Hudspeth Formation
{{Short description|Geomorphological formation}}
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Hudspeth Formation
| image =
| caption =
| type = Geological formation
| age = Albian-Cenomanian
~{{fossilrange|107.5|96.6}}{{cite book|author1=Surpless, K. D.|author2=Gulliver, K. D. H.|year=2018|editor1=Ingersoll, R.V.|editor2=Graham, S.A.|editor3=Lawton, T.F.|chapter=Provenance Analysis of the Ochoco Basin, Central Oregon: A Window Into the Late Cretaceous Paleogeography of the Northern U.S. Cordillera|title=Tectonics, Sedimentary Basins, and Provenance: A Celebration of the Career of William R. Dickinson|publisher=Geological Society of America|doi=10.1130/2018.2540(11)|isbn=9780813725406 |url=https://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1037&context=geo_faculty}}
| period = Albian
| prilithology = Mudstone, shale
| otherlithology =
| namedfor =
| namedby =
| region = Pacific Northwest
{{Flag|Oregon}}
| country = {{USA}}
| coordinates = {{coord|43.3|N|120.1|W|display=inline,title}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|42.9|N|74.8|E|display=inline}}
| unitof = Mitchell Group
| subunits =
| underlies =
| overlies =
| thickness =
| extent =
| area = Wheeler & Lake Counties, Oregon
| map = {{Location map+ | United States#Oregon
| relief = 1
| width = 250
| float = center
| places =
{{Location map~ | United States#Oregon
| lat_deg = 44.5
| lon_deg = -120.1
| mark = Green pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
}}
| map_caption =
}}
The Hudspeth Formation is a Cretaceous sedimentary rock formation, found in Oregon of the United States of America. The formation dates to the Albian age of the Early Cretaceous period. During the Albian much of this formation was submerged beneath shallow seas resulting in the preservation of many marine fossils. Pterosaur, dinosaur and marine fossils have been recovered from the formation. It is intertongued with the Gable Creek Formation.{{Cite web|date=1971|title=Bedrock geology of the Mitchell Quadrangle, Wheeler County, Oregin |url=https://www.oregongeology.org/pubs/B/B-072.pdf |access-date=2020-07-04}}
Fossil content
= Vertebrates =
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="7" align="center" | Vertebrates of the Hudspeth Formation | ||||||
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BennettazhiaGilmore, 1928
| B. oregonensis | Oregon | | Humerus, two fused dorsal vertebrae, and a partial joint bone | A Tapejaromorpha pterosaur | ||||||
| Ornithopoda (Mitchell ornithopod)
| Indeterminate | Oregon | | Toe bone and a vertebra | First dinosaur described from Oregon (not the first discovered), likely a bloated carcass swept out into the ocean from a coastline in what is now Idaho.Retallack et al., 2018 Further discoveries suggest it may have been deposited by a mudflow{{Cite web|last=Strommer|first=Kristin|date=July 14, 2021|title=UO-led team uncovers new pieces of Oregon's dinosaur puzzle|url=https://around.uoregon.edu/content/uo-led-team-uncovers-new-pieces-oregons-dinosaur-puzzle |access-date=July 15, 2021|website=University of Oregon}} | | ||||||
| Ornithopoda
|Indeterminate |Oregon | |Vertebra |Likely the same animal as the Mitchell ornithopod. | | ||||||
| Plesiosauroidea
| Indeterminate | Oregon | | A partial skull | A short necked PlesiosauroideaFremd et al., 2005 | | ||||||
| Ichthyosauria
| Indeterminate | | | Vertebral centra | | | ||||||
| Scapanorhynchus sp.Welton, 1972
| | | | Teeth |A shark | |
= Ammonites =
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="7" align="center" | Ammonites of the Hudspeth Formation | ||||||
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rowspan="2" | Brewericeras
| B. hulenensis | Oregon | | Shell in siderite nodules | | | ||||||
| B. breweri
| Oregon | | | | | ||||||
| Leconteites
| L. lecontei | Oregon | | Shell | | | ||||||
| Desmoceras
| D. alamoense | Oregon | |Desmoceras is one of the most common Ammonite genera to be found in the Hudspeth Formation | ||||||
| rowspan="2" | Anisoceras
| Indeterminate | Oregon | | | | | ||||||
| A. merriami
| Oregon | | Coiled shell | | | ||||||
| Mariella
| M. oregonensis | Oregon | | Siderite nodule | | | ||||||
| Anagaudryceras
| Indeterminate | Oregon | | Siderite nodule | | | ||||||
| Pseudohelicoceras
| P. petersoni | Oregon | | | | | ||||||
| rowspan="2" | Mortoniceras
| M. inflatum | Oregon | | | | ||||||
| M. fallax
| Oregon | | | | |
= Other invertebrates =
| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="7" align="center" | Other invertebrates of the Hudspeth Formation | ||||||
| Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pleuromya
| P. russelli | Oregon | | | | | ||||||
| Buchia
| Indeterminate | Oregon | | | | | ||||||
| Epiaster
| E. californicus | Oregon | | | | | ||||||
| Trigonarca
| T. jacksonensis | Oregon | | | | | ||||||
| Goniomya
| G. vespera | Oregon | | | | | ||||||
| Sogdianella
| S. oregonensis | Oregon | | | | | ||||||
| Euspira
| E. conradiana | Oregon | | | Euspira is still extant though E. conradiana is extinct | ||||||
| Eucorystes
| E. platys | Oregon | | | A type of small crab, also present in Europe | |
See also
References
{{Reflist|3}}
= Bibliography =
- {{cite journal |last1=Retallack |first1=Gregory J. |last2=Theodor |first2=Jessica M. |last3=Davis |first3=Edward B. |last4=Hopkins |first4=Samantha S. |last5=Barrett |first5=Paul Z. |year=2018 |title=First Oregon dinosaur (Ornithopoda) from Early Cretaceous (Albian) of Oregon, U.S.A. |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology|doi=10.1080/02724634.2018.1486847 |s2cid=91379584 |url=https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/7206707 }}
- {{cite web |last1=Fremd |first1=Ted |last2=Retallack |first2=Gregory |last3=Springer |first3=Dale |last4=Scotchmoor |first4=Judy |year=2005 |title=Oregon, U.S. |url=http://paleoportal.org/index.php?globalnav=time_space§ionnav=state&name=Oregon |access-date=2020-07-04 |website=The Paleontology Portal}}
- {{cite journal |last=Welton |first=B.J |year=1972 |title=Fossil sharks in Oregon |journal=The Ore Bin |volume=34 |pages=161–170}}
- {{cite journal |last=Gilmore |first=C.W |year=1928 |title=A new pterosaurian reptile from the marine Cretaceous of Oregon |journal=Proceedings of the United States National Museum |volume=73|issue=2745 |pages=1–5 |doi=10.5479/si.00963801.73-2745.1 }}
Category:Geologic formations of Oregon
Category:Cretaceous geology of Oregon
Category:Lower Cretaceous Series of North America
Category:Shallow marine deposits