 1936 Xi'an Incident, when Chiang Kai-shek was kidnapped by former warlord Zhang Xueliang and forced to participate in a United Front with the Chinese Communist Party to oppose Imperial Japan.Ray Huang, China: A Macro History (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1997), p. 4.
Present
Huaqing Pool is currently an important tourist spot, classified as a AAAAA scenic area by the China National Tourism Administration.{{cite web|url=http://en.cnta.gov.cn/html/2008-11/2008-11-16-10-27-72978.html |date=16 November 2008 |title=AAAAA Scenic Areas |work=China National Tourism Administration |accessdate=9 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404043021/http://en.cnta.gov.cn/html/2008-11/2008-11-16-10-27-72978.html |archivedate=4 April 2014 }}
Gallery
File:华清宫.jpg|A view of Huaqing Palace, near Huaqing Pool
File:Hua-Qing-Chi-Gui-Fei-Tang.jpg|Guifei Pond ({{lang|zh|貴妃湯}})
File:Hua-Qing-Chi-Lian-Hua-Tang.jpg|Lianhua Pond ({{lang|zh|蓮花湯}})
File:Hua-Qing-Chi-Yang-Gui-Fei.jpg|Statue of Yang Guifei.
File:Huaqingchi 2.JPG|Huaqing Pool with artificial lotus
File:华清池贵妃泉.JPG|Guifei Spring ('The Lady's Spring')
File:华清池飞霜殿.JPG|Feishuang Hall ('Hall of the Drifting Frost')
File:华清池的一副壁画.JPG|One of the Huaqing Pool's murals
File:华清池的杨妃池.JPG|"Lady Yang's Pool", a reconstructed Qing version, later used by Chiang Kai-shek
File:贵妃出浴.jpg|Statue of Lady Yang coming out of the bath
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Huaqing Palace}}
- {{Cite episode |title=The Huaqing Palace in the heyday of Tang dynasty |series=The missing ancient architectures |url=http://english.cntv.cn/program/documentary/20110601/113119.shtml |network=China Central Television |station=CCTV-9 |number=4}} (English subtitle)
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Category:Chinese poetry allusions
Category:Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Shaanxi