Hulan River
{{Short description|River in Heilongjiang, China}}
The Hulan River ({{zh|s=呼兰河|p=Hūlán Hé}}; English: Call Orchid) is a river in Heilongjiang Province, China.
The Hulan rises in the Lesser Khingan mountains, south of Yichun ({{Coord|47.21995|128.57644}}). It flows west past Tieli and north of Suihua. After the confluence with the Tongken River, it turns south to join the Songhua River in Hulan County, where it flows into the new Dadingshan Reservoir, just east of Harbin ({{Coord|45.92531|126.78767}}), .
The river meanders extensively across the Northeast China Plain, creating many bifurcations and oxbow lakes. The approximate length is 350 km, but there is often more than one stream, and the actual distance, including all the bends, is 532 km.{{cite web|title=Songhua River Basin Water Quality and Pollution Control Management – Strategic Planning Report|url=https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-document/75333/33177-prc-tacr-v4.pdf|author=Asian Development Bank|accessdate=15 September 2019|date=September 2005}} The area of the catchment basin is 31,207 km2.{{cite web|title=Songhua River Flood Management Sector Project |url=https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-document/60151/33437-013-prc-pcr.pdf|author=Asian Development Bank|accessdate=28 September 2019|date=December 2011}}
It has a wide floodplain of fertile black soil. After a comprehensive management plan for the river basin was implemented in the 1950s, it became a center of production for grain, flax, and sugar beet.{{cite web
|url=https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/heilongjiang-and-chinas-food-security
|title=Heilongjiang and China's Food Security
|date=2012-03-05
|publisher=Stratfor
|access-date=2019-10-20}}
There is a tributary called the Xiaohulan River (Little Hulan), which flows northwest to join the main river west of Tieli. Other tributaries include the Yijimi, Ougen, Liu, Gemuke, Nuomin, Ni, and Tongken Rivers.
On 1 April 2020, the river suffered pollution from Molybdenum and related refining materials, from a smelter in Yichun.{{cite web|title=Waste molybdenum ore spill in China spreads 110 km downstream|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-tailings-molybdenum/waste-molybdenum-ore-spill-in-china-spreads-110-km-downstream-idUSKBN21J4V4|work=Reuters|accessdate=24 July 2020|date=1 April 2005}}
See also
- Hulan County
- Tales of Hulan River, by Xiao Hong. The book is not really about the river itself, but describes life in Hulan County, an eastern suburb of Harbin, on the west bank of the river, in the period 1910-1930.