Hunucmá Municipality
{{Short description|Municipality in the Mexican state of Yucatán}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Hunucmá
|native_name =
|settlement_type = Municipality
|motto =
|image_skyline = Hunucmá, Yucatán (01).JPG
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Principal Church of Hunucmá, Yucatán
|image_seal =
|image_shield =
|shield_alt =
|image_map = Municipios de Yucatan con regiones.svg
|mapsize =
|map_caption = Region 1 Poniente #038
|pushpin_map = Mexico
|pushpin_label_position = left
|pushpin_map_caption = Location of the Municipality in Mexico
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = 40px Mexico
|subdivision_type1 = State
|subdivision_name1 = 40px Yucatán
|subdivision_type2 =
|subdivision_name2 =
|government_type = 22px 2012–2015{{cite web|title=Presidentes Municipales|url=http://www.priyucatan.org.mx/seccion/modal/presidentes-municipales|publisher=PRI yucatan|date=23 January 2014|access-date=6 July 2015|location=Mérida, Mexico|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150703015951/http://www.priyucatan.org.mx/seccion/modal/presidentes-municipales|archive-date=3 July 2015|url-status=dead}}
|leader_title = Municipal President
|leader_name = Delio Jaime Perez Tzab{{Cite web| title = Municipios de Yucatán »Hunucmá | url = http://www.yucatan.gob.mx/estado/municipios/ver_municipio.php?id=38 | access-date = 6 July 2015 |language=es }}
|leader_title1 =
|leader_name1 =
|leader_title2 =
|leader_name2 =
|leader_title3 =
|leader_name3 =
|established_title = Mexico Ind.
|established_date = 1821
|established_title2 = Yucatan Est.
|established_date2 = 1824
|established_title3 = Municipality Est.
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 599.10
|area_total_sq_mi =
|area_land_km2 =
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|area_urban_km2 =
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|area_metro_km2 =
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|population_note =
|population_total = 30,731
|population_density_km2 =
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|population_metro =
|population_density_metro_km2 =
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|population_urban =
|population_blank1_title =Demonym
|population_blank1 = Hunucmeño
|timezone = Central Standard Time
|utc_offset = -6
|timezone_DST = Central Daylight Time
|utc_offset_DST = -5
|coordinates = {{coord|21|01|05|N|89|52|31|W|region:MX_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_m = 8
|elevation_ft =
|postal_code_type = Postal Code
|postal_code = 97355
|area_code =
|blank_name_sec1 = INEGI Code
|blank_info_sec1 = 038
|blank_name_sec2 = Major Airport
|blank_info_sec2 = Merida (Manuel Crescencio Rejón) International Airport
|blank1_name_sec2 = IATA Code
|blank1_info_sec2 = MID
|blank2_name_sec2 = ICAO Code
|blank2_info_sec2 = MMMD
|website =
|footnotes =
}}
Hunucmá Municipality ({{IPA|es|xu.nuɣˈma}}, in the Yucatec Maya language: “he alone answered”) is a municipality in the Mexican state of Yucatán containing (599.10 km2) of land and located roughly 25 km west of the city of Mérida.
History
It is unknown which chieftainship the area was under prior to the arrival of the Spanish. After the conquest the area became part of the encomienda system. The encomienda was established under Francisco de Montejo the Younger in 1549 and by 1571 it had passed to Beatriz de Montejo. In 1579 the encomendero was Diego de Santillán and in 1607 it passed to Martín de Palomar. In 1616 the encomenderos were Diego García de Montalvo, Jacinto de Montalvo y Olmos, and Martín de Montalvo y Figueroa, but by 1678 it had passed to Diego Tello de Aguillar.{{cite book|last1=García Bernal|first1=Manuela Cristina|title=Población y encomienda en Yucatán bajo los Austrias|date=1978|publisher=Escuela de Estudios Hispano-Americanos|location=Sevilla|isbn=978-8-400-04399-5|page=490| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HYfY8H8P4VUC&pg=PA337|access-date=3 July 2015|language=es}}
Yucatán declared its independence from the Spanish Crown in 1821 and in 1825, the area was assigned to the Camino Real Bajo region with its headquarters in Hunucmá Municipality, which was head of Chocholá, Halachó, Kinchil, Kopomá, Maxcanú, Opichén, Samahil, Tetiz, and Umán. After the ejidos and land redistribution of the 1930s, Hunucmá was reconfirmed as head of its own municipality.
Governance
The municipal president is elected for a three-year term. The town council has nine councilpersons, who serve as Secretary and councilors of public lighting, public security, education and culture, parks and gardens, public works, cemeteries and roads, markets, potable water, and sports.{{cite web|title=Hunucmá|url=http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM31yucatan/index.html|website=inafed|publisher=Enciclopedia de Los Municipios y Delegaciones de México|access-date=6 July 2015|location=Mérida, Mexico|language=es|archive-date=4 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704100544/http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM31yucatan/index.html|url-status=dead}}
The Municipal Council administers the business of the municipality. It is responsible for budgeting and expenditures and producing all required reports for all branches of the municipal administration. Annually it determines educational standards for schools.
The Police Commissioners ensure public order and safety. They are tasked with enforcing regulations, distributing materials and administering rulings of general compliance issued by the council.
Communities
The head of the municipality is Hunucmá, Yucatán. The other populated areas of the municipality include Capel, Rancho Chen Toro, Hulila, Hunkanab, Rancho Chico, San Antonio Chél, Rancho San Joaquín, San Miguel, Rancho San Rafael, Santa Cruz, Sisal, Texán de Palomeque. The significant populations are shown below:
Local festivals
Tourist attractions
{{Unreferenced section|date=November 2023}}
- Church of St. James, built in the seventeenth century
- Chapel of San Antonio, built in the colonial era
- the former Convent and Church of San Francisco, built in the sixteenth century
- Chapel of Guadalupe, dating from the eighteenth century
- Hacienda San Miguel Chac