Hunterston Terminal
{{Short description|Port in North Ayrshire, Scotland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2017}}
{{Infobox port
| name = Hunterston Terminal
| image = File:Hunterston Ore Terminal from Kaim Hill - geograph.org.uk - 361919.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| image_caption =View from Kaim Hill over the terminal, loop railway line and jetty, towards Great Cumbrae
| country = United Kingdom
| location = Fairlie, North Ayrshire, Scotland
| coordinates = {{coord|55|44|17|N|4|51|59|W|dim:5000_region:GB|display=inline,title}}
| opened = 1979
| operated = The Peel Group
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Hunterston Terminal, in North Ayrshire, Scotland, was an iron ore and coal-handling port located at Fairlie on the Firth of Clyde, operated by Clydeport which was taken over by The Peel Group in 2003. It lies south of Fairlie, adjacent to Hunterston estate, site of Hunterston Castle, and its jetty projects out approximately {{convert|1|mi|km}}, about midway into the channel between the mainland and the island of Great Cumbrae.
The port, completed in 1979, was originally called Hunterston Ore Terminal and was built to handle iron ore for British Steel Corporation's Ravenscraig steelworks. Existing facilities at General Terminus Quay on the upper River Clyde were unsuitable for increasingly large vessels. Hunterston, with its {{convert|1|mi|km|adj=mid|-long|spell=in}} jetty, was able to handle modern ships of any size, but was closed in 2016 and the site cleared in 2019.
History
File:Kaim Hill 3 Firlie Glen and Arran.jpg
The new port at Hunterston replaced facilities at General Terminus Quay (now Springfield Quay), on the River Clyde, near the centre of Glasgow.Campbell, R.H. Iron and Steel. Chapter 5 in: Cunnison and Gilfillan (1958). These facilities had been designed in the early 1950s to allow the simultaneous unloading of two large ships carrying bulk iron ore. The ships were designed to carry 12,000 tons (12,200 tonnes) of iron ore.Sleeman (1958). The Present System: The Port of Glasgow To-day. In Chapter 10 of: Cunnison & Gilfillan (1958). Iron ore was to be transported, in railway waggons, via the General Terminus and Glasgow Harbour Railway, from the General Terminus Quay to the new Ravenscraig steelworks which opened in the late 1950s.
Facilities at Hunterston Terminal
File:The end of the ore terminal at Hunterston - geograph.org.uk - 1279598.jpg Alpha Era has unloaded coal.]]
At Hunterston Terminal, an overhead conveyor linked to two gantry cranes carried ore or coal to a railhead on the Ayrshire Coast Line railway. Clydeport claimed an unloading rate of 2800 tonnes of coal per hour. The conveyor was also linked to a ship loader to load coal into smaller ships on the inner berth; this coal was transported to Manchester and Belfast amongst other places.
Among other users, coal from Hunterston Terminal supplied Drax power station in Yorkshire and was used at Longannet power station in Fife until its closure in 2016. The need to link to Longannet was a major reason for the reopening of the Stirling-Alloa-Kincardine rail link, although this only served the plant for its last eight years.
The terminal was closed in 2016, and lay dormant.{{cite web | title=Hunterston port 'masterplan' revealed promising £140m boost | website=BBC News | date=16 May 2019 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-48282056 | access-date=16 August 2021}}
In 2012 a National Offshore Wind Turbine Test facility was installed at the Hunterston Construction Yard, and two wind turbines tested for use on offshore wind farms. One was dismantled in 2018, the second was demolished in 2019.{{cite web | title=Giant wind turbine to be demolished by explosion | website=BBC News | date=12 September 2019 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-49674589 | access-date=16 August 2021}}
File:Drillships at Hunterston jetty, from Cumbrae.jpg]]
In 2018 North Ayrshire Council granted planning permission to use the site for decommissioning oil rigs. In May 2019 The Peel Group (which had taken over the asset from Clydeport in 2003) launched a public consultation on proposed uses for the former terminal.
The site was cleared by a year long demolition contract commencing in March 2019,{{cite web | title=Dismantling Operations at Hunterston Coal Terminal – Technical Demolition Services | website=Technical Demolition Services | url=https://www.tdsinternational.co/project/dismantling-operations-at-hunterston-coal-terminal/ | access-date=16 August 2021}} both unloaders were removed around August 2019.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dismantling_the_last_Hunterston_crane,_View_from_Fairlie_Station.jpg Dismantling the last Hunterston crane, View from Fairlie Station], 20 August 2019.
From December 2019, two drillships, owned and operated by Valaris Limited, were moored at the jetty.{{cite web | title=FOFOC New Year Update 2021- Drill Ships Arrive at Hunterston | website=Friends of the Firth of Clyde | date=31 December 2020 | url=https://friendsoffirthofclyde.org/wishing-all-fofoc-supporters-a-happy-and-safe-2021/ | access-date=16 August 2021}}{{cite web | title=Call For {{sic|Independant|hide=y}} (sic) Investigation As Drill Ships Break Loose From Hunterston Jetty | website=Friends of the Firth of Clyde | date=8 February 2021 | url=https://friendsoffirthofclyde.org/fofoc-call-for-fully-independant-investigation-as-massive-drill-ships-break-loose-from-hunterston-jetty/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208222533/https://friendsoffirthofclyde.org/fofoc-call-for-fully-independant-investigation-as-massive-drill-ships-break-loose-from-hunterston-jetty/|archive-date=8 February 2021}}
Hunterston PARC
The former iron ore and coal yard, which occupied {{convert|320|acres|ha}} of land alongside the terminal was cleared by Clydeport at a cost of £10m, to create the Hunterstone Port and Resource Centre (PARC). The aim is to create an 'energy and marine campus... to deliver technological advances in areas such as power generation and aquaculture'.{{cite web|url=https://www.cabletechnologynews.co.uk/hunterston-parc-closes-in-on-deal-with-subsea-energy-cable-manufacturer/| title=Hunterston PARC closes in on deal with subsea energy cable manufacturer| website=Cable Technology News| date=26 August 2021}} In August 2021 it was announced that one of the users of the site would be XLCC, a new company planning to make high voltage undersea cables. HVDC cables are needed both by offshore wind farms and for long-distance interconects, to shift surplus electricity around the UK and to and from neighbouring countries. The process requires huge quantities of aluminium, lead, steel and bitumen, and the resulting cable weighs {{convert|70|kg|lb}} per metre. It needs to be made in lengths of up to {{convert|140|km|miles}} so direct access to a vast purpose-built cable-laying ship is vital, making the adjacent terminal a key feature of the new plant. The intended production capacity for the plant is {{convert|2,400|km|miles}} of HVDC cable a year, which is almost as much as the 2020 total European production of such cables. This will require around £1bn of investment on the manufacturing plant and the ship.{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-business-58330070|title=Hunterston: Old king coal to cable vision| author=Douglas Fraser|date=25 August 2021|website=BBC News|access-date=1 September 2021}}
See also
References
;Notes
{{Reflist}}
;Sources
- Cunnison, J. and Gilfillan, J.B.S., (1958). The City of Glasgow (The Third Statistical Account of Scotland, Volume V). Glasgow: William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd.
External links
{{commons category}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20120225043112/http://www.clydeport.co.uk/index.php?site_id=1&page_id=140 Clydeport website]
- [http://port.hunterston.eu/ Hunterston Coal Terminal]
- [http://www.hunterston.eu Virtual Hunterston - websites all about Hunterston]
Category:Ports and harbours of Scotland